1. Dunrenton Ranch LLC Josh, Niki, Nicole, Mark, Jordan, Brennan and John

2. Overview Family owned farm since 1953 Family owned farm since 1953 102 Milking Cows 102 Milking Cows 12 Brown Swiss 90 Holstein 12 Brown Swiss 90 Holstein 16 Dry Cows 16 Dry Cows Milk 2x Milk 2x Double 5 Herringbone parlor Double 5 Herringbone parlor Non BST herd Non BST herd Raise heifers on farm Raise heifers on farm

3. Overview Farm on about 700-900 acres Farm on about 700-900 acres This is down from 1200 acres This is down from 1200 acres Own 550 acres Own 550 acres Grow oats, barley, triticale Grow oats, barley, triticale Not as profitable to grow their own Not as profitable to grow their own It only costs them $.03/d more to buy their feed It only costs them $.03/d more to buy their feed Feeding partial mixed ration and free choice alfalfa hay Feeding partial mixed ration and free choice alfalfa hay

4. Overview Employees Employees Four family members work full time Four family members work full time Four part time employees Four part time employees

5. Personal Goals Keep doing what they are doing Keep doing what they are doing “Stay above water” “Stay above water” Maybe make a few adjustments Maybe make a few adjustments Would like to market cows more Would like to market cows more Have more excellent scores in their herd Have more excellent scores in their herd Not interested in expansion Not interested in expansion

6. Strengths Reproduction Reproduction Somatic Cell Count Somatic Cell Count Milk Components Milk Components Cow Comfort Cow Comfort Cleanliness and Organized Cleanliness and Organized

7. Reproduction Benchmarks DunrentonWashington Avg. Days Open 125160 DIM 1 st Breeding 7993 Pregnancy Rate 31%>20% S/C1.922.56 Heat Detection 53%54% Calving Interval 13.9 mo 14.5 mo

8. Reproduction Excellent on Dunrenton Ranch Excellent on Dunrenton Ranch Trends moving in right direction Trends moving in right direction Keep doing what you are doing Keep doing what you are doing

9. Somatic Cell Counts Low SCC last test date was at 76,000 Low SCC last test date was at 76,000 Bonus levels at 200,000 and 100,000 Bonus levels at 200,000 and 100,000 Making $1.00 per CWT more in bonus Making $1.00 per CWT more in bonus Previous numbers Previous numbers Good herd health?? Good herd health??

11. Milk Components Fat levels Fat levels 3.58% fat for last test day which is above average 3.58% fat for last test day which is above average However lower than previous ones However lower than previous ones Rolling Herd Average is 3.72 which is higher than state avg. Rolling Herd Average is 3.72 which is higher than state avg. Protein Protein Last test day was 3.11 which is also the rolling avg. Last test day was 3.11 which is also the rolling avg. State avg. is 2.99 State avg. is 2.99

12. Cow Comfort Clean cow pens Clean cow pens Chewing Cud Chewing Cud New free stalls New free stalls Fresh straw in all Fresh straw in all free stalls free stalls

13. Weaknesses Production Production Nutrition Nutrition Bunk space Bunk space Water Availability Water Availability Milk Fever Milk Fever Heifer Management Heifer Management

14. Production Benchmarks DunrentonWashington Rolling Herd Average 21,59923,646 Fat % 3.723.64 Protein % 3.102.99 Somatic Cell Count 166240

15. Possible Causes of Low production Cows are not eating correct ration Cows are not eating correct ration Overcrowding Overcrowding Cows are forced to eat to much free choice hay Cows are forced to eat to much free choice hay Amount fed is low Amount fed is low Cows may be running out of feed Cows may be running out of feed Not eating the ration Not eating the ration Not enough water to drive DMI Not enough water to drive DMI Low energy free choice hay is creating to much fill Low energy free choice hay is creating to much fill Cows are not fed correct ration Cows are not fed correct ration

16. Nutrition Overview Lactating herd feeding program Lactating herd feeding program Partial mixed ration Partial mixed ration Free choice hay Free choice hay High feed cost High feed cost $4.88/cow/day $4.88/cow/day Dry matter intake Dry matter intake Doesn’t match production Doesn’t match production Refusals are not measured and remixed in lactating ration Refusals are not measured and remixed in lactating ration

17. Nutrients of Feed Nutrient NRC % Actual NEL.71-.75.75 DMI3.23.65 Crude Protein 16-1817.1 ADF1921.28 NDF2835.7 Crude Fat ~64.26

