1. Simple Layout Class 2 zzz 2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

2. Today’s Class Last week Create PCB library (footprint) Layout
Introduction
Create schematic library
Capture schematic
Create PCB library (footprint)
Layout
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

3. Through-hole Packages
SIP: single in-line packages
DIP: dual in-line packages
Through-hole package are old, their number decreased in modern design
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

4. SMD Packages Chip resistors, capacitors, inductors 0402, 0603, 0805, …
Represent size of the chip
0805 means 0.08” x 0.05” rectangle
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

5. SMD Packages SO: Small outline QFP: Quad flat package
Usually refer to IC with two rows of leads
QFP: Quad flat package
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

6. SMD Packages QFN: Quad flat package, no-leads
The packages we introduced just now are most commonly used
Device datasheet should include the package information
You will need it for PCB layout
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

7. SMD Packages BGA: Ball Grid Array PGA: Pin Grid Array
These two are widely used in high end processor. They allow more pin-out from a single package. We seldom use ICs in these package, it is too difficult to solder by hand
BGA: Ball Grid Array
PGA: Pin Grid Array
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

8. Why To Buy Various sources Online retailers Local distributors
Local distributors
These are probably two of the world largest online electronic components retailers. If the component you need cannot buy from these two sources, you might want to consider the other component!
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

9. Block Diagram Taroko Location node Regulator LM317L Taroko
Connector
3-Pin
Infrared
Connector
3-Pin
Infrared 6V
Taroko
Location node
3.3V
Regulator
LM317L
Taroko
Control node
3.3V
Battery
4 AA
6V output
Connector
3-Pin
Motor
Connector
3-Pin
Motor 6V
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

10. Components Battery connector: 2-pin, Regulator: LM317L, 8-pin SOIC
Resistor, capacitor
Taroko connector
Location node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin
Control node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin
Infrared connector: 3 pin
Motor connector: 3 pin
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

11. PCB Layout Software Process We are using “Altium Design 6”
There are many other software available
Process
Initial setup
Create schematic library
Capture schematic
Create PCB library
PCB layout
Output
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

12. PCB 1-layer board 2-layer board Multi-layer board
copper
1-layer board
2-layer board
copper
Multi-layer board
(Taroko is 4-layer board)
copper
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

13. Terminologies Top layer: copper on top
Top overlay: white marks on top layer
Top paste: paste mask on top layer
Top solder: solder mask on top layer
Keep out layer: defines the shape of the board
pads: holds the IC leads
vias: holes
Bottom layer: copper on bottom
Bottom overlay: white marks on Bottom layer
Bottom paste: paste mask on Bottom layer
Bottom solder: solder mask on Bottom layer
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

14. PCB Library
Once you have every component you need on the schematic library, you can start create PCB library
PCB library defines the footprint of the component
LM317L
AD7798
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

15. What Is Footprint AD7798 placed on the board
After finish the layout and get the PCB board. This is how it look like.
A footprint created in the software
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

16. Dimension Must follow the exact dimension
The basic idea is the footprint you defined can fits the chip
6.4mm
extra space for soldering
Must follow the exact dimension
Other wise the component cannot solder on the board
Leave some extra space for soldering
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

17. Simple Calculation
7.7mm
4mm
(0.3* 1.85) mm
These are pads, they use to hold the lead of the IC. You can define the length you want. You must leave some space for soldering
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

18. The Footprint You Need LM317L Regurator Power Connector (端子台)
SOIC 8 (Check datasheet)
Power Connector (端子台)
Pitch 5.08mm
Infrared proximity connector
Pitch 2.0 mm
Connector: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin, 3 pin
Pitch 2.54mm
Chip capacitor, resistor
0805
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

19. LM317L Physical Dimension
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

20. Create Footprint – By Wizard
By wizard (old version altium)
Tool -> IPC Footprint Wizard
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

21. Step 1
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Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

22. Check datasheet for correct number
Step 2
Check datasheet for correct number
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

23. Step 3 – No Need Thermal Pad
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Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

24. Step 4 – Use Default
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

25. Step 5 – Low Density
You can use large Toe Fillet, hand soldering will be easier
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

26. Use Default
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

27. Step 7 – Use Default
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

28. Give It A Name
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

29. SOIC-8 Footprint
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

30. X,Y Coordinate (0,5.2) 8 5 1 4 (0,0) (1.27,0) (2.54,0) (3.81,0)
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

31. Create Footprint Manual edit Place pads Place overlay The white mark
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

