Overview Chapter 1 Administration Chapter 2 Definitions

Building / Fire Overview Florida Building Code 2004 Edition With 2005 Supplements Course No. 0004827
Chapters 1- 10 FBC Fire

Overview Chapter 1 Administration Chapter 2 Definitions
Chapter 3 Occupancy Classification Chapter 4 Special Requirements Based on Occupancy Chapter 5 Heights and Areas FBC Fire

Overview Chapter 6 Type Construction
Chapter 7 Fire Resistance Rated Construction Chapter 8 Interior Finish Chapter 9 Fire Protection Systems Chapter 10 Means of Egress FBC Fire

Intent of Codes Reasonable degree of safety to public in the built environment Minimum requirements Fire resistant construction provides: Life safety to public Life safety to firefighters Property protection for building and exposures FBC Fire

Base Codes for FBC 2004 International Building Code, 2003 edition
International Plumbing Code, 2003 edition International Mechanical Code, 2003 edition International Fuel Gas Code, 2003 edition FBC Fire

Base Codes for FBC 2004 International Residential Code, 2003 edition
International Existing Building Code, 2003 edition National Electrical Code, 2002 edition U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Fair Housing Guidelines FBC Fire

Base Codes for FBC 2004 Substantive criteria from the ASHRAE Standard Accessibility provisions of FBC Chapter 11 substituted for IBC Chapter 11 Energy provisions of FBC Chapter 13 substituted for IBC Chapter 13 High Velocity Hurricane Zone provisions retained in FBC 2004 While the slide identifies special hurricane protection standards for the HVHZ, a number of the HVHZ provisions do not address wind loads or hurricane protection. For example the sections on plaster and stucco (FBC §2508, §2509), the sections on concrete (FBC §§ ), the sections on safeguards (guardrails) (FBC §1617.4), and numerous other HVHZ provisions. FBC Fire

Florida Building Code 2004 Florida-specific modifications retained
The original scheduled implementation date of January 1, 2005 has been postponed until July 1, 2005. FBC Fire

Chapter 1 Administration
FBC Fire

Administrative Scope. The provisions of the Florida Building Code shall apply to the construction, alteration, movement, enlargement, replacement, repair, equipment, use and occupancy, location, maintenance, removal… …continued The movement of buildings is added to the scope. FBC §101.2 FBC Fire

Administrative …continued …and demolition of every building or structure or any appurtenances connected or attached to such buildings or structures. FBC §101.2 FBC Fire

Administrative Chapter 1 is limited to the administration of the code
Permitting Plan review Inspection Incorporation of former or current statutory requirements related to construction The majority of FBC 2004 Chapter 1 provisions were carried forward from the FBC Local jurisdictions have the authority to amend Chapter 1 provided the amendments are more stringent than the provisions of the code, do not address personnel qualification issues or contractor licensing issues. FBC Fire

Administrative Two Exceptions:
Detached one- and two-family dwellings and multiple single-family dwellings (town houses) not more than three stories high with separate means of egress and their accessory structures shall comply with the Florida Building Code, Residential. …continued FBC Fire

Administrative Two Exceptions …continued
Existing buildings undergoing repair, alterations or additions and a change of occupancy shall be permitted to comply with the Florida Existing Building Code. Adds the Florida Existing Building Code for repair, alterations, additions, or changes of occupancy. In addition to the reference to the Florida Existing Building Code in Chapter 1, the FBC Chapter 10 prohibits alterations which reduce the capacity of the means of egress to below that required by FBC Chapter 10. Further, Chapter 10 also prohibits any change of occupancy unless the building conforms to the requirements of Chapter 10 for the new occupancy. (FBC §1001.4) Alterations. A building shall not hereafter be altered to reduce the capacity of the means of egress to less than required by this chapter nor shall any change of occupancy be made in any building unless such building conforms with the requirements of this chapter. Exception: Existing stairs shall be permitted to remain in use provided they comply with the requirements of the building code in effect at the time of original construction. FBC Fire

Administrative Where conflicts exist within code, most restrictive provisions shall govern Where a conflict exists between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement prevails Conflicts may exist within a volume of the FBC or between volumes. An example from the FBC 2001 Edition is the prohibition against discharging condensate drains on the roof in the building volume (FBC §1506.3) while such discharge is permitted in certain instances by the mechanical volume (FBC, M § ). FBC §102.1 FBC Fire

Administrative Codes and standards referenced in code shall be considered part of the code to the prescribed extent of each such reference Where differences occur between provisions of code and referenced codes and standards, the provisions of code shall apply. The first bullet point addresses a common error by those using the code. Namely, not all references are adopted in total by the code. In some instances only a section or several sections are adopted by reference. In these instances only the referenced sections are applicable. In many case additional standards are adopted by reference within the code referenced standard. If the code does not adopt the entire standard by reference, the additional standards may not be applicable unless directly related to the specifically adopted section of the reference standard. In addition, the code itself may modify a referenced standard. Following is a section from the FBC 2004 Draft illustrating this method of modifying standards within the code. SECTION 2108: STRENGTH DESIGN OF MASONRY General. The design of masonry structures using strength design shall comply with Section 2106 and the requirements of Chapters 1 and 3 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402. The minimum nominal thickness for hollow clay masonry in accordance with Section of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 shall be 4 inches (102 mm). ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402, Section 3.2.2(g). Modify Section 3.2.2(g) as follows: 3.2.2(g). The relationship between masonry compressive stress and masonry strain shall be assumed to be defined by the following: Masonry stress of 0.80 ƒ m shall be assumed uniformly distributed over an equivalent compression zone bounded by edges of the cross section and a straight line located parallel to the neutral axis at a distance, a = 0.80 c, from the fiber of maximum… FBC §102.4 FBC Fire

Applicability Manufactured buildings
Relocation of existing manufactured building does not constitute an alteration A relocated building shall comply with wind speed requirements of the new location, using the appropriate wind speed map …continued 102.7 Relocation of manufactured buildings. (1) Relocation of an existing manufactured building does not constitute an alteration. (2) A relocated building shall comply with wind speed requirements of the new location, using the appropriate wind speed map. If the existing building was manufactured in compliance with the Standard Building Code (prior to March 1, 2002), the wind speed map of the Standard Building Code shall be applicable. If the existing building was manufactured in compliance with the Florida Building Code (after March 1, 2002), the wind speed map of the Florida Building Code shall be applicable. FBC §102.7 FBC Fire

Applicability Manufactured buildings …continued
If the existing building was manufactured in compliance with the Standard Building Code (prior to March 1, 2002), wind speed map of the Standard Building Code shall be applicable If the existing building was manufactured in compliance with the Florida Building Code (after March 1, 2002), the wind speed map of the Florida Building Code shall be applicable FBC §102.7 FBC Fire

FBC Fire

Permits Annual Facility Permit Expanded to cover all occupancy classes
Record keeping and inspection provisions retained Removes provisions requiring approval for forms used to keep list/identify all work Removes specific authority to revoke or deny future AFPs for pattern of code violations (FBC-04 § ; FBC-01 § ) Annual facility permit. In lieu of an individual permit for each alteration to an existing electrical, gas, mechanical, plumbing or interior nonstructural office system(s), the building official is authorized to issue an annual permit for any occupancy to facilitate routine or emergency service, repair, refurbishing, minor renovations of service systems or manufacturing equipment installations/relocations. The building official shall be notified of major changes and shall retain the right to make inspections at the facility site as deemed necessary. A facility service permit shall be assessed an annual fee and shall be valid for one year from date of issuance. A separate permit shall be obtained for each facility and for each construction trade, as applicable. The permit application shall contain a general description of the parameters of work intended to be performed during the year. Annual permit records. The person to whom an annual permit is issued shall keep a detailed record of alterations made under such annual permit. The building official shall have access to such records at all times or such records shall be filed with the building official as designated. FBC § FBC Fire

Permits Emergency Repairs
Allows equipment replacement and repairs under emergency conditions to be made without permit Requires permit application to be submitted next business day Emergency repairs. Where equipment replacements and repairs must be performed in an emergency situation, the permit application shall be submitted within the next working business day to the building official. FBC § FBC Fire

