1. GAM531 DPS931 – Week 9 OpenGL 4.3 and Direct X 11

2. Engine Engine SceneController ResourceController MeshManager ActorManager SamplerManager CameraManager BlendStateManager ShaderManager VertexFormatManag er RM RM MaterialManager RM RM RM TextureManager RM NodeManager BM IM IM LightManager IM DX11 Device GL 4.3 Device Node m Light SO Camera SO Actor SO m m m BlendState m Texture m Mesh m TextureSampler m VertexFormat m Material m m m m Sh Sh VertexShader FragmentShader Interface Singleton Contains (m = many) Either or (only one) Base Class RM = Resource Manager BM = Base Manager IM = Iterative Manager Sh = Shader SO = SceneObject DX/GL API Wrapper DX/GL Uniform Buffer

3. Engine Engine DX11 Device GL 4.3 Device Cracking Open the Device template class Device {}; template <> class Device { ID3D11Device* dev; … }; template <> class Device { HGLRC context; … }; DirectX Device Object Ptr OpenGL Context Handle

4. Same Name, Completely Different Classes template<> class Device { HGLRC context; HDC hdc; HWND wh; GLuint prim; Window* window; bool active; public: Device() : context(0), hdc(0), active(false), window(0) {} virtual ~Device(); void init(Window*); void release(); void renderStart(); void renderEnd(); void setFullScreen(bool); bool isActive() {return active;} void bindPrimitive(const PrimitiveTopology&); void draw(uint32, uint32); void drawIndexed(uint32, uint32, uint32); }; template <> class Device { IDXGISwapChain* swap; ID3D11Device* dev; ID3D11DeviceContext* con; ID3D11RenderTargetView* backbuffer; ID3D11DepthStencilView* depthBuffer; bool active; public: Device() : swap(0), dev(0), con(0), active(false) {} virtual ~Device(); void init(Window*); void release(); void renderStart(); void renderEnd(); void setFullScreen(bool); bool isActive() {return active;} void bindPrimitive(const PrimitiveTopology&); void draw(uint32, uint32); void drawIndexed(uint32, uint32, uint32); IDXGISwapChain* _exposeSwap() {return swap;} ID3D11Device* _exposeDevice() {return dev;} ID3D11DeviceContext* _exposeContext(); };

5. Importing DX11 and OpenGL 4.3 #include #pragma comment (lib, "d3d11.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "d3dx11.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "d3dx10.lib") #pragma comment (lib, "DXGI.lib") (You must download the GLEW library) #include "GL/glew.h" #include "GL/wglew.h“

6. Biggest Difference Between GL and DX con->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &backbuffer, depthBuffer); dev->CreateDepthStencilView(pDepthStencil, &descDSV,&depthBuffer) dev->CreateTexture2D(&descDepth, NULL, &pDepthStencil ) swap->Release(); context = wglCreateContextAttribsARB(hdc, 0, attribs); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, w, h, format, type, data); wglDeleteContext(context); Object Oriented Free Floating Functions

7. Where Do We Start? Device Swap Chain Context Frame Buffer Object Creation Contains the state of the render system Context Free Floating Functions Frame Buffer Object Creation Contains the state of the render system

8. Initializing a Render System hdc = GetDC(win->getWindowID()); PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd; memset(&pfd, 0, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR)); pfd.nSize = sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR); pfd.nVersion = 1; pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW; pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA; pfd.cColorBits = pfd.cDepthBits = 32; pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE; int pixFmt = ChoosePixelFormat(hdc, &pfd); auto tc = wglCreateContext(hdc); glewInit(); int attribs[] = {WGL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB, 4, WGL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB, 3, WGL_CONTEXT_FLAGS_ARB, 0, 0}; context = wglCreateContextAttribsARB(hdc, 0, attribs); wglMakeCurrent(0,0); wglDeleteContext(tc); wglMakeCurrent(hdc, context); DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC d; ZeroMemory(&d, sizeof(DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC)); d.BufferCount = 1; d.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM; d.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT; d.OutputWindow = w->getWindowID(); d.SampleDesc.Count = 1; d.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; d.Windowed = TRUE d.BufferDesc.Width = w->getSize().x(); d.BufferDesc.Height = w->getSize().y(); d.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD; d.Flags = DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_MODE_SWITCH; D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL lev = D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0; D3D11CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(0, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, 0, 0, &lev, 1, D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &d, &swap, &dev, 0, &con));

9. Now We Need to Draw to Something struct Color {float r, g, b;}; Color buffer[1920][1080]; Currently On Screen Currently Being Written To Screen may refresh before we are done rendering!

