1. The Integumentary System
SKIN
HAIR
NAILS

4. Skin Diagram
Draw and color a cross-section diagram of the skin. Label and briefly describe each of the following structures:
Epidermis Artery
Dermis Vein
Subcutaneous fascia Hair follicle
Sebaceous gland Hair shaft
Sudoriferous gland Arrector pili muscle
Nerve Pores

5. Sebaceous (oil) gland
Pore
Hair
Epidermis
Sudoriferous (sweat) gland
Dermis
Nerve
Sub-cutaneous fascia
Artery
Hair follicle
Arrector pilli muscle
Vein

7. Functions of the Skin Protection - From ultraviolet rays and pathogens
- Holds moisture in
Sensory Perception
- Pain, pressure, temperature, and touch
Body Temperature Regulation
- Blood vessels dilate to release heat and
constrict to conserve heat
- Cool body through evaporation of sweat

8. Storage
- Fat, glucose, water, vitamins, and salts
Absorption
- Some medications
Excretion
- Salt, excess water, and some wastes eliminated through the sweat
Production
- Produces Vitamin D

9. Pigmentation Melanin: a brownish-black pigment
Carotene: a yellowish-red pigment
* The amounts of these two pigments determine a person’s skin color

10. Abnormal Colors of the Skin
Albino : the absence of pigmentation
Erythema : reddish color of skin
Jaundice : yellow discoloration of skin

11. Cyanosis : a bluish discoloration of the skin due to a lack of oxygen

12. Skin Eruptions
Macules : flat spots on the skin

13. Papules : firm raised areas
Vesicles : fluid-filled sacs or blisters

14. Pustules : pus-filled sacs
Crusts : areas of dried pus and blood (scabs)

15. Wheals : itchy, elevated areas with an irregular shape
Ulcer : a deep loss of skin surface

16. Decubitus Ulcers (Bedsores)
Open sores in the skin and underlying tissues due to pressure over a bony area
Cuts off the blood supply and the tissue dies

17. Diseases Acne : an inflammation of the sebaceous glands
- Caused by a blockage of the hair follicles with dirt, cosmetics, excess oil, and/or bacteria

18. Alopecia : baldness; a permanent loss of hair on the scalp

19. Verrucae : rough, hard, elevated, rounded surface forms on the skin - warts
- Caused by a viral infection of the skin

20. Skin Cancers :
- Forms that are usually localized – don’t spread to other areas of body
Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma

21. Skin Cancers
Form that CAN spread to other parts of the body and be fatal
Malignant Melanoma

22. Signs of Malignant Melanoma
Asymmetrical in shape
Borders of lesion are scalloped or irregular
Colors are varied – black, brown, white, red
Diameter is larger than a pencil eraser