2. Objectives Know the different types of microphones and the context in which they are used in.

3. How they work

4. Dynamic and Condenser DynamicCondenser Paper diaphragmGold leaf diaphragm Robust mic – can occasionally be dropped without ill effects Also known as capacitor microphones Generally used for live performancesBecause of gold leaf diaphragm, +48 volts is required to boost the signal. Can cope with high sound pressureThis is known as phantom power. Does not respond well above 16 kHz (dependant on make and model) Better build quality so are more expensive. Not so good at picking up sounds further away from mic. Tend to be used for studio recording or ambient recording.

5. Other types of microphones Black-electric – Like condenser mics but contains a battery to supply the +48V (they can also take the phantom power as well though) Boundary – Used for capturing sound over a large area including the rebounding sound off walls. (omni directional) Ribbon – Like a dynamic mic but amplified by a transformer designed for the mic. Contact – Mics that need to be in direct contact with the sauce. Such as pickups used in guitars.

6. Polar patterns Important to know which way to point the microphone. Three main polar patterns – omnidirectional, unidirectional (or cardioid) and figure of 8.

7. Omnidirectional

8. Unidirectional (cardioid)

9. Figure of 8

10. Hypercardioid

11. Shure SM58 Cardioid Dynamic Commonly used for live vocals Frequency response from 50 Hz to 15 kHz

12. Shure PG56 Cardioid Dynamic Commonly used for bass drums

13. AKG C 430 Cardioid Condenser Commonly used for overhead recording and cymbals Frequency response from 20 Hz to 20 kHz

14. AKG C1000S Cardioid, hypercardioid (with PPC 1000 mounted) Condenser Used for all kinds of live recording and ambient recording Frequency response from 50 Hz to 20 kHz