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PRINCIPLES OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Chapter 8
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Accounts Receivable Issues with bad debts Two methods
Direct write-off Allowance method Advantage of allowance method Matches revenue with expense (adjusting entry is required) More accurate balance on the balance sheet (cash realizable value)
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Write off of bad debt Direct write-off method Allowance method
DR – +Bad debt expense CR – - A/R Allowance method DR -- +Allowance for Doubtful accounts CR – -A/R
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Recovery of previously written off account
Direct write-off DR - +A/R CR – -Bad Debt Expense DR – +Cash CR – -A/R Allowance method DR – +A/R CR – +Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
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Allowance method calculation
Percentage of A/R Flat % on all receivables Aging % times the amount still owed given the age of receivables (page 360) Adjusting entry DR – +Bad debt expense CR – +Allowance for Doubtful Accounts NOTE – amount must be adjusted for the existing balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts account.
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Notes Receivable Promissory note Simple interest calculation:
Principal, interest, due date Simple interest calculation: Principal x rate x time
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Receivables analysis Credit risk ratio: Receivable turnover ratio:
Allowance for Doubtful Accts/A-R Receivable turnover ratio: Net Credit sales / Average net receivables Average collection period: 365 / Receivables turnover ratio
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Methods of speeding up cash-flow
Using receivables as security on a loan (assignment) Selling receivables (factoring) Accepting bank charge cards
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Assignment E8-3 E8-5 E8-6 E8-13 BYP 8-1 BYP 8-9
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