1. The GHS The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Classification and Labelling of Chemicals Basic Course

2. 1. Concept of the GHS 2. Hazard Classification 2.1 Physical Hazard Classification 2.2 Health and Environmental Hazard Classification 3. Labels and SDS 4. Situation of Chemical Management in Thailand Outline

3. 3. Labels and SDS 3.1 Labels 3.2 SDS

4. 4 What is harmonised? Labels Labels Safety Data Sheets Safety Data Sheets

5. 5 Target Groups & Sectors workplace including pesticides and pharmaceuticals workplace including pesticides and pharmaceuticals – labels and safety data sheets consumers consumers – labels transport transport – labels, placards, transport documents emergency responders emergency responders

6. 6 Labels  The Essential Elements  Symbols, Pictograms and colour  Signal words  Hazard statements  Precautionary information  Product identifiers/declaration of ingredients  Precedence of hazard

7. 7 Symbols in the GHS Standard symbol set used in the UN RTDG model regulations Standard symbol set used in the UN RTDG model regulations Fish and tree symbol for environmental hazard Fish and tree symbol for environmental hazard Exclamation mark for “low level” health hazard Exclamation mark for “low level” health hazard Human with crack in a body for chronic health hazard Human with crack in a body for chronic health hazard

8. 8 UNTDG Pictogram

9. 9 Flame (Flammable/ Self-reactive/ etc.) Flame over circle (Oxidizing/ Organic peroxide) Exploding bomb (Explosives/ Self-reactive/ etc.) Corrosion Gas cylinder (Compressed gases) Skull & crossbones (Acute toxicity) Exclamation Mark (Acute: lower level) Human (Chronic: higher lev) Environment (Aquatic toxicity) GHS Symbols

10. 10 Pictogram Shape & Colour Recommendation from ILO Group is that all pictograms should be in shape of a square set at a point (diamond) Recommendation from ILO Group is that all pictograms should be in shape of a square set at a point (diamond) For transport, pictograms will use the background and symbol colour specified in the UNRTDG Model regulations For transport, pictograms will use the background and symbol colour specified in the UNRTDG Model regulations For supply, pictograms will have a black symbol on a white background with a red frame For supply, pictograms will have a black symbol on a white background with a red frame

11. 11 GHS Pictogram Explosives Self-reactive subst. Organic peroxide Flammable substance Self-reactive substance Pyrophoric and self- heating substance Oxidizing substance Organic peroxides Compressed gas Skin corr. Eye corr. Corrosive to metal Environmental toxicity Acute toxicity Skin irrit. Eye irrit. Sensitization (Dermal) Sensitization (Respiratory) Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicity Target organ toxicity

12. 12 Some points on GHS Pictograms UNRTDG will cover the transport area as they have been. UNRTDG will cover the transport area as they have been. Competent authority may choose to give suppliers and employers discretion to use a black border for domestic use. Competent authority may choose to give suppliers and employers discretion to use a black border for domestic use. Competent authority may allow the use of UNRTDG pictograms in other use settings Competent authority may allow the use of UNRTDG pictograms in other use settings

13. 13 Signal Word “Danger” or “Warning” “Danger” or “Warning” Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate between hazard categories (level of hazard) Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate between hazard categories (level of hazard) e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 will require “Danger”, category 4 will require“Warning” e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 will require “Danger”, category 4 will require“Warning”

14. 14 Hazard Statements A single harmonised hazard statement for each hazard category within each hazard class A single harmonised hazard statement for each hazard category within each hazard class e.g. Flammable liquid - Category 1 - Category 1 “ Extremely flammable liquid and vapour ” “ Extremely flammable liquid and vapour ” - Category 2 - Category 2 “Highly flammable liquid and vapour” “Highly flammable liquid and vapour” - Category 3 - Category 3 “ Flammable liquid and vapour” “ Flammable liquid and vapour” - Category 4 - Category 4 “Combustible liquid” “Combustible liquid”