Permits Minor Repairs. Ordinary minor repairs may be made without permit with approval of building official Minor repairs must meet technical codes and may not include: Cutting away of walls, partitions, or portions thereof Removal or cutting of any structural beam or load bearing support Changes affecting means of egress Minor repairs. Ordinary minor repairs may be made with the approval of the building official without a permit, provided the repairs do not include the cutting away of any wall, partition or portion thereof, the removal or cutting of any structural beam or load-bearing support, or the removal or change of any required means of egress, or rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the egress requirements; additionally, ordinary minor repairs shall not include addition to, alteration of, replacement or relocation of any standpipe, water supply, sewer, drainage, drain leader, gas, soil, waste, vent or similar piping, electric wiring systems or mechanical equipment or other work affecting public health or general safety, and such repairs shall not violate any of the provisions of the technical codes. FBC § FBC Fire

Permits Minor repairs must meet technical codes and may not include addition to, or alteration of: Standpipe Water supply Sewer Drainage Drain leader Gas, soil, waste, vent or similar piping Electric wiring systems Mechanical equipment Other work affecting public health or general safety Minor repairs. Ordinary minor repairs may be made with the approval of the building official without a permit, provided the repairs do not include the cutting away of any wall, partition or portion thereof, the removal or cutting of any structural beam or load-bearing support, or the removal or change of any required means of egress, or rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the egress requirements; additionally, ordinary minor repairs shall not include addition to, alteration of, replacement or relocation of any standpipe, water supply, sewer, drainage, drain leader, gas, soil, waste, vent or similar piping, electric wiring systems or mechanical equipment or other work affecting public health or general safety, and such repairs shall not violate any of the provisions of the technical codes. FBC § FBC Fire

Permits Permit Intent. Section modified by 2005 Supplement
Permit intent. A permit issued shall be construed constructed to be a license to proceed with the work… [Remaining text unchanged] The 2005 Supplement changed the word constructed to construed. Section Change to read as shown: Permit intent. A permit issued shall be construed constructed to be a license to proceed with the work… [Remaining text unchanged] FBC § FBC Fire

Permits Work starting before permit issuance
Provides authority to building official to allow work to start before permit issuance Limited to work described in permit application and plan Provides any work is entirely at risk of permit applicant Prohibits work beyond the first required inspection Work starting before permit issuance. Upon approval of the building official, the scope of work delineated in the building permit application and plan may be started prior to the final approval and issuance of the permit, provided any work completed is entirely at risk of the permit applicant and the work does not proceed past the first required inspection. FBC §105.12 FBC Fire

Permits Phased permit approval
Provides authority to issue permit for foundation or any other part of building before the construction documents for the whole building or structure have been submitted Requires submittal of the appropriate construction documents for elements to be built …continued Phased permit approval. After submittal of the appropriate construction documents, the building official is authorized to issue a permit for the construction of foundations or any other part of a building or structure before the construction documents for the whole building or structure have been submitted. The holder of such permit for the foundation or other parts of a building or structure shall proceed at the holder’s own risk with the building operation and without assurance that a permit for the entire structure will be granted. Corrections may be required to meet the requirements of the technical codes. FBC §105.13 FBC Fire

Permits Phased permit approval…continued
Places holder of permit at holder’s own risk with the building operation and without assurance that a permit for the entire structure will be granted Corrections may be required to meet the requirements of the technical codes Phased permit approval. After submittal of the appropriate construction documents, the building official is authorized to issue a permit for the construction of foundations or any other part of a building or structure before the construction documents for the whole building or structure have been submitted. The holder of such permit for the foundation or other parts of a building or structure shall proceed at the holder’s own risk with the building operation and without assurance that a permit for the entire structure will be granted. Corrections may be required to meet the requirements of the technical codes. FBC §105.13 FBC Fire

Permits Supervision of work by architect or engineer required
Building official shall require: Supervision by architect or engineer signing affidavit for permits issued under affidavit Supervision by architect or engineer preparing drawings or computations for work determined by building official to be hazardous or complex Permit issued on basis of an affidavit. Whenever a permit is issued in reliance upon an affidavit or whenever the work to be covered by a permit involves installation under conditions which, in the opinion of the building official, are hazardous or complex, the building official shall require that the architect or engineer who signed the affidavit or prepared the drawings or computations shall supervise such work. In addition, they shall be responsible for conformity to the permit, provide copies of inspection reports as inspections are performed, and upon completion make and file with the building official written affidavit that the work has been done in conformity to the reviewed plans and with the structural provisions of the technical codes. In the event such architect or engineer is not available, the owner shall employ in his stead a competent person or agency whose qualifications are reviewed by the building official. The building official shall ensure that any person conducting plans review is qualified as a plans examiner under part XII of chapter 468, Florida Statutes and that any person conducting inspections is qualified as a building inspector under Part III of chapter 468, Florida Statutes. along with the date and amount thereof. FBC §105.14 FBC Fire

Construction Drawings
Fire Protection System Shop Drawings Submittal and approval required prior to the start of system installation Shop drawings shall contain all information as required by the referenced installation standards in Chapter 9 FBC § FBC Fire

Requires building official to verify review for code compliance via stamp or in writing Requires one set reviewed documents to be retained by building official and one set on site Approval of construction documents. When the building official issues a permit, the construction documents shall be approved, in writing or by stamp, as “Reviewed for Code Compliance.” One set of construction documents so reviewed shall be retained by the building official. The other set shall be returned to the applicant, shall be kept at the site of work and shall be open to inspection by the building official or a duly authorized representative. FBC § FBC Fire

Adds language requiring construction in accordance with approved construction documents Requires changes made during construction not in accordance with approved construction documents be resubmitted for approval as an amended set of construction documents 106.4 Amended construction documents. Work shall be installed in accordance with the approved construction documents, and any changes made during construction that are not in compliance with the approved construction documents shall be resubmitted for approval as an amended set of construction documents. FBC §106.4 FBC Fire

Adds language requiring the retention of one set of approved construction documents for at least 180 days after completion of work, or as required by Florida statutes 106.5 Retention of construction documents. One set of approved construction documents shall be retained by the building official for a period of not less than 180 days from date of completion of the permitted work, or as required by Florida Statutes. FBC §106.5 FBC Fire

Section of FBC 2001 requiring detailing of how structural and fire resistance integrity to be maintained at penetrations eliminated Structural and fire resistance integrity. Plans for all buildings shall indicate how required structural and fire resistance integrity will be maintained where a penetration of a required fire resistant wall, floor or partition will be made for electrical, gas, mechanical, plumbing and communication conduits, pipes and systems. Such plans shall also indicate in sufficient detail how the fire integrity will be maintained where required fire resistant floors intersect the exterior walls and where joints occur in required fire resistant construction assemblies. FBC § FBC Fire

Inspections Modifies required building inspections to require inspection of foundations and connection thereto for manufactured buildings 2005 Supplement modifies No. 7 Demolition Inspections to change word exit to exist 109.3 Required Inspections. The building official upon notification from the permit holder.... Building Manufactured Building Inspections. The building department shall inspect construction of foundations:.. 109.3 Required inspections. 1. through 6. (No change to current text) 7. Demolition inspections. First inspection to be made after all utility connection have been disconnected and secured in such a manner that no unsafe or unsanitary conditions shall exist exit during or after demolition operations. [Remaining text unchanged] FBC §109.3 FBC Fire

Certificate of Occupancy
Provides for contents of certificate of occupancy Permit number Address Name and address of owner Description of portion of structure for which certificate is issued Statement that described portion of structure has been inspected for compliance with code …continued 110.2 Certificate issued. After the building official inspects the building or structure and finds no violations of the provisions of this code or other laws that are enforced by the department of building safety, the building official shall issue a certificate of occupancy that contains the following: The building permit number. The address of the structure. The name and address of the owner. A description of that portion of the structure for which the certificate is issued. A statement that the described portion of the structure has been inspected for compliance with the requirements of this code for the occupancy and division of occupancy and the use for which the proposed occupancy is classified. The name of the building official. The edition of the code under which the permit was issued. The use and occupancy, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 3. The type of construction as defined in Chapter 6. The design occupant load. If an automatic sprinkler system is provided, whether the sprinkler system is required. Any special stipulations and conditions of the building permit. FBC §110.2 FBC Fire

