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Popular Styles in Jazz since the Swing Era Chapter 9.

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Presentation on theme: "Popular Styles in Jazz since the Swing Era Chapter 9."— Presentation transcript:

1 Popular Styles in Jazz since the Swing Era Chapter 9

2 Introduction Jazz musicians began to experiment with more complex, often less danceable rhythms Because this new brand of music was more difficult, if not impossible to dance to, the mainstream public lost interest and jazz became a “high art”

3 Bebop Named after scat syllables Pioneered by John “Dizzy” Gillespie and Charlie Parker

4 Dizzy Gillespie 1917 trumpet born South Carolina http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvIXze DLpMwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvIXze DLpMw

5 Charlie Parker 1920 Saxophone Born Kansas City Both moved to New York and formed a quintet together

6 Characteristics of Bebop Smaller ensembles Music became more abstract Tempos sped up or slowed down Too fast/slow to dance to More interesting chord progressions and modulations Melodies were usually complex lines made of eighth notes

7 Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gilliespie- Koko http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okrNwE 6GI70 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okrNwE 6GI70

8 Popular Styles in Jazz since the Swing Era Birth of Cool Jazz

9 Claude Thornhill leader of Claude Thornhill Orchestra Gil Evans + Gerry Mulligan - arrangers Frequently used French horns and tuba Miles Davis was recruited to lead the band

10 Miles Davis 1926 Trumpet Released The Birth of the Cool – met with little popular appeal at first but has turned out to be a tremendously influential album Video 25 minutes long http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vq o3DRwlFO4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vq o3DRwlFO4

11 The Miles Davis Quintet 00:00 to 10:40 - So What (composed by Miles Davis from the album Kind Of Blue)00:0010:40 Miles Davis with the Gil Evans Orchestra 10:41 tp 14:04 - The Duke (composed by Dave Brubeck from the album Miles Ahead)10:4114:04 14:05 to 19:57 - Blues For Pablo (composed by Gil Evans from the album Miles Ahead)14:0519:57 19:58 to 24:21 - New Rhumba (composed by Ahmad Jamal from the album Miles Ahead)19:5824:21

12 Characteristics of Cool Jazz Lighter tone quality Cool, detached sound quality

13 Cool Jazz turned out to be a hit with college-age youth in the early 1950’s it combined a soft unimposing sound with intellectual content allowed the consumer to contemplate it deeply or relegate it to the background without it being overwhelming because of this it found its way into coffee shops and bars near college campuses

14 Dave Brubeck - 1920 Piano Formed the Dave Brubeck quartet in 1951 Gained popularity by playing college campuses Two of his best known songs are in odd time signatures Take Five http://youtu.be/y9aG3wUrfrEhttp://youtu.be/y9aG3wUrfrE

15 Popular Styles in Jazz since the Swing Era Bossa Nova

16 Bossa Nova means new beat Pioneered by Stan Getz and Joao Gilberto – they released their first album together in 1963 Combination of Brazilian music and Jazz Specifically a combination of a slow samba and the complex chord progressions of bebop Brazilian music combines cultural roots of Portuguese, African and native South American inhabitants

17 Characteristics of bossa nova Lyrics are sophisticated and romantic Tempo and rhythmic feel is danceable Complex chord progressions Light tonal quality The Girl from Ipanema (Gilberto and Getz) http://youtu.be/UJkxFhFRFDA

18 Popular Styles in Jazz since the Swing Era Jazz Fusion, Free Jazz and Smooth Jazz

19 Jazz Fusion Blend of jazz and rock Notable practitioners Herbie Hancock http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4ASTMFN- h4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4ASTMFN- h4 Miles Davis http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrPQKH9n0bk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrPQKH9n0bk Josef Zawinul - “In A Silent Way” http://youtu.be/SqyepMYvUac http://youtu.be/SqyepMYvUac

20 Free Jazz Sounds dissonant and rambling to the average listener Spontaneous improvising Little or no regard for prescribed form, melody or chords Notable practitioner John Coltrane – tenor saxophone - 1926 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1xe7F DsQWYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1xe7F DsQWY

21 Smooth Jazz Soothing, romantic and classy Notable practitioners David Sanborn – saxophone – 1945 http://youtu.be/lsq5eWCRz0U http://youtu.be/lsq5eWCRz0U Kenny Gorelick – soprano saxophone – 1956 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUWy7XAOB NM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUWy7XAOB NM George Benson – guitar – 1943 http://youtu.be/5QjTK0pL1go http://youtu.be/5QjTK0pL1go Commercial music - has kept jazz alive to the larger public

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