10. Setting Up The Back Buffer //Was setup sufficiently during context construction glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); ID3D11Texture2D* bb; swap->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), (LPVOID*)&bb)); dev->CreateRenderTargetView(bb, 0, &backbuffer)); bb->Release(); con->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &backbuffer, 0);

11. Rendering With Depth If Object A is rendered, then B, then C… C will be drawn on top of B, which is drawn on top of A… struct Color {float r, g, b;}; Color buffer[1920][1080]; float depthBuffer[1920][1080]; Is the pixel closer to the Camera?

12. Setting Up The Depth Buffer glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthRange(0, 1); glDepthMask (GL_TRUE); glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); glClearDepth(1.0); ID3D11Texture2D* pDepthStencil = NULL; D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC descDepth; descDepth.Width = d.BufferDesc.Width; descDepth.Height = d.BufferDesc.Height; descDepth.MipLevels = descDepth.ArraySize = 1; descDepth.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT descDepth.SampleDesc.Count = 1; descDepth.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; descDepth.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; descDepth.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL; descDepth.CPUAccessFlags = 0; descDepth.MiscFlags = 0; dev->CreateTexture2D(&descDepth, 0, &pDepthStencil)); D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_DESC dsDesc; ZeroMemory(&dsDesc, sizeof(D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_DESC)); dsDesc.DepthEnable = true; dsDesc.DepthWriteMask = D3D11_DEPTH_WRITE_MASK_ALL; dsDesc.DepthFunc = D3D11_COMPARISON_LESS_EQUAL; dsDesc.StencilEnable = true; dsDesc.StencilReadMask = dsDesc.StencilWriteMask = 0xFF; … con->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &backbuffer, depthBuffer);

13. Where to Render To View Port Stats: X = 300 Y = 0 Height = 800 Width = 1200

14. Setting Up The View Port glViewport(0,0,win->getSize().x(), win->getSize().y()); D3D11_VIEWPORT vp; ZeroMemory(&vp, sizeof(D3D11_VIEWPORT)); vp.TopLeftX = 0; vp.TopLeftY = 0; vp.MinDepth = 0.0f; vp.MaxDepth = 1.0f; vp.Width = (float)w->getSize().x(); vp.Height = (float)w->getSize().y(); con->RSSetViewports(1, &vp);

15. Rendering The World One Object At A Time

16. Render Processes //Before each new frame glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); //Draw an object (more about this later) glDrawArrays(prim, offset, size); //Flip the back buffer (finish the frame) SwapBuffers(hdc); //Before each new frame con->ClearRenderTargetView(backbuffer, D3DXCOLOR(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f)); con->ClearDepthStencilView(depthBuffer, D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH, 1.0f, 0); //Bind Primitives (more about this later) con->IASetPrimitiveTopology(_dxTranPrim(p.pte)); //Draw an object (more about this later) con->Draw(size, offset); //Flip the back buffer (finish the frame) swap->Present(0, 0);

17. Setting Up Full Screen Mode if (b) { SetWindowLongPtr(wh, GWL_STYLE, WS_SYSMENU | WS_POPUP | WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_VISIBLE); SetWindowPos(wh, HWND_TOP, 0, 0, window->getSize().x(), window->getSize().y(), SWP_FRAMECHANGED); DEVMODE dmScreenSettings; memset(&dmScreenSettings,0,sizeof(dmScreenSettings)); dmScreenSettings.dmSize=sizeof(dmScreenSettings); dmScreenSettings.dmPelsWidth = window->getSize().x(); dmScreenSettings.dmPelsHeight= window->getSize().y(); dmScreenSettings.dmBitsPerPel = 32; dmScreenSettings.dmFields=DM_BITSPERPEL |DM_PELSWIDTH|DM_PELSHEIGHT; window->showWindow(true); ShowCursor(FALSE); } else { SetWindowLongPtr(wh, GWL_STYLE, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE); SetWindowPos(wh,HWND_TOP,0, 0,window->getSize().x(), window->getSize().y(), SWP_FRAMECHANGED); window->showWindow(true); ShowCursor(TRUE); } swap->SetFullscreenState(b, 0);

18. Releasing The Render Systems wglMakeCurrent(0,0); wglDeleteContext(context); ReleaseDC(wh,hdc); swap->SetFullscreenState(false, 0); swap->Release(); backbuffer->Release(); depthBuffer->Release(); dev->Release(); con->Release();

19. Checking For Errors auto er = glGetError(); if(er != GL_NO_ERROR) { //Error resolution } auto er = dev->CreateRenderTargetView(bb, 0, &backbuffer)); if(FAILED(er)) { //Error resolution }

20. To Do Continue work on engine enhancement Read this week’s lab Read this week’s notes Re-implement OpenGL Device functions