18. Nutrition Reccomendations Maximize intake Maximize intake Feed TMR Feed TMR Consult nutritionist Consult nutritionist Implement feeding record system Implement feeding record system Provide intake information Provide intake information Allows for ration adjustments Allows for ration adjustments Reduce dry matter of to ~54% Reduce dry matter of to ~54% Increased water will drive intake Increased water will drive intake Add waterers Add waterers Added water has potential to increase DMI Added water has potential to increase DMI Increase bunk space Increase bunk space

19. Recommendations Cont. Feed for 2-3% weigh back Feed for 2-3% weigh back Currently cows are fed for zero weigh back Currently cows are fed for zero weigh back By incorporating 2-3% weigh back the owners will see an increase in production as there will always be feed available to the cows By incorporating 2-3% weigh back the owners will see an increase in production as there will always be feed available to the cows Feed should be available at least 20hrs a day Feed should be available at least 20hrs a day

20. Bunk Space Currently there are only 84 lock ups and 102 milking cows. Currently there are only 84 lock ups and 102 milking cows. Free choice hay is available for remaining 18 cows, however all the cows were surrounding the feed bunk. Free choice hay is available for remaining 18 cows, however all the cows were surrounding the feed bunk. This means cows are not getting enough food and or they are slug feeding. This means cows are not getting enough food and or they are slug feeding.

21. Recommendation Build an additional 18 lock ups. Build an additional 18 lock ups. Cost is $120/cow Cost is $120/cow Will decrease slug feeding. Will decrease slug feeding. Possible increase in DMI of 5-10 lbs which will give ~10-20 lbs of milk. Possible increase in DMI of 5-10 lbs which will give ~10-20 lbs of milk. Spread Concrete on other side of pen. Spread Concrete on other side of pen. Cost is $80/cow Cost is $80/cow

22. Water Availability Only two water containers for milking cows. Only one is available at all times. Only two water containers for milking cows. Only one is available at all times. 87% of milk is water. 87% of milk is water. DMI is controlled by the amount of water availability. DMI is controlled by the amount of water availability. Should have one water container for every 35 lock- ups. Should have one water container for every 35 lock- ups.

23. Recommendation Add at least two more water containers to the milking cow pen. Add at least two more water containers to the milking cow pen. This will increase water consumption and therefore DMI and milk production. This will increase water consumption and therefore DMI and milk production. Cost depends on type of container. Cost depends on type of container.

24. Nutrition Suggestions Fine tuning Fine tuning Adjust ADF & NDF Adjust ADF & NDF Change silage storage Change silage storage Decrease face size Decrease face size

25. Milk Fever Milk Fever should be around 1% of the herd Milk Fever should be around 1% of the herd Keep forage potassium levels around.65% Keep forage potassium levels around.65% Use more mature Alfalfa, full bloom and late cuttings Use more mature Alfalfa, full bloom and late cuttings Timothy Grass is not a bad option Timothy Grass is not a bad option

26. Milk Fever Decrease Milk Fever Decrease Milk Fever Currently 15% Milk fever of 102 cows: 15 cows Currently 15% Milk fever of 102 cows: 15 cows 15 cows X $344/case = $5160 15 cows X $344/case = $5160 Goal is 1% Milk Fever in herd Goal is 1% Milk Fever in herd Strive for 4% and Gradually decrease to 1% Strive for 4% and Gradually decrease to 1% 5 cows X $344/case = $1720 5 cows X $344/case = $1720 $5160 - $1720 = $3440 $5160 - $1720 = $3440

27. Heifer Management Heifer Calves Heifer Calves Dry Dusty Feed Dry Dusty Feed No Water No Water Nose to Nose Contact Nose to Nose Contact Some with old milk in pen Some with old milk in pen

28. Heifer Management Weaned Heifers Weaned Heifers Heifer ration was not consistent Heifer ration was not consistent Feed was rotting and piled in the bunks Feed was rotting and piled in the bunks Only one water source per pen Only one water source per pen

29. Heifer Management Reproduction Reproduction Age at first calving Age at first calving 27.1 months 27.1 months Minimum of 3 months too long, that is a huge loss in potential profit. Minimum of 3 months too long, that is a huge loss in potential profit.