32. Power Connector Create Footprint 2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

33. Infrared Connector millimeters 2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

34. Copy Footprint Copy miscellaneous component’s footprints
In you are using Win 7
Copy “Miscellaneous Connectors.IntLib” and “Miscellaneous Devices.IntLib” to another directory
In C:\Program Files\Altium Designer 6\Library
Open and extract these two library
Copy following footprint
Miscellaneous Devices.PcbLib
2012[0805]
Miscellaneous Connectors.PcbLib
HDR1x2, HDR1x3, HDR2x3, HDR2x5
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

35. The Footprint You Need LM317L Regurator Power Connector (端子台)
SOIC 8 (Check datasheet)
Create by wizard
Power Connector (端子台)
Pitch 5.08mm
Manual create
Infrared proximity connector
Pitch 2.0 mm
Connector: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin, 3 pin
Pitch 2.54mm
Copy from miscellaneous component’s footprints
Chip capacitor, resistor
0805
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

36. Link Schematic Library And PCB Library
After create all the footprint need, linking with the schematic library
link schematic library and PCB library
Update schematic
Notes
Pins on the schematic library must map to the pins on PCB library, which is identical to real chip.
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

37. Pin To Pin Mapping
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Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

38. Pin To Pin Mapping
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

39. Check Schematic And Choose Footprint
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

40. Normal Procedure Is better to follow this one Procedure we took
Create component libraries in the PCB software
Schematic library
Capture schematic
Draw the circuit on the PCB software
Create PCB library
Link PCB and Schematic library
Update schematic
Choose footprint
Layout
Decide the shape of the board
Placing components
Make connections
Make the hardware board
Export layout to manufacturer output, send to PCB manufacturer
Home made PCB
Create component libraries in the PCB software
Schematic library
PCB library
Link PCB and Schematic library
Capture schematic
Draw the circuit on the PCB software
Choose footprint when you place components
Layout
Decide the shape of the board
Placing components
Make connections
Make the hardware board
Export layout to manufacturer output, send to PCB manufacturer
Home made PCB
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

41. Now Create your footprint Choose correct footprint Check schematic
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

42. Export to PCB
Compile the schematic and export the components to PCB design document
Compile
Project -> Compile Document xxxxx.SchDoc
Export the footprints to PCB
Design -> Update PCB Document xxxxx.PcbDoc
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

43. Environment And Keep-Out
Setup the layout environment and defines the keep out layer
Environment (optional)
(Right click) Option -> Board Options
Metric or Imperial
Snap grid
Define Keep-out
Define the shape of your PCB board
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

44. Component Placing Place the component 01 02
Component placing is important
Carefully place the component according to the signal path
Frequency used quick key
Dragging the component, press “space” to rotate
Dragging the component, press “l” to place at the other size
Place the bypass capacitor as close to the power pin as possible
01- find similar objects
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

45. Design Rules Editing design rules
It defines the rules that your PCB board must follow
Frequently used rules
Clearance – minimum distance between traces
Routing Width – minimum and maximum allowable trace width
Routing Vias – minimum and maximum via size (diameter and hold size)
At least you need to change “routing width”
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

46. PCB Layout Routing 01 02 03 04 My way
Route the power line first, route them at the edge
Make the track width wider for power line
Route the signal line on the top layer as much as you can
Make the bottom layer as a continuous ground plane
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

47. Place Some Signature Just for fun
You can put some text on the “Overlay layer”
Either “Top Overlay” or “Bottom Overlay”
Text can be
Team name
Members name
Date
Whatever you want
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

48. Design Rules Check (DRC)
This function check everything
According to the rules you setup
Run Design Rules Check (DRC)
If errors found, must fix it
Clearance Constraint
Broken-Net Constraint
Fix errors and run DRC again
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

49. Ground (GND) Polygon Pour
Polygon Pour is a large area of copper
Usually use for GND
Route signal on one side, place GND polygon pour on the other side
Connect every GND through a via to another side
Place GND polygon pour
And run DRC again
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

50. Fabrication Outputs Export the layout to fabrication outputs
Export Gerber files
Export NCdrill file
Pack all files in project output directory
Send these files to PCB manufacturer
wait for about 1.5 weeks
cost about NT4000 ~ NT6000
you will get a professional PCB board
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

51. Send Files Send me the whole project files Whole project directory
One layout for each team
Before next Friday (12/23)
I will check the files and send to manufacturer by Wednesday
2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011

52. Will it work? We’ll see 2011/12/16
Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011