Information on certificate of occupancy…continued Name of building official Edition of code under which permit issued Use and occupancy in accordance with Chapter 3 Type construction in accordance with Chapter 6 Design occupant load Where sprinkler system provided, if the system was required Any special conditions of the permit 110.2 Certificate issued. After the building official inspects the building or structure and finds no violations of the provisions of this code or other laws that are enforced by the department of building safety, the building official shall issue a certificate of occupancy that contains the following: The building permit number. The address of the structure. The name and address of the owner. A description of that portion of the structure for which the certificate is issued. A statement that the described portion of the structure has been inspected for compliance with the requirements of this code for the occupancy and division of occupancy and the use for which the proposed occupancy is classified. The name of the building official. The edition of the code under which the permit was issued. The use and occupancy, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 3. The type of construction as defined in Chapter 6. The design occupant load. If an automatic sprinkler system is provided, whether the sprinkler system is required. Any special stipulations and conditions of the building permit. FBC §110.2 FBC Fire

Provides for suspension or revocation of certificate of occupancy or completion By building official in writing When certificate issued in error When certificate issued on basis of incorrect information Where building is in violation of any ordinance, regulation, or the code 110.4 Revocation. The building official is authorized to, in writing, suspend or revoke a certificate of occupancy or completion issued under the provisions of this code wherever the certificate is issued in error, or on the basis of incorrect information supplied, or where it is determined that the building or structure or portion thereof is in violation of any ordinance or regulation or any of the provisions of this code. FBC §110.4 FBC Fire

Stop Work Orders Adds section providing authority to issue stop work orders May be for work in violation of code or performed in a dangerous or unsafe manner Required to state reason for order and conditions under which cited work will be permitted to resume 114.1 Authority. Whenever the building official finds any work regulated by this code being performed in a manner either contrary to the provisions of this code or dangerous or unsafe, the building official is authorized to issue a stop work order. 114.2 Issuance. The stop work order shall be in writing and shall be given to the owner of the property involved, or to the owner’s agent, or to the person doing the work. Upon issuance of a stop work order, the cited work shall immediately cease. The stop work order shall state the reason for the order, and the conditions under which the cited work will be permitted to resume. 114.3 Unlawful continuance. Any person who shall continue any work after having been served with a stop work order, except such work as that person is directed to perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition, shall be subject to penalties as prescribed by law. FBC §114.1 FBC Fire

Chapter 2 Definitions FBC Fire

Definitions General definitions found in Chapter 2
In addition, other definitions found in various chapters of code Definitions are the cornerstone for the application of the code. One example is the definition of a screen enclosure which may include solid roofs and vinyl are acrylic wind breaks as well as screen. FBC Fire

Definitions 2005 Supplement Section 202 Change to add a new definition of “Means of Escape” to read as shown: MEANS OF ESCAPE. A way out of a building or structure that does not conform to the strict definition of means of egress but does provide an alternate way out. A means of escape consists of a door, stairway, passage or hall providing a way of unobstructed travel to the outside at street or ground level that is independent of and remotely located from the means of egress. It may also consist of a passage through an adjacent nonlockable space, independent of and remotely located from the means of egress, to any approved exit. Definitions are the cornerstone for the application of the code. One example is the definition of a screen enclosure which may include solid roofs and vinyl are acrylic wind breaks as well as screen. Incorporate definition of Means of Escape from FBC 2001, a Florida Specific Amendment. Section 202 Change to add a new definition of “Means of Escape” to read as shown: MEANS OF ESCAPE. A way out of a building or structure that does not conform to the strict definition of means of egress but does provide an alternate way out. A means of escape consists of a door, stairway, passage or hall providing a way of unobstructed travel to the outside at street or ground level that is independent of and remotely located from the means of egress. It may also consist of a passage through an adjacent nonlockable space, independent of and remotely located from the means of egress, to any approved exit. FBC Fire

Chapter 3 Occupancy Classification
FBC Fire

Classification of Occupancy
Establishes separation/protection requirements for incidental use areas Establishes accessory use requirements Establishes mixed use criteria Non-separated uses Separated uses New section for different uses of same space FBC Fire

Incidental Use Areas Spaces incidental to main occupancy
Separated or protected or both as required by Table , or the building is classified a mixed occupancy and required to comply with §302.3, Mixed Occupancies Exception: Incidental use areas within and serving a dwelling unit not subject to these provisions. Incidental use areas. Spaces which are incidental to the main occupancy shall be separated or protected, or both, in accordance with Table or the building shall be classified as a mixed occupancy and comply with Section Areas that are incidental to the main occupancy shall be classified in accordance with the main occupancy of the portion of the building in which the incidental use area is located. Exception: Incidental use areas within and serving a dwelling unit are not required to comply with this section. FBC § FBC Fire

TABLE 302.1.1: INCIDENTAL USE AREAS
ROOM OR AREA SEPARATIONa Furnace room where any piece of equipment is over 400,000 Btu per hour input 1 hour or provide automatic fire-extinguishing system Rooms with any boiler over 15 psi and 10 horsepower Refrigerant machinery rooms 1 hour or provide automatic sprinkler system Parking garage (Section 406.2) 2 hours; or 1 hour and provide automatic fire-extinguishing system Hydrogen cut-off rooms 1-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group B, F, H, M, S and U occupancies. 2-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group A, E, I and R occupancies. Incinerator rooms 2 hours and automatic sprinkler system Paint shops, not classified as Group H, located in occupancies other than Group F Laboratories and vocational shops, not classified as Group H, located in Group E or I-2 occupancies Laundry rooms over 100 square feet Storage rooms over 100 square feet Group I-3 cells equipped with padded surfaces 1 hour Group I-2 waste and linen collection rooms Waste and linen collection rooms over 100 square feet Stationary lead-acid battery systems having a liquid capacity of more than 100 gallons used for facility standby power, emergency power or uninterrupted power supplies 1-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group B, F, H, M, S and U occupancies. 2-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group A, E, I and R occupancies For SI: 1 sq ft = m2, 1 lb per sq in = 6.9 kPa, 1 British thermal unit = watts, 1 horsepower = 746 watts, 1 gallon = L. a. Where an automatic fire-extinguishing system is provided, it need only be provided in the incidental use room or area. FBC Fire

Incidental Use Areas Areas classified same as main occupancy
Where Table requires separation, a fire barrier in accordance with FBC §706 required Where Table permits suppression with no separation, incidental use area is separated by construction capable of resisting the passage of smoke Separation. Where Table requires a fire-resistance-rated separation, the incidental use area shall be separated from the remainder of the building with a fire barrier. Where Table permits an automatic fire-extinguishing system without a fire barrier, the incidental use area shall be separated by construction capable of resisting the passage of smoke. The partitions shall extend from the floor to the underside of the fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling assembly or fire-resistance-rated roof/ceiling assembly or to the underside of the floor or roof deck above. Doors shall be self-closing or automatic-closing upon detection of smoke. Doors shall not have air transfer openings and shall not be undercut in excess of the clearance permitted in accordance with NFPA 80. FBC § FBC Fire

TABLE 302.1.1: INCIDENTAL USE AREAS
ROOM OR AREA SEPARATIONa Furnace room where any piece of equipment is over 400,000 Btu per hour input 1 hour or provide automatic fire-extinguishing system Rooms with any boiler over 15 psi and 10 horsepower Refrigerant machinery rooms 1 hour or provide automatic sprinkler system Parking garage (Section 406.2) 2 hours; or 1 hour and provide automatic fire-extinguishing system Hydrogen cut-off rooms 1-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group B, F, H, M, S and U occupancies. 2-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group A, E, I and R occupancies. Incinerator rooms 2 hours and automatic sprinkler system Paint shops, not classified as Group H, located in occupancies other than Group F Laboratories and vocational shops, not classified as Group H, located in Group E or I-2 occupancies Laundry rooms over 100 square feet Storage rooms over 100 square feet Group I-3 cells equipped with padded surfaces 1 hour Group I-2 waste and linen collection rooms Waste and linen collection rooms over 100 square feet Stationary lead-acid battery systems having a liquid capacity of more than 100 gallons used for facility standby power, emergency power or uninterrupted power supplies 1-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group B, F, H, M, S and U occupancies. 2-hour fire barriers and floor/ceiling assemblies in Group A, E, I and R occupancies For SI: 1 sq ft = m2, 1 lb per sq in = 6.9 kPa, 1 British thermal unit = watts, 1 horsepower = 746 watts, 1 gallon = L. a. Where an automatic fire-extinguishing system is provided, it need only be provided in the incidental use room or area. FBC Fire