15. 15 Hazard Statements (cont.) e.g. Oral Acute Toxicity –category 1 “ Fatal if swallowed “ “ Fatal if swallowed “ –Category 2 “Fatal if swallowed ” “Fatal if swallowed ” –Category 3 “ Toxic if swallowed” “ Toxic if swallowed” –Category 4 “Harmful if swallowed” “Harmful if swallowed” –Category 5 “Maybe harmful if swallowed” “Maybe harmful if swallowed”

16. 16 Precautionary Statements GHS label should include appropriate precautionary information GHS label should include appropriate precautionary information The intent is to harmonise precautionary statements in the future The intent is to harmonise precautionary statements in the future

17. 17 Examples of Precautionary Pictograms From European Union (COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992)

18. 18 Product Identifier Name or number used for a hazardous product on a label or in the SDS. Name or number used for a hazardous product on a label or in the SDS. Unique means by which the substance or mixture can be identified within the particular use setting Unique means by which the substance or mixture can be identified within the particular use setting UN proper shipping name also to be used on the package when substance or mixture covered by the UN RTDG UN proper shipping name also to be used on the package when substance or mixture covered by the UN RTDG

19. 19 Precedence of hazard DANGERWARNING > Skin/Eye irritation > > >

20. 20 Declaration of Ingredients Substances Substances – chemical identity (name as determined by IUPAC, ISO, CAS or technical name) Mixtures Mixtures – chemical identities of all ingredients contributing to acute toxicity, skin or eye corrosion, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, skin or respiratory sensitisation or TOST Competent authority rules for CBI take priority Competent authority rules for CBI take priority

21. 21 Confidential Business Information Competent authorities should establish appropriate mechanisms for CBI protection. CBI will not be harmonized under the GHS. Competent authorities should establish appropriate mechanisms for CBI protection. CBI will not be harmonized under the GHS. The provisions for CBI protection should not compromise the health and safety of users. The provisions for CBI protection should not compromise the health and safety of users. CBI claims should be limited to the names of chemicals and their concentrations in mixtures. CBI claims should be limited to the names of chemicals and their concentrations in mixtures. Mechanisms should be established for disclosure in emergency and non-emergency situations. Mechanisms should be established for disclosure in emergency and non-emergency situations.

22. 22 Other (Non-GHS) Information Supplemental information Supplemental information Competent authority may choose to specify where information should appear on the label or allow supplier discretion Competent authority may choose to specify where information should appear on the label or allow supplier discretion Must not impede identification of GHS information Must not impede identification of GHS information

23. 23 Allocation of Label Elements Example : Acute Toxicity (Oral) No Symbol Warning May be harmful if swallowed Warning Harmful if Swallowed Danger Toxic if swallowed Danger Fatal if swallowed Danger Fatal if swallowed Category 5Category 4 Category 3Category 2Category 1

24. 24 Allocation of Label Elements (cont.) Example : Skin Corrosion/Irritation No Symbol Warning Causes mild skin irritation Warning Causes skin irritation Danger Causes severe skin burns and eye damage Danger Causes severe skin burns and eye damage Danger Causes severe skin burns and eye damage Category 3Category 2Category 1CCategory 1BCategory 1A

25. 25 Building Block Approach (1) Category 1Category 2Category 3Category 4Category 5 Danger Fatal if swallowed Danger Fatal if swallowed Danger Toxic if swallowed Warning Harmful if Swallowed No Symbol Warning May be harmful if swallowed Not required under the TDG/MR Example : Acute Toxicity (Oral)

26. 26 Building Block Approach (2) Unstable/ Division 1.1 Division 1.2 Division 1.3 Division 1.4 Division 1.5 Division 1.6 Danger Explosive ; mass explosion hazard Danger Explosive; severe projection hazard Danger Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard 1.4 * Warning Fire or projection hazard 1.5 * Warning May explode in fire 1.6 * Example : Explosives

