1. Instructions

2. Usable instructions IDG's Dummies guides reveals how most of us feel when we read instructions: like dummies. We read and reread complex sentences, we flip back and forth between pages to relate a picture to a certain point in the text, we scratch our heads and (cursing) fling the book against the wall on the other side of the room.

3. Parts of a procedure u Introduction Explain purpose Describe when applicable u Instruction steps Give steps, results, and required visuals u Optional section Troubleshooting or additional tips u NO conclusion

4. Chunk the text u Group the text into complete actions –Use headings to break the text up –Keep the user oriented u Chunks come from the task analysis u Think of hierarchy of actions

5. Give results u Tell the user what the step will accomplish. How can they tell it has completed properly u Write in terms of Action/Result u Example Action: Set the CP-3 valve switch to OPEN. Result: The valve indicator light turns red.

6. Use expected actions u Use menus and mouse clicks. Don’t user expert/power user short cuts. u Be consistent in terms.

7. Writing instructions u Use imperative mood (commands) –First word is an action verb u Examples –Turn the knob to 5 –NOT: Then you should turn the knob to 5 –Set the switch to ON –NOT: The switch should now be turned ON

8. Writing instructions u Conditional clauses go first –People read and act in text order u Example –After the light turns red, set the switch to 7. –NOT: Set the switch to 7 after the light turns red. –NOT: Click on Format Text Box while using the right mouse key

9. Each step stands alone u Write the step so it stands alone. u Do not use phrases such as “next,” or “then”. u Example: 3. Next click on the drive... 6. Then set the blue lever to...

10. Supporting text u Requirements go up front, not with steps –Tool lists –When to accomplish the instructions –Prerequisites for the instructions u Step 7 is not the time to find out a special wrench is needed to remove the part.

11. Supporting text u What does pressing shift do? Does the user need to press shift?

12. End