1. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 1 Drive Safe Driving Safely ‘’LTS GZ’’

2. Tires Main Functions Tires perform four important functions with the assistance of the air contained within them: Support the vehicle chassis off the ground. Help absorb shocks from the road surface. Help transmit traction and braking forces to the road surface. Finally, they help change and maintain the direction of travel. Tires are the single most important item you will buy for your vehicle. They significantly affect the safety and the handling of your vehicle.

3. 04 September 2015 3 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Date of manufacturing Maximum inflating pressure Traction Tread wear Maximum load capacity per tire Speed Rating Temperature resistance Tire size

4. Tire Tips

5. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 5 Yes TIRES Do expire Did you know that tires expire 4 years after the date of manufacture and this date is stamped on the side of the tire?

6. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 6 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES It is very easy to find out what the expiration date is on a tire, if you check on the side of it, you will have a 4 digit number stamped on it, this number indicates the week and the year it was manufactured, the expiration date will be 4 years later. TIRE AGE - Tires carry a three or four digit age code on the sidewall. 3 Digit code indicating the month and year of manuf. For example 129 means the tyre was manufactured in December 1999. 4 Digit code identifies the week and year of manuf. The first two figures identify the week, the second two figures represent the year. For example, “1702" represents the 17th week of 2002

7. 04 September 2015 7 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES This number indicates that the tire was manufactured on the 7 th week of 2007 or which is the same February 2007, that would place the expiration date on February 2011 0 7 7 th week of the year “February” Year of manufacture 2007

8. 04 September 2015 8 TRACTION Traction is a tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement. A higher graded tire should allow you to stop your vehicle on a wet road in a shorter distance than a tire with lower grade. Traction is graded from highest to lowest as ”AA”, “A”, “B” and “C”

9. 04 September 2015 9 TREADWEAR This number will give you the rate at which the tire wears out, the higher the treadwear the longer it should take for the tire to wear out. Hence, a tire graded at 400 should last twice as long as a tire graded at 200

10. Useful tire info. TREAD WEAR – is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled condition example, a tire graded150 would wear one and a half (1 1/2) times as well as a tire graded 100. TRACTION - Grades AA, A, B, C represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement. A tire marked C will have the lowest traction performance. TEMPERATURE – Grade A, B, & C The temperature grades A, B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat. Example

11. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 11 TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE Simbolo SymbolArea A Hot area Area Caliente B Normal Area Area Normal C Cold Area Area Fria The letters will indicate a tire’s resistance to heat. Tires are rated from highest to lowest resistance as A, B or C

12. 04 September 2015 12 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Another important point that we miss many times is proper tire inflation most of the gas stations in Nigeria will calibrate your tires at 40 PSI and if you are going to travel some will even in many cases bring the pressure down to below 40 PSI because they will “heat up on the highway and the pressure will come back up”. DO NOT ALLOW THIS

13. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 13 Low Pressure is Dangerous Lower pressure increases tire heat, infrared photography of tires tested at high speed damaging heat increases as pressure drops.

14. Low Pressure - statistics 90% of all vehicles have at least one tire under inflated. A tire will lose 1 pound of air pressure for every 5°C temperature drop. Tires breathe, releasing about 1 pound of pressure per month. A tire that is 20% under inflated will reduce tire life by 30% & increase fuel consumption by 7%. A tire that is 30% under inflated will reduce tire life by 50%. A very soft tire will generate enough heat to melt and explode at high speeds!

15. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 15 Overloading the Tire Another important point to consider is the load we put on our tires, many times we overload our vehicles without paying any attention to the strain this puts on our tires, exceeding the maximum load rating on a tire may also lead to tire failure and could result in an accident.

16. 04 September 2015 16 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Attached table shows the load index and maximum load carrying capacity per tire in pounds and kilograms.

19. Tire Care Wheel Alignment – Alignment generally refers to the adjustment of a vehicle's front and rear suspension parts. Poor wheel alignment causes Difficult vehicle handling Accelerate tires wear. When to check Wheel Alignment You notice different handling of your vehicle You have hit something (kerb, pot holes etc) You see a wear pattern developing on the shoulders of the tires. Wheel Balance – out of balance wheels causes reduce in drive control. check whenever you feel vibration to the steering.

20. Tire Care ROTATION – Regular rotation of tires help prolong your tire life by achieving uniform wear. (2 Wheel Drive) It is recommended to rotate your tire every 10000 – 12000 km. or as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.

21. Tire Care ROTATION – Regular rotation of tires help prolong your tire life by achieving uniform wear. (4 wheel Drive) It is recommended to rotate your tire every 10000 – 12000 km. or as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.

22. Tire Care TREAD – Advanced and unusual tread wear can reduce the ability of tread to grip the road. Visually inspect your tire for uneven wear change as necessary.

23. When to change your tires When the Tread is worn down to 1.6mm You see cord or fabric showing through the tire's rubber. The tread or sidewall is cracked, cut deep enough to show cord or fabric. The tire has a bulge or split. The tire has a puncture, cut or other damage that can't be repaired well because of the size or location of the damage. When it is more than. 4yrs old

24. 04 September 2015 24 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Most of us operate motor vehicles on a daily basis and hardly ever pay any attention to one of the most vital parts of the vehicle which are our tires.

25. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 25 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Unfortunately very few of us change this bad habit until it is too late.

26. 04 September 2015 26 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES If we use expired tires these are likely to burst and result in a very serious or even a fatal accident, it would be a good practice for us to check our tires and make sure they have not passed their expiration date

27. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 27 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES On the side of the tire, you will also find the maximum allowable inflating pressure for that specific tire, some tires have a maximum pressure of 32 PSI some are rated at 44PSI and some even at 50 PSI. Check your specific tire to see what the maximum pressure is for your tires, it is an acceptable practice to have your tires a few pounds below maximum allowable pressure but not too much.

28. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 28 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Many of us have bought tires in the past and when they ask us the size of the tires we just read it from the old tire and give them to the person at the tire shop but, what do those numbers mean?

29. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 29 Think Safety PURPOSE LIFE Family's Unfortunately the majority of people purchase tires based on price instead of PURPOSE. As in most cases, you get what you pay for. So think about how much would you pay for your LIFE, or your Family's.

30. 04 September 201504 September 201504 September 2015 30 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Load index 109 maximum load capacity 2271 lbs 1030 kg.

31. 04 September 2015 31 WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TIRES Different tires are designed for different pressures you will find your maximum tire inflation pressure on a small number next to the rim on the side of the tire, never exceed this pressure MAX PRESSACCEPTABLE 32 PSI28 PSI 44 PSI35 PSI 50 PSI44 PSI MAX PRESSACCEPTABLE 32 PSI28 PSI 44 PSI35 PSI 50 PSI44 PSI (44 psi) MAX PRESS