Incidental Use Areas Partitions shall extend from the floor to the underside of the fire rated floor/ceiling assembly or fire rated roof/ceiling assembly or to the underside of the floor or roof deck above Doors shall be self-closing or automatic-closing upon detection of smoke Doors shall not have air transfer openings Doors shall not be undercut in excess of the clearance permitted by NFPA 80 Separation. Where Table requires a fire-resistance-rated separation, the incidental use area shall be separated from the remainder of the building with a fire barrier. Where Table permits an automatic fire-extinguishing system without a fire barrier, the incidental use area shall be separated by construction capable of resisting the passage of smoke. The partitions shall extend from the floor to the underside of the fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling assembly or fire-resistance-rated roof/ceiling assembly or to the underside of the floor or roof deck above. Doors shall be self-closing or automatic-closing upon detection of smoke. Doors shall not have air transfer openings and shall not be undercut in excess of the clearance permitted in accordance with NFPA 80. FBC § FBC Fire

• have no air transfer openings • have no excessive undercuts
Floor or roof deck Fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assembly Walls to extend tight to deck or rated assembly Walls to be constructed to resist passage of smoke After mixed occupancy Floor Note: Doors shall • be self-closing or automatic closing upon detection of smoke • have no air transfer openings • have no excessive undercuts FBC Fire

Accessory Use Areas Fire barrier required to separate all accessory use areas classified as Group H Treated as mixed occupancy required to be separated by a fire barrier in accordance with § and Table Incidental use areas required to be separated by Table , shall be separated in accordance with § Fire barrier or partitions capable of resisting passage of smoke FBC Fire

Accessory Use Areas Any other accessory use area shall not be required to be separated by a fire barrier provided: The accessory use area occupies an area not more than 10 percent of the area of the story in which it is located, and Does not exceed the tabular values in Table 503 for the allowable height or area for such use. FBC §302.2 FBC Fire

Accessory Assembly Areas
Accessory assembly use areas not considered separate occupancies if the floor area is equal to or less than 750 square feet Assembly use areas that are accessory to Group E are not considered separate occupancies Accessory religious educational rooms and religious auditoriums with occupant loads of less than 100 are not considered separate occupancies Assembly areas. Accessory assembly areas are not considered separate occupancies if the floor area is equal to or less than 750 square feet (69.7 m2). Assembly areas that are accessory to Group E are not considered separate occupancies. Accessory religious educational rooms and religious auditoriums with occupant loads of less than 100 are not considered separate occupancies. FBC § FBC Fire

No fire barrier required
Accessory use area Accessory use ≤10,000 sq ft (Non-Group H or Incidental use) Incinerator room or other incidental use area No fire barrier required Separation and/or protection required Group F-1 Fire barrier required as per Table Group H of any permitted size Building of 100,000 sq ft FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Where a building is occupied by two or more uses not included in the same occupancy classification, the building or portion thereof shall comply with Section , Non-separated Uses, or , Separated Uses, or a combination of these sections Exceptions: 302.3 Mixed occupancies. Where a building is occupied by two or more uses not included in the same occupancy classification, the building or portion thereof shall comply with Section or or a combination of these sections. Exceptions: 1. Occupancies separated in accordance with Section 508. 2. Areas of Group H-2, H-3, H-4 or H-5 occupancies shall be separated from any other occupancy in accordance with Section 3. Where required by Table , areas of Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 occupancy shall be located in a separate and detached building or structure. 4. Accessory use areas in accordance with Section 5. Incidental use areas in accordance with Section FBC §302.3 FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Exceptions:
Occupancies separated in accordance with Section 508 Areas of Group H-2, H-3, H-4 or H-5 occupancies shall be separated from any other occupancy in accordance with Section , Separated Uses Where required by Table , areas of Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 occupancy shall be located in a separate and detached building or structure …continued 302.3 Mixed occupancies. Where a building is occupied by two or more uses not included in the same occupancy classification, the building or portion thereof shall comply with Section or or a combination of these sections. Exceptions: 1. Occupancies separated in accordance with Section 508. 2. Areas of Group H-2, H-3, H-4 or H-5 occupancies shall be separated from any other occupancy in accordance with Section 3. Where required by Table , areas of Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 occupancy shall be located in a separate and detached building or structure. 4. Accessory use areas in accordance with Section 5. Incidental use areas in accordance with Section FBC §302.3 FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Exceptions:…continued
Accessory use areas in accordance with Section 302.2 Incidental use areas in accordance with Section 302.3 Mixed occupancies. Where a building is occupied by two or more uses not included in the same occupancy classification, the building or portion thereof shall comply with Section or or a combination of these sections. Exceptions: 1. Occupancies separated in accordance with Section 508. 2. Areas of Group H-2, H-3, H-4 or H-5 occupancies shall be separated from any other occupancy in accordance with Section 3. Where required by Table , areas of Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 occupancy shall be located in a separate and detached building or structure. 4. Accessory use areas in accordance with Section 5. Incidental use areas in accordance with Section FBC §302.3 FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Two options available for designing mixed occupancy buildings Option 1—Non-Separated Option 2—Separated Options 1 or 2, or any combination thereof, may be used in a building FBC § FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Option 1—Non-separated uses:
Each portion of the building shall be individually classified as to use The required type of construction for the building shall be determined by applying the height and area limitations for each of the applicable occupancies to the entire building The most restrictive type of construction, so determined, shall apply to the entire building …continued FBC § FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Option 1—Non-separated uses…continued
All other code requirements shall apply to each portion of the building based on the use of that space except that the most restrictive applicable provisions of Section 403 (High Rise) and Chapter 9 shall apply to these non-separated uses Fire separations are not required between uses, except as required by other provisions FBC § FBC Fire

No fire separation required
Occupancy 1 Occupancy 2 After mixed occupancy Type of construction limited by: Lesser height limit of Occupancy 1 or 2 Lesser floor area limit of Occupancy 1 or 2 Most restrictive fire-protection system requirements of Occupancy 1 and 2 (also high-rise provisions FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Option 2—Separated uses:
Each portion of the building shall be individually classified as to use and shall be completely separated from adjacent areas by fire barrier walls or horizontal assemblies or both having a fire-resistance rating determined in accordance with Table Each fire area shall comply with this code based on the use of that space …continued FBC § FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Option 2—Separated uses…continued
Each fire area shall comply with the height limitations based on the use of that space and the type of construction classification In each story, the building area shall be such that the sum of the ratios of the floor area of each use divided by the allowable area for each use shall not exceed one …continued FBC § FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Option 2 Exception:…continued
Except for Group H and I-2 areas, where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system, installed in accordance with section , the fire-resistance ratings in Table shall be reduced by 1 hour but to not less than 1 hour and to not less than that required for floor construction according to the type of construction. FBC § FBC Fire

Group S-1 storage Group F-1 manufacturing Group B offices
1-hour fire-resistance-rated physical separation required. See Table Group H-3 hazardous material storage Group S-1 storage Group F-1 manufacturing Group B offices FBC Fire

Occupancy 1 Occupancy 2 Occupancy 3
Fire-resistance-rated horizontal assembly* Occupancy 2 Occupancy 3 After mixed occupancy Fire-resistance-rated fire barrier* * Minimum fire-resistance rating based on Section and Table FBC Fire

In using Table , it is important to note that the table can be read horizontally or vertically. If the table is read vertically, and a dash appears instead of a number, then read the table horizontally. If the table is read horizontally, and a dash appears, then read the table vertically. Also, it doesn’t matter which occupancy of the two being separated is started with in the table The principle intended use of the building (terminology from the 2001 FBC) has no bearing on the application of the table. For example, assume you are looking for the required separation between a Group B and Group R-1 occupancy. If you start with Group B on the top row and read down vertically, to Group R-1, there is a dash. Therefore, start with Group B on the left column and read horizontally to Group R-1. The required separation is 2 hours. If you start with Group R-1 on top row and read down vertically to Group B, the required separation is 2 hours. The required separation will be the same regardless of which occupancy is to begin with. FBC Fire

Mixed Occupancy Class Options 1 or 2, or any combination thereof, may be used in a building FBC § FBC Fire

