1. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.1 Great BREAK Great Basin and Range Evolution and Kinematics June 21-23, 2004 Granlibakken Resort and Conference Center, Tahoe City, CA

2. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.2 Theme The Great Basin is a type location for the breaking apart of a continent. Earthscope will be setting a precedent for understanding such processes on a global scale.

3. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.3 Goals of GreatBREAK Prepare for EarthScope in the Great Basin Identify key questions in Basin and Range origin, development and deformation Explore interdisciplinary solutions - geologic, geodynamic, seismic, gravity, magnetotelluric, geochemical

4. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.4 ~85 smiling participants

6. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.6 Topical Breakout Sessions Breakout Theme A: Extensional tectonics on the largest scale –Why does the Sierra Nevada block move? –What is the cause of Great Basin high uplift? present high elevation? –What aspects of lithospheric rheology control Great Basin strength and deformation? Is it sufficient to consider the strength of the crust, or must problems consider integrated lithospheric strength? –What made the rheology as it is?

7. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.7 Thatcher, W., G.R. Foulger, J.B. R., J. Svarc, E. Quilty, and G.W. Bawden, Present-Day deformation across the Basin and Range province, western United States, SCIENCE, 283, 1714-1718, 1999. Bennett, R.A., B.P. Wernicke, N.A. Niemi, A.M. Friederich, and J.L. Davis, Contemporary strain rates in the northern Basin and Range province from GPS data, Tectonics, 22 (0278-7407/03/2001TC001355), 3-1 - 3-31, 2003.

8. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.8

9. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.9 Breakouts (continued) Breakout B: Rheology of the Mantle and its Relation to Current Tectonics; Why Are Some Parts of the Basin and Range More Active than Others –What does Great Basin deformation say about lithospheric rheology? –The role of fluids: Can magnetotellurics reduce non- uniqueness of mantle seismic models? Breakout C: What is the mantle and lower crust in the Great Basin doing now? –What are the relevant mantle processes? –How are the crust and mantle coupled? Sierra Nevada drip, delamination Mantle flow associated with the trailing edge of a subducting slab.

10. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.10 Which is stronger? What is the driving force? Decoupling of crust and upper mantle? Wesnousky presentation

11. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.11 Breakouts (continued) Breakout D: Contrasts between the Eastern and Western Great Basin –What are the geophysical similarities and differences between east and west? –Proterozoic basement underlies the E. B&R, Paleozoic/Mesozoic accreted terrain beneath the west. Where is the boundary? How do older terrain boundaries contribute? –What drives seismicity east of the Wasatch Front?

12. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.12 Phil Wannamaker Magnetotelluric methods complement deep seismic tomography.

13. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.13 Breakouts (Continued) Breakout E: How do faults behave over time? Do they turn on and off, speed up – slow down? If so, why? –Discrepancies between geodetic, geologic, and seismic rates of strain accumulation –Geological study will be needed –Dating and mapping facilities are needed (e.g., the GeoPBO white paper) Breakout G: Walker Lane. –When did it start? –How does the crust accommodate simultaneous extension and strike-slip deformation in the Walker Lane?

14. Jim Faulds Walker Lane as a developing plate boundary Steve Wesnousky 20%

15. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.15 Breakouts (Continued) Breakout F: Relations of Economic Resources to Tectonics (Structure, Magmatism, Fluid and Heat Flow) –Large-scale controls on Eocene mineralization - Carlin Au (NNW) and porphyry Cu-Au-Mo (EW) –Industry collaborations could be mutually beneficial.

16. Greg Arehart Shallow expression of deep- seated processes: relate to resources

17. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.17 Breakouts (Continued) Breakout H: Seismic and Geophysical Methods, Crust and Mantle –Three projects in sub-disciplinary self- organization. Promote the use of legacy data and models. Develop a test site or proving ground Immediate need for a community modeling environment (CME).

18. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.18 Desired Legacy Discovery Community Earth model –Collaboration with SCEC Invigorated Earth science community (SCEC model) Scientific understanding of the evolution of the plate boundary and resources (in the broadest sense) in the Great Basin. GreatBREAK web site (report, science presentations: –www.seismo.unr.edu/greatbreak

19. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.19 Look forward to surprises…

20. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.20 Smith et al, 2004 Example of discovery, first shown at GREATBREAK 30 km0 27-32 km

21. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.21 Ingredients for Successful Science Integration (Tom Jordan presentation, lessons drawn from SCEC successes) Problem focus –Regional tectonics & hazards Common objectives –Community data products & models Community identity & organization –History of collaboration, interactive working groups Collaboratory infrastructure –Code validation, standardization of products Regular forums for assessing progress –Workshops, annual meeting Funding –To support collaboration/collaboratory activities

22. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.22 The voyage to understanding… it’s a slow trip

23. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.23

24. Teacher Workshops Las Vegas/Reno Sumatra earthquake Bishop Manogue High School Station. Sensor Vault Installation 6/04 Nevada K-12 Seismology Program

25. EarthScope North Rockies Glenn Biasi 9/16-18/2005 p.25 Karl Karlstrom