27. 27 United Nations Co., Ltd. 1-1, Peace Ave., Geneva Switzerland Tel. 41 22 917 00 00 Fax. 41 22 917 00 00 Precautionary statements: ・ Keep out of reach of children. ・ Keep container tightly closed. ・ Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. ・ Wear eye/face protection. ・ Wear protective gloves/clothing. ・ Wear respiratory protection, as specified by the manufacturer. ・ Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. ・ Use appropriate ventilation. ・ Wash thoroughly after handling. Hazard statements: ・ Toxic if swallowed ・ Toxic in contact with skin ・ Fatal if inhaled ・ May cause an allergic skin reaction. ・ May cause genetic defects. ・ May cause cancer ・ Cause severe skin burns and eye damage ・ Cause serious eye irritation ・ Toxic to aquatic life ＤＡＮＧＥＲ Epichlohydrin 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane CAS No. 106-89-8 UN No. 2023 Supplier identification Precautionary statements Hazard statements Signal word Pictogram EPICHLOROHYDRIN Examp le of label compo nent Product identifier

28. 28 Safety Data Sheet Primarily workplace use Primarily workplace use 16 heading format agreed 16 heading format agreed Minimum additional information specified, where applicable or available, under the relevant headings Minimum additional information specified, where applicable or available, under the relevant headings

29. 29 Criteria for SDS production For all substances and mixtures which meet the harmonized criteria for physical, health or environmental hazards under the GHS For all substances and mixtures which meet the harmonized criteria for physical, health or environmental hazards under the GHS

30. 30 Cut off values/Concentration limits for health and environmental hazard class ≥ 1.0Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment ≥ 1.0Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Repeat Exp.) ≥ 1.0Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Single Exp.) ≥ 0.1Reproductive Toxicity ≥ 0.1Carcinogenicity ≥ 1.0Mutagenicity: Category2 ≥ 0.1Mutagenicity: Category1 ≥ 1.0Respiratory/Skin sensitization ≥ 1.0Serious damage to eyes/eye irritation ≥ 1.0Skin Corrosion/Irritation ≥ 1.0Acute Toxicity Cut-off value /Concentration limit Hazard class

31. 31 SDS 16 Headings  Identification.  Hazard(s) identification.  Composition/information on ingredients.  First-aid measures.  Fire-fighting measures.  Accidental release measures.  Handling and storage.  Exposure controls/personal protection.

32. 32 SDS 16 Headings (cont.)  Physical and chemical properties.  Stability and reactivity.  Toxicological information.  Ecological information.  Disposal considerations.  Transport information.  Regulatory information.  Other information.

33. 33 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (1) 1Identification of the substance or mixture and of the supplier ・ GHS product identifier. ・ Other means of identification. ・ Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use. ・ Supplier’s details (including name, address, phone number etc). ・ Emergency phone number. 2Hazards identification ・ GHS classification of the substance/mixture and any national or regional information. ・ GHS label elements, including precautionary statements. Other hazards which do not result in classification or are not covered by the GHS.

34. 34 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (2) 3Composition/information on ingredients Substance ・ Chemical identity. ・ Common name, synonyms, etc. ・ CAS number, other unique number,etc. ・ Impurities and stabilizing additives which are themselves classified and which contribute to the classification of the substance. Mixture The chemical identity and concentration or concentration ranges of all ingredients which are hazardous within the meaning of the GHS and are present above their cut-off levels.

35. 35 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (3) 4 First aid measures ・ Description of necessary measures, subdivided according to the different routes of exposure, i.e. inhalation, skin and eye contact and ingestion. ・ Most important symptoms/effects,acute and delayed. ・ Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary. 5Fire-fighting measures ・ Suitable (and unsuitable) extinguishing media. ・ Specific hazards arising from the chemical (e.g. nature of any hazardous combustion products). ・ Special protective equipment and precautions for firefighters.

36. 36 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (4) 6Accidental release measures ・ Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures. ・ Environmental precautions. ・ Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up 7Handling and storage ・ Precautions for safe handling. ・ Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities. 8Exposure controls/personal protection. ・ Control parameters e.g. occupational exposure limit values or biological limit values. ・ Appropriate engineering controls. ・ Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment.