Group A - Assembly Group A includes, among others, the use of a building or structure, or a portion thereof, for the gathering together of persons for purposes such as civic, social or religious functions, recreation, food or drink consumption or awaiting transportation A room or space used for assembly purposes by less than 50 persons and accessory to another occupancy shall be included as a part of that occupancy Assembly areas with less than 750 square feet and which are accessory to another occupancy according to Section are not assembly occupancies (Continued … ) FBC §303.1 FBC Fire

Group A - Assembly (Continued … )
Assembly occupancies which are accessory to Group E in accordance with Section are not considered assembly occupancies Religious educational rooms and religious auditoriums which are accessory to churches in accordance with Section and which have occupant loads of less than 100 shall be classified as A-3. FBC §303.1 FBC Fire

Group A-1 Group A-4 Group A-2 Group A-5 Group A-3
Motion picture theatres Theaters Group A-4 Arenas Skating rinks Swimming pools Group A-2 Banquet halls Night clubs Restaurants Taverns Group A-5 Bleachers Grandstands Stadiums Group A-3 Art galleries •Gymnasiums Churches • Lecture halls Community halls • Libraries Conference rooms • Museums Exhibition halls • Passenger stations FBC Fire

Group A - Assembly Restaurants and drinking establishments with an occupant load of less than 50 persons classified as Group M, Mercantile. FBC § FBC Fire

Group F - Factory Creates three subcategories:
Factory Industrial F-1 Moderate-Hazard Occupancy Factory industrial uses which are not classified as Factory Industrial F-2 Low Hazard shall be classified Factory Industrial F-1 Moderate Hazard Factory Industrial F-2 Low-Hazard Occupancy Factory industrial uses that involve the fabrication or manufacturing of noncombustible materials which during finishing, packing or processing do not involve a significant fire hazard shall be classified as F-2 occupancies …continued FBC §306 FBC Fire

Group F - Factory Creates three subcategories:…continued
Special purpose F-3 Factory-industrial occupancy includes industrial operations in buildings designed for and suitable only for particular types of operations, characterized by a relatively low density of employee population, with much of the area occupied by machinery or equipment Group F-3 Occupancies were created as a Florida Specific Amendment to resolve a difference between the Florida Building and Fire Prevention Codes. Special purpose F-3 are characterized by large amounts of floor area being occupied by permanently mounted machinery or equipment. FBC §306 FBC Fire

Group I Expanded to three categories
Increases threshold from 4 to 5 for former Group I – Unrestrained Eliminates subcategories of Residential Care/Assisted Living Facilities More than 16 occupants Group I-1 5 to 16 occupants classified Group R-4 The FBC 2001 categorizes Residential Care/ Assisted Living Facilities as Small (16 or fewer occupants) and Large (more than 16 occupants). FBC §308.2; §310.1 FBC Fire

Group I-1 Group I-3 IBC Group I-4 Group I-2
Residential board & care facilities Assisted living facilities Half-way houses Group homes Congregate care facilities Social rehabilitation facilities Alcohol and drug centers Convalescent facilities Group I-3 Prisons Jails Reformatories Detention centers Correction centers Prerelease centers IBC Group I-4 Adult custodial care facilities Child custodial care facilities Group I-2 Hospitals Nursing homes Mental hospitals Detoxification facilities Infant care (24-hr basis) Group I-4 in IBC eliminated in favor of FBC §313 Group D–Day Care FBC Fire

Group R - Residential Limits Group R-4 Assisted Care Facilities to 16 occupants, excluding staff FBC §310 FBC Fire

Group U – Utility and Miscellaneous
Aircraft hangars, accessory to a one- or two-family residence Barns Carports Fences more than 6 feet high Grain silos, accessory to a residential occupancy Greenhouses Livestock shelters Private garages Retaining walls Sheds Stables Tanks Towers FBC §312 FBC Fire

Chapter 4 Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use and Occupancy
FBC Fire

Special Design Criteria
Code carries forward special design criteria from rules previously promulgated by state agencies that addressed construction FBC Fire

419: Hospitals 420: Nursing Homes 421: Ambulatory Surgical Centers 422: Birthing Centers 423: Public Education Occupancy 424: Swimming Pools and Bathing Places 425: Public Lodging Establishments 426: Public Food Service Establishments 427: Mental Health Programs FBC Fire

428: Manufactured Buildings 429: Boot Camps for Children 430: Mausoleums and Columbariums 431: Transient Public Lodging Establishments 432: Use of Asbestos in New Public Buildings or Buildings Newly Constructed for Lease to Government Entities - Prohibition 433: Adult Day Care 434: Assisted Living Facilities 435: Control of Radiation Hazards FBC Fire

Covered Malls Adds limit for covered mall buildings to three floor levels at any point to existing limit of not more than three stories above grade Except as specifically required by Section 402, covered mall buildings shall meet applicable provisions of this code Provides exception from Section 402 for buildings totally complying with other applicable provisions of code FBC §402.1 FBC Fire

Covered Malls Requires submittal of lease plan to building and fire departments after issuance of certificate of occupancy Must show location of each occupancy and its exits No modifications or changes in occupancy or use from that shown on the lease plan permitted without prior approval of the building official. FBC §402.3 FBC Fire

Covered Malls Means of Egress
Specifies where conflicts between Section and code exist, Section prevails Changes method for determining required means of egress from mall Number of occupants for whom means of egress are to be provided based on gross leasable area of the covered mall building (excluding anchor buildings) and the occupant load factor as determined by provided Equation 4-1 FBC § FBC Fire

Covered Malls Equation 4-1 OLF = (0.00007) (GLA) + 25
where: OLF = The occupant load factor (square feet/person) GLA = The gross leasable area (square feet) The occupant load factor (OLF) is not required to be less than 30 and shall not exceed 50 FBC § FBC Fire

Covered Malls Stipulates occupant load of food courts to be determined in accordance with Section 1004 Occupant load of food court added to occupant load of mall as determined with Equation 4-1 FBC § FBC Fire

Covered Malls Tenant Spaces – Number of Means of Egress
Threshold requiring two means of egress decrease from 75 to 50 persons Specifies 75 ft. travel distance limit applies to persons other than employees FBC § FBC Fire

Covered Malls Reduces threshold at which entrances for Group A occupancies within mall are required to be immediately adjacent to a principal entrance to the mall Threshold decreased to 500 occupant load Formerly, 1000 or 750 FBC § FBC Fire

Covered Malls Permits service rooms such as mechanical rooms, electrical rooms, service areas, and service elevators to open directly onto exit passageways provided: Passageway is separated from room with one-hour fire rated walls and opening protectives; and, Room is fully sprinklered with no omission of sprinklers permitted FBC § FBC Fire

High Rise Permits fire rating of vertical shafts other than exit enclosures and elevator hoist ways to be reduced to one hour when automatic sprinklers are installed within the shafts at the top on alternate floor levels FBC §403.2 FBC Fire

High Rise Elevator lobby provisions moved to Chapter 7
Lobbies not required for Group B where fire rated corridors are not required Lobbies required for Group R where rated corridors are required Elevator lobby. Elevators opening into a fire-resistance-rated corridor as required by Section shall be provided with an elevator lobby at each floor containing such a corridor. The lobby shall separate the elevators from the corridor by fire partitions and the required opening protection. Elevator lobbies shall have at least one means of egress complying with Chapter 10 and other provisions within this code. Exceptions: 1. In office buildings, separations are not required from a street-floor elevator lobby provided the entire street floor is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 2. Elevators not required to be located in a shaft in accordance with Section 3. Where additional doors are provided in accordance with Section Such doors shall be tested in accordance with UL 1784 without an artificial bottom seal. 4. In other than Group I-3, and buildings more than four stories above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access, lobby separation is not required where the building, including the lobby and corridors leading to the lobby, is protected by an automatic sprinkler system installed throughout in accordance with Section or FBC § FBC Fire

Atrium Smoke Control 404.4 Smoke control. A smoke control system shall be installed in accordance with Section 909. Exceptions: Smoke control is not required for floor openings meeting the requirements of Section 707.2, Exception 2, 7, 8 or 9. Smoke control is not required for floor openings meeting the requirements of Section , Exception 8 or 9. 2005 Supplement adds Exceptions to Smoke Control provisions for atriums. 404.4 Smoke control. A smoke control system shall be installed in accordance with Section 909. Exceptions: Smoke control is not required for floor openings meeting the requirements of Section 707.2, Exception 2, 7, 8 or 9. Smoke control is not required for floor openings meeting the requirements of Section , Exception 8 or 9. FBC Fire

