1. Imperialism in India
Ms. Pia

2. Imperialism
The Process of one people ruling or controlling another

3. Do Now:
Why would countries In Europe want to go to Asia and Africa to conquer land?

4. Check for understanding
Why did Europeans want to rule Africa?
What did Europeans think about imperialism?
What did Africans think about imperialism?
How did the Industrial Revolution lead to imperialism? List at least 2 things that happened during the Industrial Revolution that led to imperialism.

5. How was it possible for European countries to take over?
1. New Technologies like:
- Better weapons
-African and Asian weapon makers couldn’t compete

6. How was it possible for European countries to take over?
2. Weakening Empires in
-India
-China
Because these empires were weak, European armies could just walk in and take over.

7. Empire:
1. a group of countries under the rule of a single person or sovereign state
British Empire in 1897

8. Today
We’ll talk about India!

9. British East India Company
A. First Imperialism in India was NOT done by British government!

10. Imperialism in India started with a trading company
The British East India Company:
The company was started to control trade between Britain, India, and East Asia.
VERY POWERFUL!

11. II. A Little Background History of India
Mughal Empire (government in India) broke apart into small states in the mid-1700s with one ruler for each state.

12. A. What did the British do about this?
i. They told each ruler that they should have British support to keep their throne and power.

13. What did the British do about this?
ii. British convinced Indian rulers of different states to compete with each other and not work together. Created chaos and disorganization between states.

14. What did the British do about this?
iii. Britain could just come in with armies and take over with the “excuse” of “helping” to bring order to India.
Britain was the Mother Country to “help raise” the child: India
Really the British were one of the biggest causes of the chaos!

15. III. How did the British East India Company change India?
1. New Education system
Teach English

16. How did the British East India Company change India?
2. New Laws: banned some customs like “Sati”- widows killing themselves by jumping into their husband’s funeral fire.

17. What do you think?
Should the British have made a law against a custom like “sati”?

18. How did the British East India Company change India?
3. Religion: Christian Missionaries came to spread their beliefs in India.

19. IV. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?
What do you think?

20. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?
A. Some felt that the British were destroying their society.

21. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?
So what did the upset Indians do?

22. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?
1. The Sepoy Mutiny 1857

23. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?
Sepoy: Indian soldiers who fought in the British army

24. How did Indians feel about the changes made to their country by the British?
What happened?
British didn’t respect Hindu or Muslim culture

25. According to Hindu and Muslim religion there are rules about eating Pork or Beef

26. But the new British guns required soldiers to bite ammunition capsules greased with pork and beef fat.

27. ii. What did the Sepoys do?
The refused to use the British guns because it was against their religion
They were punished

28. Others heard and were furious!
Started a revolt and fought the British army (that they used to fight FOR)
Brutal: Some even killed British women and children

29. British equally mean
-some British soldiers strapped Indians to cannons so they couldn’t easily escape and then shot them.

30. Also
Villages that were thought to be helping the Sepoys were completely burned down.

31. 2 YEARS OF FIGHTING!

32. iii. Results
The British didn’t want any more conflict so they took the British East India Company OUT of India

33. iii. Results British GOVERNMENT began to rule India directly.
But the Indians still didn’t trust the British

34. India=Britains most important colony
Called the Jewel in the crown

35. Do Now
Write three things that you remember about India from last week.

36. Why was India so important to Britain?
Political Rewards
Financial Rewards (Make money by selling in India AND by getting goods from India to trade)
National Pride (I’m so awesome I can take over India!)

37. BUT for the Indians, British rule was:
Frustrating
Humiliating
Led to Nationalism: Pride in one’s own country (Indians began to take more pride in their own “Indian” culture) Wanted to defend their own culture.

38. How did the British Rule?
ICS:(Indian Civil Service) Government agency that ran India.
Mostly British people
Made educated Indians frustrated because they wanted a say in their own government!

39. How did British Officials feel?
Thought they were better than the Indians
Racist
Bugs Bunny outwits a rabbit hunter.

40. How did British Officials feel?
They lived in separate neighborhoods and belonged to private clubs away from Indians

41. How did British Officials feel?
Said they were doing good.
They improved Indians’ lives

42. Changes in India that were “good”
English spread
New Government helped “organize” India

43. New Educational system (British=better)
Transportation (railroad) and built roads
British built: Dams, and hospitals

44. Railroad
British built a HUGE network of railroads to help move troops and products.
By th biggest railroad network IN THE WORLD!

45. Why Bad for Indian business
Britain could make cloth cheaper because of the Industrial Revolution and Indian cloth makers made cloth by hand. They couldn’t compete.

46. Nationalism
Love of your own country

47. Rise of Indian Nationalism
Many Indians were upset about the changes that were made to their country by the British.
Middle class educated Indians were upset because they weren’t participating in government.

48. Rise of Indian Nationalism
Because Indians were inspired to fight for rights that the BRITISH had.
They learned about rights FROM the people who were taking their rights away!
Magna Carta-Peoples’ rights in Britain

49. Rise of Indian Nationalism
Indians wanted rights like:
Freedom of Speech
Freedom of Religion
Representation in government

50. How did the Indians fight for their rights
Organized the first Indian Nationalist Organization: Indian National Congress (1885)
Set up by English speaking
Mostly Hindus

51. How did the Indians fight for their rights
Peaceful at first
But later became more extreme
Sawadeshi: boycott (don’t buy) British goods.

52. How did the Indians fight for their rights
Indian people only bought Indian things and only wore Indian clothes
Some attacked British officials (and were punished)

53. It worked!......sort of
The British agreed to some things like: increasing the number of Indians in government but most were Hindu.

54. Muslim League formed (1906)
Most leaders in the INC (Indian National Congress) were Hindu. Muslims wanted to have a say in government too.

55. In October 1899, this advertisement appeared in McClure's Magazine to persuade readers that purchasing Pears' Soap would lighten the White Man's Burden by "teaching the virtues of cleanliness." The advertisement shows Admiral George Dewey washing his hands, ships in the background, and the scene of a missionary handing soap to a native.
Promotes cleanliness as a justification for racist imperialism

56. White Man’s Burden What is the White Man’s Burden?
Imperialism era idea that it is the responsibility of the imperial power (the white man) to “civilize” the colonized people by giving them western culture.

57. Exit slip:
Before you leave answer the following question to turn in before the end of class:
How did the British feel about the Indian people? How did the British treat the Indian people? Why?
What questions do you have about Imperialism in India? Is there anything you are confused about?

58. Key Terms Define the following terms: Indian National Congress Boycott
Empire
Imperialism
Control
Mother Country
Conquer
Christianity
Racism
Culture
Resources
Trade
Invade