1. Chapter 22 Selecting Interior Finishes

2. Finishes Functional Parameters
Durability
Acoustical performance
Fire safety
Relationship to mech. & elect. services
Changeability
Fire resistance
Aesthetics
Design compliance / enhancement

3. Interior Finishes One of the purposes -
Conceal or accommodate the building services
Equipment & distribution systems:
Mechanical (HVAC)
Plumbing (water, sewer,storm)
Sprinkler
Electrical (power, communication, etc.)
Vertical transportation
Others: computer connections, vacuum, etc.

4. MPE System Installation
Shafts - vertical runs of pipe, duct, wiring, elevators, etc.
Concealment and prevention of fire migration
Suspended Ceilings - Horizontal runs of MPE
Floors - services cast into floor, access flooring
Plumbing Chases - water, sewer
Mechanical Spaces - rooms, penthouse, roof, basement, mezzanines

5. Horizontal runs of Piping
Horizontal Runs of Duct

6. Overhead Rough-in: High Rise Corridor
Sprinkler
Duct
Duct
Cable
Tray
Electrical
Plumbing
Overhead Rough-in: High Rise Corridor

7. Overhead Rough-in; Low Rise Hotel Corridor
Electrical
Cable TV
Plumbing
Sprinkler
Unistrut
Overhead Rough-in; Low Rise Hotel Corridor

8. Plumbing Chase

9. Plumbing Underground

10. MPE Rough-in for Elevated Slab
Electrical
Plumbing
Sleeves

11. Partition Rough-in
Plumbing
Electrical

12. Partition Framing
to Conceal
Fan Coil Unit

13. Rooftop
Equipment
HVAC Equipment
Heating & Cooling

14. Cooling Tower (“ground” or roof mounted)
HVAC Equipment
Cooling Tower (“ground” or roof mounted)

15. Roof Top Mechanical & Electrical Space (concealed)

16. Fiberglass Construction - Communications Transmission

17. Mechanical Equipment Room

18. Electrical Panels

19. Interior Finishes Sequence
Overhead Rough-in (duct, pipe, electric home runs/service) AND
MPE Vertical Distribution Systems (plg, duct, elec.)
Partition Framing (CMU, metal framing)
Partition Rough-in (plg, elec., communications, etc.)
Ceiling Framing & Rough-in (DW, acoustic grid, lights, HVAC, etc.)
Cabinetry, Built-in equipment and furnishes
Ceiling Finishes, Wall Finishes, Floor Finishes
Sequence depends on: Type of materials / systems used

20. Interior Finishes Sequence
Primary Considerations for Sequence:
Need for subsequent operations - framing/RI
Priority for Location EX. - electric pipe vs. sewer
Durability of material
Ability to withstand unconditioned Space- cabinetry/doors
Ability to withstand construction abuse - soft vs. hard tile
Project Schedule Requirements
Availability - lead time, field measurements

21. Considerations for Selecting Interior Finishes
Appearance
Durability & Maintenance
Acoustic Criteria
Fire Criteria
Relationship to MPE services
Changeability
Cost
Toxic Emissions

22. Appearance Present / Carry out a particular Concept
Interior space - usage, feel, form, etc.
Lighting
Color
Pattern
Texture
etc.

23. Durability & Maintenance
“Highly durable finishes generally cost more…”
Selection generally determined by “need”/use
Intensity of use - “wear & tear”
Water resistance requirements
Cleanliness & maintenance requirements
Examples
“hard” flooring in an airport vs. carpet in an office
drywall ceilings in a hospital vs. acoustic in retail/office
CMU in public restrooms or mechanical room vs. drywall
VWC in a corridor vs. paint

24. (They absorb or reflect sound - space use typ. determines)
Acoustic Criteria
“Interior finish materials strongly affect the quality of listening conditions and the levels of acoustic privacy inside a building.”
(They absorb or reflect sound - space use typ. determines)
Sound Transmission Class (STC) of Partitions
A measure of sound transmission
Full scale testing to determine STC rating
Can also use a field test to verify
Requires - proper construction
partition, sealing MPE penetrations, doors, etc.

25. Acoustic Criteria Ways to Reduce Sound Transmission
Proper selection of materials / components
Floors, ceilings & walls
Proper installation
Sound absorbing insulation
Resilient partition mountings
Isolation of equipment

26. to reduce sound transmission
Sound Insulation and
Resilient Mountings
to reduce sound transmission

27. Cement/Gypsum Self-Leveling Floor Covering to
‘Insulates’ floor and
Seals joint between
partitions & floor
Cement/Gypsum Self-Leveling Floor Covering to
reduce floor-to-floor sound transmission

28. Equipment Isolation Mount

29. “smoke, not heat, is the primary killer in building fires”
Fire Criteria
Typically governed by Building Codes
Concerned with:
Combustibility
Flame spread (how quickly fire spreads / material burns)
Fuel Contributed Rating (combustibility of material)
Smoke Developed Rating (smoke contribution)
“smoke, not heat, is the primary killer in building fires”
Fire Resistance

30. “Smoke” caulking @ MPE penetrations

31. Fire Resistance Ratings
Full Scale Tests to determine an assembly’s rating
Must maintain physical & structural integrity
Not permit passage of flame or hot gases
Insulate to keep cool the side not exposed to the fire
Openings
Restricted in size
Must be protected to prevent passage of fire/gases
Doors - rated
Duct - Fire/smoke dampers
Piping - sleeves and sealant

32. Pneumatically
Operated
Fire Damper
Fire Damper
with Fusible Link

33. Rated Opening in Exit Corridor

34. Rating Label on Corridor Doors

35. Changeability How permanent are the interior finishes? Office, Retail
Changes in services and finishes often
Lighter, easily changed construction materials
acoustic clg., drywall, moveable partitions, carpet, etc.
Government Building, Theater
Changes in services and finishes less often / seldom
Heavier, harder to change construction materials
drywall clg., plaster, CMU, stone, hard tiles

36. Cost First (initial) Cost Life-Cycle Cost Installed cost
Highly important with tight budget and/or short life
Life-Cycle Cost
First cost + maintenance + replacement + energy costs
Important if:
Building useful life is long
Ownership is retained over an extended period
Budget considerations allow higher initial cost

37. Toxic Emissions of Materials
Solvents, finishes, etc.
Airborne fibers
Susceptibility to mold/mildew
Radon Gas
Sick Buildings

38. Trends in Interior Finish Systems
Components vs Single system
Constructed to accommodate change
EX: partitions anchored to grid, modular
Heavy to Lighter Materials
EX: plaster/CMU to drywall, hard tiles to vinyl/carpet
Less dead load, often less cost
Wet systems to “Dry” systems
Plaster to gypsum drywall to acoustic
Terrazzo to hard tile to carpet/vinyl