Open Parking Garages 2005 Supplement Section Change to read as shown: Standpipes Sandpipers. Standpipes Sandpipers shall be installed where required by the provisions of Chapter 9. Section Change to read as shown: Standpipes Sandpipers. Standpipes Sandpipers shall be installed where required by the provisions of Chapter 9. FBC Fire

Public Educational Facilities 2005 Supplement
Section Change to read as shown: Space standards. School board and community college board facility sizes shall use standards in the “Size of Space and Occupant Design Criteria Table” table found …. [Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Wood: fire-retardant treated wood (FRTW). FRTW shall not be used in permanent educational facilities. Only FRTW which does not contain ammonium phosphates, sulfates, or halides, may be used in roof structures of noncombustible Type II III ancillary facilities as allowed…[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Space standards. School board and community college board facility sizes shall use standards in the “Size of Space and Occupant Design Criteria Table” table found …. [Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Wood: fire-retardant treated wood (FRTW). FRTW shall not be used in permanent educational facilities. Only FRTW which does not contain ammonium phosphates, sulfates, or halides, may be used in roof structures of noncombustible Type II III ancillary facilities as allowed…[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Master control switch. In addition to the regular main supply cut-off, each laboratory type space (such as biology, industrial, chemistry, physics, home …[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: General. Shade/green houses shall be of Type I, or II or IV construction (metal frame) capable of …[Remaining text unchanged)] Section Change to read as shown: A vision panel shall be provided in the door, and it shall be no larger than 144 square inches (.1 m2). The view panel shall consist of a clear ¼-inch-thick (6 mm m2)… [Remaining text unchanged] FBC Fire

Section Change to read as shown: Master control switch. In addition to the regular main supply cut-off, each laboratory type space (such as biology, industrial, chemistry, physics, home …[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: General. Shade/green houses shall be of Type I, or II or IV construction (metal frame) capable of …[Remaining text unchanged)] Section Change to read as shown: Space standards. School board and community college board facility sizes shall use standards in the “Size of Space and Occupant Design Criteria Table” table found …. [Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Wood: fire-retardant treated wood (FRTW). FRTW shall not be used in permanent educational facilities. Only FRTW which does not contain ammonium phosphates, sulfates, or halides, may be used in roof structures of noncombustible Type II III ancillary facilities as allowed…[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Master control switch. In addition to the regular main supply cut-off, each laboratory type space (such as biology, industrial, chemistry, physics, home …[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: General. Shade/green houses shall be of Type I, or II or IV construction (metal frame) capable of …[Remaining text unchanged)] Section Change to read as shown: A vision panel shall be provided in the door, and it shall be no larger than 144 square inches (.1 m2). The view panel shall consist of a clear ¼-inch-thick (6 mm m2)… [Remaining text unchanged] FBC Fire

Section Change to read as shown: A vision panel shall be provided in the door, and it shall be no larger than 144 square inches (.1 m2). The view panel shall consist of a clear ¼-inch-thick (6 mm m2)… [Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Space standards. School board and community college board facility sizes shall use standards in the “Size of Space and Occupant Design Criteria Table” table found …. [Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Wood: fire-retardant treated wood (FRTW). FRTW shall not be used in permanent educational facilities. Only FRTW which does not contain ammonium phosphates, sulfates, or halides, may be used in roof structures of noncombustible Type II III ancillary facilities as allowed…[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: Master control switch. In addition to the regular main supply cut-off, each laboratory type space (such as biology, industrial, chemistry, physics, home …[Remaining text unchanged] Section Change to read as shown: General. Shade/green houses shall be of Type I, or II or IV construction (metal frame) capable of …[Remaining text unchanged)] Section Change to read as shown: A vision panel shall be provided in the door, and it shall be no larger than 144 square inches (.1 m2). The view panel shall consist of a clear ¼-inch-thick (6 mm m2)… [Remaining text unchanged] FBC Fire

Swimming Pools 2005 Supplement
Section Change to read as shown: Where a wall of a dwelling serves as part of the barrier, one of the following shall apply: 1. All doors and windows providing direct access from the home to the pool shall be equipped with an exit alarm complying with UL 2017 that has a minimum sound pressure rating of 85 dBA at 10 feet (3048 mm) and is either hardwired or of the plug-in type. The exit alarm shall produce a continuous audible warning when the door and its screen are opened … Section Change to read as shown: Where a wall of a dwelling serves as part of the barrier, one of the following shall apply: 1. All doors and windows providing direct access from the home to the pool shall be equipped with an exit alarm complying with UL 2017 that has a minimum sound pressure rating of 85 dBA at 10 feet (3048 mm) and is either hardwired or of the plug-in type. The exit alarm shall produce a continuous audible warning when the door and its screen are opened. The alarm shall sound immediately after the door is opened and be capable of being heard throughout the house during normal household activities. The alarm shall be equipped with a manual means to temporarily deactivate the alarm for a single opening. Such deactivation shall last no more than 15 seconds. The deactivation switch shall be located at least 54 inches (1372 mm) above the threshold of the door. Separate alarms are not required for each door or window if sensors wired to a central alarm sound when contact is broken at any opening. [Remaining text unchanged.] FBC Fire

Chapter 5 General Building Heights and Areas
FBC Fire

Table 503 Allowable heights and areas based on type construction and building use Table provides base height and areas Chapter provides increases thereof FBC Fire

Table 503 gives base allowable heights and areas which are then modified by various formulas contained within Chapter 5 and in some cases by the provisions of Chapter 9. The next slide shows Table 601 to identify the differences between Types A and B Construction. FBC Fire

TABLE 601: FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING ELEMENTS (hrs)
TYPE I TYPE II TYPE III TYPE IV TYPE V A B HT Structural frame a Including columns, girders, trusses 3b, g 2b 1 Bearing walls Exterior f Interior 4 4b 3 3b 2 2b/ HT Nonbearing walls and partitions Exterior Interior e See Table 602 See Section 602 Floor construction Including supporting beams and joists 3g 1d 0d Roof construction 1½ c, g 1c It is difficult, if not impossible, to discuss Table 503 without first discussing the differences between Types A and B Construction which are derived from Table The Protected and Unprotected categories, as well as the Sprinklered and Unsprinklered categories of the FBC 2001 Table 500 are not carried forward into the FBC The differences between sub-categories A and B within a Type Construction are the fire resistance ratings required by Table 601 for the structural frame as delineated in Note a (found on next slide). For SI: 1 foot = mm Footnotes found on next slide. FBC Fire

TABLE 601: Footnotes a The structural frame shall be considered to be the columns and the girders, beams, trusses and spandrels having direct connections to the columns and bracing members designed to carry gravity loads. The members of floor or roof panels which have no connection to the columns shall be considered secondary members and not a part of the structural frame. b Fire-resistance ratings of the structural frame and bearing walls are permitted to be reduced by 1 hour where supporting one floor or one roof only. c 1. Except in Factory-Industrial (F-1), Hazardous (H), Institutional (I), Mercantile (M) and Moderate- Hazard Storage (S-1) occupancies, fire protection of structural members shall not be required, including protection of roof framing and decking where every part of the roof construction is 20 feet or more above any floor immediately below. 2. In Type I and II construction, fire-retardant-treated wood shall be allowed in buildings including girders and trusses as part of the roof construction when the building is: Two stories or less in height; Type II construction over two stories; or Type I construction over two stories and the vertical distance from the upper floor to the roof is feet or more. d Group B and M occupancies of Type II or III construction five or more stories in height shall be required to have a minimum 2-hour fire resistance rating for the floor construction located over the basement. e Not less than the fire-resistance rating required by other sections of this code. f Not less than the fire-resistance rating based on fire separation distance (see Table 602). g For Group A, B, E, F and R occupancies and parking garages, the required fire-resistance ratings for the structural frame, floor and roof construction, including supporting beams and joists, shall be permitted to be reduced by 1-hour where the building is protected throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section , but the fire resistance rating shall not be less than 1-hour. h For unsprinklered Group E occupancies of Type, II-B, III-B, IV orV-B construction, the floor construction located immediately above useable space in basements shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1-hour. FBC Fire