37. 37 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (5) 9Physical and chemical properties ・ Appearance (physical state, colour). ・ Viscosity ・ Odour threshold. ・ PH. ・ Melting point/freezing point. ・ Initial boiling point and boiling range. ・ Flash point. ・ Evaporation rate. ・ Flammability (solid, gas). ・ Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits. ・ Vapour pressure. ・ Vapour density. ・ Relative density. ・ Solubility(ies). ・ Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water. ・ Auto-ignition temperature. ・ Decomposition temperature.

38. 38 Characteristics of the 11 chemicals (Physical Data)

39. 39 Physical Data Boiling Point -The temperature at which a liquid turns to a vapour

40. 40 Freezing Point - Temperature at which the liquid form of a chemical will turn into the solid form Melting Point - Temperature at which the solid form of a chemical will turn into the liquid form Vapour pressure - The higher the vapour pressure,the more rapidly the material will change from liquid form to o vapour when released to the environment.

41. 41 Vapour pressure The amount of released harmful vapors in based on the chemical’s vapor pressure. The greater the vapor pressure, the greater the yield of hazardous vapors. Acetone will give off more vapors then gasoline. Sulfuric acid has a low vapor pressure and gives off little vapor.

42. 42 Vapour density - Density of a gas compared to the density of air

43. 43 Specific gravity - density of a chemical compared to the density of water. If the specific gravity is less than one, the chemical will float on water. If the specific gravity is greater than one, the chemical will sink.

44. 44

45. 45 Fire and Explosion Data.

46. 46 Health Hazard Information

47. 47 Water solubility of a chemical the quantity of a chemical that will mix with or dissolve in water. Helps to determine many of its toxic effects on living tissues / Chemicals that are very water soluble, lead to cellular injury.

48. 48 Liquid - gas ratios. The volume of gas produced by the vaporization of a given volume of liquid. The volume of gas produced is always greater than the volume of liquid before vaporization.

49. 49 The expansion ratio of a chemical helps to determine the extent of hazard that the chemical poses. Different chemicals have different expansion ratios. Liquified gases and cryogenics have the greatest

50. 50 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (6) 10Stability and reactivity ・ Chemical stability. ・ Possibility of hazardous reactions. ・ Conditions to avoid (e.g. static discharge, shock or vibration). discharge, shock or vibration). ・ Incompatible materials. ・ Hazardous decomposition products. 11Toxicological information ・ information on the likely routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, skin exposure (inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact); and eye contact); ・ Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological chemical and toxicological characteristics; characteristics; ・ Delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short- and also chronic effects from short- and long-term exposure; long-term exposure; ・ Numerical measures of toxicity (such as acute toxicity estimates). as acute toxicity estimates).

51. 51 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (7) 12Ecological information ・ Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial, where available). where available). ・ Persistence and degradability. ・ Bioaccumulative potential. ・ Mobility in soil. ・ Other adverse effects. 13Disposal considerations ・ Description of waste residues and information on their safe handling and information on their safe handling and methods of disposal, including the methods of disposal, including the disposal of any contaminated packaging. disposal of any contaminated packaging.

52. 52 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (8) 14Transport information ・ UN number. ・ UN Proper shipping name. ・ Transport Hazard class(es). ・ Packing group, if applicable. ・ Marine pollutant (Yes/No). ・ Special precautions which a user needs to be aware of or needs to comply with to be aware of or needs to comply with in connection with transport or in connection with transport or conveyance either within or outside their conveyance either within or outside their premises. premises.

53. 53 Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (9) 15Regulatory information ・ Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in regulations specific for the product in question. question. 16 Other information Including information on preparation and revision of the SDS ・ References, etc.

54. 54 Label - Examples Transportation and Workplace Plastic drum

55. 55 Label - Examples Transportation and Workplace Paper box

56. 56 Label - Examples Workplace Paper box