1. Heart and Lungs

2. Cardiovascular System (Heart)
Delivers essential materials to body cells and removes waste materials from the cells. Also known as the circulatory system.
Pulmonary System (Lungs)
The system that consists of the organs that provide the body with a continuous supply of oxygen and rid the body of carbon dioxide.

3. What does the Circulatory System transport?
Hormones: From the glands help to regulate the body’s function
Oxygen: From the lungs is combined with nutrients to make energy
Nutrients: From the digestive system provides food for the cells
Immune Cells: Provide protection from infection and disease
Waste: Byproducts of energy making must be removed by liver and kidneys
Carbon Dioxide: Waste gas that is removed by the lungs

4. Parts of the Circulatory System
Heart: Pumps blood throughout the body
Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart
Veins: Carry blood to the heart
Capillaries: Bring blood to the cells from arteries / exchange gasses, nutrients, and waste / take blood to the veins

5. The Heart Aorta Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Vein
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Inferior Vena Cava

6. The Heart

7. The Blood The blood has 4 main components:
Plasma: Liquid part of the blood, makes up about 92 % of blood
Transports blood cells, nutrients, hormones and other materials
Red Blood Cells: Carry oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away
White Blood Cells: Fight off disease and infection by attacking bacteria and viruses that enter the body
Platelets: Help the blood clot which seals cuts and prevents blood loss from a wound

8. Let’s Review!!!
In your notes write a test question (multiple choice, fill in the blank, short answer) based on the information we have learned so far about the circulatory system

9. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Problem
Description
Treatment / Prevention
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Having a higher than normal blood pressure (110 / 70) for a long time. Can lead to heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure.
Reduce stress / change in diet to reduce salt, fat, and cholesterol / Medication
Stroke
Lack of blood flow to a part of brain caused by a clot or blocked blood vessel. Will cause death of brain cells if clot stays in place
Same as hypertension
Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
Lack of blood flow to a part of the heart caused by a clot or blocked blood vessel. Will cause death of cardiac muscle and can cause heart to stop.
Arteriosclerosis
A hardening of the artery wall caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol

10. Medication / Radiation Transfusion of blood-clotting factors
Anemia
Lack of red blood cells or red blood cells that do not carry enough oxygen. Causes low energy levels and weakness.
Iron supplements
Mononucleosis
Viral infection causing a soar throat, swollen glands, and extreme fatigue
Bed rest
Leukemia
Cancer of the blood or bone marrow. The body produces large amounts of abnormal white blood cells
Medication / Radiation
Hemophilia
The blood does not clot properly resulting in excessive sometimes unstoppable bleeding.
Transfusion of blood-clotting factors

11. Mouth and Nose trap
dirt and clean the air.
Throat: has 2 passages, one for food and one for air
Trachea: Wind pipe, takes air to the lungs
Epiglottis: covers trachea when swallowing
Larynx: contains vocal cords
Lungs: Exchange blood gasses
Bronchi: connect trachea to lungs
Diaphragm: Large muscle that controls breathing

12. Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Vein
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Capillary

13. Caused by a virus: cough, runny nose, fever, aches Rest and fluids
Common Cold
Caused by a virus: cough, runny nose, fever, aches
Rest and fluids
Tuberculosis
Bacterial lung infection: dry cough and chest pain
Antibiotics
Allergies
Immune response to dust, animals, pollen, or other irritant. Sneezing, itchy eyes, runny nose
Antihistamines
Pneumonia
Lung infection: fever, chest pain, difficulty breathing
Bronchitis
Swelling of the bronchi: cough, fever, chest tightness
Rest
Asthma
Swelling of the bronchi: wheezing, shortness of breath
Inhaler to reduce swelling
Emphysema
Destroyed alveoli: difficulty breathing, often fatal
Oxygen mask to help breathing
Lung Caner
Destroyed alveoli: often caused by smoking
Surgery / transplant, Radiation, Chemotherapy