Type of Construction Group Type I Type II Type III Type V F-1 F-2 A B
Type IV Type V A B HT Hgt (ft) Hgt (S) UL 160 65 55 50 40 S 5 4 3 2 37,500 23,000 28,500 19,000 36,000 18,000 9,000 F-1 11 1 25,000 15,500 12,000 33,500 14,000 8,500 F-2 50,500 21,000 13,000 To allow a better view a portion of the table is shown in this slide. Table 503 gives base allowable heights and areas which are then modified by various formulas contained within Chapter 5 and in some cases by the provisions of Chapter 9. In most cases, larger and taller buildings will be permitted by FBC 2004 than were permitted in codes previously adopted in Florida. Example: Type II-A Construction is equivalent to FBC 2001 Type IV, 1-Hour Protected, Unsprinklered Construction. A Group B Occupancy of Type II-A Construction (FBC 2004) is limited to 37, 500 sq. ft. in area and 5 stories up to 65 ft. in height. The same building in the FBC 2001 is limited to 25,500 sq. ft. and 5 stories up to 65 ft. in height. FBC Fire

In most cases, larger and taller buildings will be permitted by FBC 2004 than were permitted in codes previously adopted in Florida. Example: Type II-A Construction is equivalent to FBC 2001 Type IV, 1-Hour Protected, Unsprinklered Construction. A Group B Occupancy of Type II-A Construction (FBC 2004) is limited to 37, 500 sq. ft. in area and 5 stories up to 65 ft. in height. The same building in the FBC 2001 is limited to 25,500 sq. ft. and 5 stories up to 65 ft. in height. FBC Fire

Type of Construction Group Type I Type II Type III Type V A-1 A-2 A-3
Type IV Type V A B HT Hgt (ft) Hgt (S) UL 160 65 55 50 40 A-1 S 5 3 2 1 15,000 8,500 14,000 11,500 5,500 A-2 11 9,500 6,000 A-3 15,500 A-4 A-5 FBC Fire

Type of Construction Group Type I Type II Type III Type V R-1 R-2a
Type IV Type V Hgt (ft) Hgt (S) A B HT UL 160 65 55 50 40 R-1 S 11 4 3 2 24,000 16,000 20,500 12,000 7,000 R-2a R-3a R-4 5 1 60,500 26,500 13,000 23,500 25,500 18,500 9,000 FBC Fire

Height and Area Limitations
The height and area for buildings of different construction types shall be governed by the intended use of the building and shall not exceed the limits in Table 503 except as modified hereafter. 503.1 General. The height and area for buildings of different construction types shall be governed by the intended use of the building and shall not exceed the limits in Table 503 except as modified hereafter. Each part of a building included within the exterior walls or the exterior walls and fire walls where provided shall be permitted to be a separate building. FBC §503.1 FBC Fire

Height and Area Limitations
Each part of a building included within the exterior walls or the exterior walls and fire walls where provided shall be permitted to be a separate building. A building with a single footprint with a firewall down the center is considered to be two buildings even though one of the walls is an interior wall i.e.the firewall. 503.1 General. The height and area for buildings of different construction types shall be governed by the intended use of the building and shall not exceed the limits in Table 503 except as modified hereafter. Each part of a building included within the exterior walls or the exterior walls and fire walls where provided shall be permitted to be a separate building. FBC §503.1 FBC Fire

Basements as Story For purposes of determining allowable building height, basements do not count as story (FBC § ) Group A and Group E basements used as classrooms or assembly rooms shall be counted as a story (FBC § ) Basements. A basement of a building shall not count as a story, when applying Table 503 for allowable building height. Group A and E basements. Group A and Group E basements used as classrooms or assembly rooms shall be counted as a story. FBC Fire

Buildings on Same Lot Buildings on same lot are regulated as separate buildings, or Two or more buildings on the same lot may be considered one building If the height of each building and the aggregate area of buildings are within the limitations of Table 503 as modified by Sections 504 and 506 The provisions of this code applicable to the aggregate building shall be applicable to each building (See §704.3) Ordinarily, two buildings on the same lot are subject to code provisions for exterior wall fire-resistance rating in Table 602 and opening protectives in Table based on the assumed or imaginary property line between buildings. The purpose of the provisions of § is to eliminate the application of provisions regarding the fire-resistance rating of walls required by Table 602 and the protection of openings as required by Table There is no minimum or maximum separation requirement, but, the exterior walls, if load bearing, are required to provide the fire-resistance as required by Table 601. Non-bearing walls are not required to provide a fire resistance rating. The allowable area of the “single building” is as permitted by Table 503 as modified by §§504 and For a more detailed discussion see the IBC Commentary to this section. Buildings on same lot. Two or more buildings on the same lot shall be regulated as separate buildings or shall be considered as portions of one building if the height of each building and the aggregate area of buildings are within the limitations of Table 503 as modified by Sections 504 and 506. The provisions of this code applicable to the aggregate building shall be applicable to each building. 704.3 Buildings on the same lot. For the purposes of determining the required wall and opening protection and roof-covering requirements, buildings on the same lot shall be assumed to have an imaginary line between them. Where a new building is to be erected on the same lot as an existing building, the location of the assumed imaginary line with relation to the existing building shall be such that the exterior wall and opening protection of the existing building meet the criteria as set forth in Sections and Exception: Two or more buildings on the same lot shall either be regulated as separate buildings or shall be considered as portions of one building if the aggregate area of such buildings is within the limits specified in Chapter 5 for a single building. Where the buildings contain different occupancy groups or are of different types of construction, the area shall be that allowed for the most restrictive occupancy or construction. FBC § FBC Fire

May be considered a single building if the aggregate area is within limits specified in Sections 503, 504 and 505. If the four buildings are considered one building, the facing walls are not subject to Table 602 or to the opening protective provisions of Table However, if considered separate buildings, the facing walls are required to comply with the provisions of based on separation and the requirements for opening protectives. The outside walls under the “one building” scenario are subject to the provisions of Table 602 and Table based on separation from property lines. Provisions of code applicable to aggregate building to be applicable to each building. FBC Fire

Table 503 R-2, TYPE V-A: Allows 12,000 sq ft per floor
2' 7' 3,000 sq ft 3,000 sq ft FBC Fire

Party Walls Any wall located on a property line between adjacent buildings which is used or adapted for joint service between the two buildings, shall be constructed as a fire wall in accordance with Section 705, without openings and shall create separate buildings. 503.2 Party walls. Any wall located on a lot line between adjacent buildings, which is used or adapted for joint service between the two buildings, shall be constructed as a fire wall and shall provide a 4-hour fire-resistance rating in accordance with Section 705, without openings and shall create separate buildings. FBC §503.2 FBC Fire

Building A Building B Party wall FBC Fire

Height and Area Modifications for Sprinklers
Increases of Table 503 limits permitted for: Sprinklered buildings Increases permitted for NFPA 13 systems Frontage clearance FBC Fire

Height Modifications FBC Fire

Height Modifications Special unlimited height
The height of Group B, Group M and Group R occupancies of Type I-B construction shall not be limited, provided the fire resistance of all columns shall be not less than 3 hours and the other structural members including floors shall be not less than that shown in Chapter 6, but in no case less than 2 hours except that roofs and their supporting beams, girders, trusses and arches shall be not less than 1½ hours. (Florida specific) This is a Florida-specific change. FBC §504.1 FBC Fire

Height Modifications Exception: The height of one-story aircraft hangars, aircraft paint hangars and buildings used for the manufacturing of aircraft shall not be limited if the building is provided with an automatic fire extinguishing system in accordance with Chapter 9 and is entirely surrounded by public ways or yards not less in width than one and one-half times the height of the building FBC §504.1 FBC Fire

Height Modifications Buildings protected throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section (NFPA 13) Max height increased by 20 feet Max number of stories is increased by one story FBC §504.2 FBC Fire

Maximum height and number of stories based upon occupancy and type of construction as set forth in Table 503. Given: a type VA office building is permitted to be 3 stories and 50 feet in height per Table 503. If sprinkler system installed per Section 504.2, the story limit may be increased by one story, and the height can exceed the limit in Table 503 by 20 feet. 4th story Height of building 70' maximum (50' + 20' regardless of number of stories) Area increase for sprinklers also permitted Grade plane Increase does not apply when sprinkler installed under the following conditions: 1. Group I-2 of Type IIB, III, IV or V construction 2. Group H-1, H-2, H-3 or H-5 FBC Fire