30. Recommendation Form a consistent ration for heifers Form a consistent ration for heifers Install more water troughs in pens Install more water troughs in pens Push out feed more often to increase DMI Push out feed more often to increase DMI Feed for less weighback Feed for less weighback

31. Opportunities Marketing Heifers Marketing Heifers Fill empty free stalls Fill empty free stalls

32. Marketing Heifers Average price for springer: $2,300 Average price for springer: $2,300 Price superior quality animals can command between $2,300-$20,000++ Price superior quality animals can command between $2,300-$20,000++ The upper limit being show heifers with superior genetics and prospective milk production The upper limit being show heifers with superior genetics and prospective milk production If they sell 10 heifers at just $2,300 generates a potential income of $23,000. If they sell 10 heifers at just $2,300 generates a potential income of $23,000.

33. Recommendation Improve genetics of herd Improve genetics of herd Improve herd production Improve herd production Heifers from low producing herds do not command as high prices as those from high producing herds Heifers from low producing herds do not command as high prices as those from high producing herds Become involved in showing Become involved in showing Incorporate accelerated heifer growth program Incorporate accelerated heifer growth program

34. Empty Free stalls 122 available free stalls and 102 milking cows 122 available free stalls and 102 milking cows Potential to milk 20 more cows Potential to milk 20 more cows Cost of empty free stall ~$200 Cost of empty free stall ~$200 Losing potential $4000

35. Threats Family Leadership Family Leadership Income supports three families Income supports three families Future Economy Future Economy Joint hospital and fresh pen Joint hospital and fresh pen

36. Family Leadership Corporation: An ingenious device for obtaining profit without individual responsibility. ~Ambrose Bierce Corporation: An ingenious device for obtaining profit without individual responsibility. ~Ambrose Bierce No one takes responsibility for “Dropping the ball” No one takes responsibility for “Dropping the ball” No incentive for others to do better No incentive for others to do better They don’t see the bottom line They don’t see the bottom line “Too many big Chiefs not enough little Indians” ~ Jack G. Devine “Too many big Chiefs not enough little Indians” ~ Jack G. Devine

37. Future Economy Supporting three families may become a problem in the future Supporting three families may become a problem in the future Low production could cause problems in the future Low production could cause problems in the future Only producing 21,000 lbs of milk/cow when 22,000 minimum is needed to break even Only producing 21,000 lbs of milk/cow when 22,000 minimum is needed to break even They are only making $25,000/yr (Less than a teacher salary for one person) They are only making $25,000/yr (Less than a teacher salary for one person) Not nearly enough to feed three families in the future Not nearly enough to feed three families in the future Combining this with a decreased milk price could cause serious problems for the family Combining this with a decreased milk price could cause serious problems for the family

38. Future Economy Look at marketing their heifers more Look at marketing their heifers more Increase cash flow and allow for more income Increase cash flow and allow for more income If they have 20 extra heifers (keeping 30 for replacements since they have 100 cows in the herd and assuming 1:1 heifer to bull ratio) they could sell at $2300 that would give them an extra $46,000 a year!!! If they have 20 extra heifers (keeping 30 for replacements since they have 100 cows in the herd and assuming 1:1 heifer to bull ratio) they could sell at $2300 that would give them an extra $46,000 a year!!!

39. Joint Hospital and Fresh pen Joint hospital and Fresh pen Joint hospital and Fresh pen Decreased immune system in fresh cows Decreased immune system in fresh cows Transmission of mastitis and illnesses Transmission of mastitis and illnesses Recommendation Recommendation Split Hospital and Fresh Pen Split Hospital and Fresh Pen Milk hospital last Milk hospital last

40. Thank You!!! Dunrenton Ranch LLC Dunrenton Ranch LLC Amin Ahmadzadeh Amin Ahmadzadeh Mark McGuire Mark McGuire

41. Questions????

42. SCC incentives from Swiss valley Farms If your Your per hundredweight If your Your per hundredweight SCC count is: premium is: SCC count is: premium is: 50,000 $1.20 50,000 $1.20 100,000 $1.00 100,000 $1.00 150,000 $.80 150,000 $.80 200,000 $.45 200,000 $.45 250,000 $.30 250,000 $.30 300,000 $.10 300,000 $.10 351,000 to 550,000 Federal Order Adjuster 351,000 to 550,000 Federal Order Adjuster 600,000 $ -.40 600,000 $ -.40 700,000 $ -.90 700,000 $ -.90

43. Cleanliness and Organized Fresh Straw Fresh Straw Clean Cement Clean Cement Cleanliness could be related to low SCC Cleanliness could be related to low SCC Clean Parlor Clean Parlor