Height Modifications Group R buildings with approved sprinkler system complying with § (NFPA 13R) Max height is increased by20 feet Max number of stories increased by one story Shall not exceed four stories or 60 feet Increases in addition to area increase Although developer may claim they are able to get more than one story in twenty feet, increase is limited to one story. 2. The four story limit is a limit contained in the Building Code and the sprinkler standard (NFPA 13R). FBC §504.2 FBC Fire

Height Modifications Exceptions:
Group I-2 of Type IIB, III, IV or V construction Group H-1, H-2, H-3 or H-5 Fire-resistance rating substitution in accordance with Table 601 Where reductions in fire resistance are taken in accordance with the notes to Table 601, increases in height are not permitted. FBC §504.2 FBC Fire

Maximum height and number of stories based upon occupancy and type of construction as set forth in Table 503. Given: a type VA office building is permitted to be 3 stories and 50 feet in height per Table 503. If sprinkler system installed per Section 504.2, the story limit may be increased by one story, and the height can exceed the limit in Table 503 by 20 feet. 4th story Height of building 70' maximum (50' + 20' regardless of number of stories) Area increase for sprinklers also permitted Grade plane Increase does not apply when sprinkler installed under the following conditions: 1. Group I-2 of Type IIB, III, IV or V construction 2. Group H-1, H-2, H-3 or H-5 FBC Fire

Mezzanines FBC Fire

Mezzanine Area Limitations 2005 Supplement
Exceptions: The aggregate area of mezzanines in buildings and structures of Type I or II construction for special industrial occupancies in accordance with Section shall not exceed two-thirds of the area of the room. In sprinklered S2 occupancies of Type III construction, the enclosed and unenclosed areas under mezzanines shall be allowed to be included when calculating the permissible size of mezzanines. Changes to the Mezzanine Section in the 2005 Supplement include: Section Change to read as shown: 505.2 Area limitation. The aggregate area of a mezzanine or mezzanines within a room shall not exceed one-third of the area of that room or space in which they are located. The enclosed portions of rooms shall not be included in a determination of the size of the room in which the mezzanine is located. In determining the allowable mezzanine area, the area of the mezzanine shall not be included in the area of the room. Exceptions: The aggregate area of mezzanines in buildings and structures of Type I or II construction for special industrial occupancies in accordance with Section shall not exceed two-thirds of the area of the room. In sprinklered S2 occupancies of Type III construction, the enclosed and unenclosed areas under mezzanines shall be allowed to be included when calculating the permissible size of mezzanines. FBC Fire

Area Modifications FBC Fire

Area Modifications Table 503 limits increased for frontage (If ) on public way or open space Installation of sprinklers (Is ) Increases are additive This slide and the next slide are simply to indicate the formula used to determine the total increases permitted for frontage and sprinklers. Examples will follow. (Equation 5-1) FBC §506.1 FBC Fire

Area Modifications Equation 5-1 Where:
Aa = Allowable area per floor (square feet) At = Tabular area per floor according to Table 503 (square feet) If = Area increase due to frontage (percent) Is = Area increase due to sprinkler protection (percent) FBC §506.1 FBC Fire

Area Increase for Frontage
Where >25% of building perimeter is on public way or open space Minimum width of public way or open space 20 feet Equation 5-2 FBC §506.2 FBC Fire

Area Increase for Frontage
Where: If = Area increase due to frontage (percent) F = Building perimeter which fronts on a public way or open space having 20 feet open minimum width P = Perimeter of entire building W = Minimum width of public way or open space 506.2 Frontage increase. Every building shall adjoin or have access to a public way to receive an area increase for frontage. Where a building has more than 25% of its perimeter on a public way or open space having a minimum width of 20 feet , the frontage increase shall be determined in accordance with the following: [ ] Where: If = Area increase due to frontage (percent) F = Building perimeter which fronts on a public way or open space having 20 feet open minimum width P = Perimeter of entire building W = Minimum width of public way or open space FBC Fire

P = Perimeter of entire building
150' P = Perimeter of entire building 15' 20' 130' 155' 30' FBC Fire

F = Building perimeter which fronts on a public way or open space having 20 feet open minimum width
150' 15' 20' 130' 155' 30' FBC Fire

Width (W) Limits Width of public way or open space (W) shall be at least 20 feet and W divided by 30 shall not exceed 1.0 Where I varies along perimeter of building, calculation of Equation 5-2 based on weighted average of each portion of exterior wall and open space where the value of W is between 20 and 30 feet. FBC § FBC Fire

Width (W) Limits Exception: Quantity W divided by 30 shall not exceed 2.0 when all following conditions exist Building is permitted to be unlimited in area by Section 507; and The only provision preventing unlimited area is compliance with the 60-foot public way or yard requirement Special industrial occupancies. Buildings and structures designed to house low-hazard industrial processes that require large areas and unusual heights to accommodate craneways or special machinery and equipment including, among others, rolling mills; structural metal fabrication shops and foundries; or the production and distribution of electric, gas or steam power, shall be exempt from the height and area limitations of Table 503. 2. Sections 507 and 508 contain numerous provisions for unlimited area buildings for specific occupancy classes. FBC § FBC Fire

1 Story, Business, TYPE III B
FBC 1 Story, Business, TYPE III B 155' × 130' = 20,150 sq ft Table 503 allowable 19,000 sq ft 200' If = 100 [ F/P – 0.25 ] W/30 If = Area increase due to frontage (percent) F = Building perimeter which fronts on a public way or accessible open space having 20 feet open minimum width P = Perimeter of entire building W = Minimum width of public way or accessible open space Fire lane 15' 20' 130' If = 100 [ 440/570 – 0.25 ] W/30 If = 100 [ 0.77 – 0.25 ] W/30 155' If = 100 [ 0.52 ] W/30 Fire lane If = [ 52 ] W/30 If = [ 52 ] 20/30 30' Kendall St. If = [ 52 ] 0.67 If = or 35% 19,000 × 0.35 = 6,650 sq ft. 19, ,650 = 25,650 sq ft/floor FBC Fire

Open Space Limits Open space
On same lot or Dedicated for public use Open space shall be accessed from a street or approved fire lane Any part of the perimeter that is not accessible to the fire service by means of a street or fire lane cannot by considered open for the purposes of applying the frontage increase provisions. If the back side of a building on a narrow lot cannot be reached by means of a fire lane on side of the building and there is no alley or street at the back, that portion of the perimeter would not be considered open for the purposes of the frontage increase, even if the actual open space exceeds 20 feet. (Source: IBC, 2000, Commentary) The fire lane or the street is not required to extend immediately adjacent to every portion of the perimeter that is considered open for purposes of the increase. Rather, access by a fire lane must be provided up to the open side such that the fires service personnel can approach the side and pull hoses across the open area to fight a fire, and no corner of the building will impede the use of hoses and equipment on that side of the building. (Source: IBC, 2000, Commentary) FBC § FBC Fire

Frontage Access Example 1
In Example 1, the south (street) side can be considered open perimeter (frontage). The north side cannot be considered open perimeter for the purpose of the section because it is not accessible to the street. Fire department access roads shall be provided such that any portion of the facility or any portion of an exterior wall of the first story of the building is located not more than 150 feet from fire department access roads as measured by an approved route around the exterior of the building or facility. The 150 feet may be increased to 450 feet when the building is fully sprinklered in accordance with the sprinkler standard appropriate for the occupancy. (FFPC NFPA 1 § , § ) Fire department access roads shall be designed and maintained to support the imposed loads of fire apparatus and shall be provided with a surface suitable for all-weather driving capabilities. (FFPC NFPA 1 § ) The turning radius of a fire department access road shall be as approved by the AHJ. (FFPC NFPA 1 § ) Dead Ends. Dead-end fire department access roads in excess of 150 feet (46 m) in length shall be provided with approved provisions for the turning around of fire apparatus. (FFPC NFPA 1 § ) Fire department access roads are required to be a minimum of 20 feet in width and provide 13 feet 6 inches vertical clearance. (FFPC NFPA1 § ) FBC Fire

Frontage Access Example 2
In Example 2, all sides of the building are considered open. All sides of the building are accessible by means of a fire department access road or street. Fire department access road may be stabilized earth capable of supporting the loads imposed by fire apparatus covered with sod. Fire lane FBC Fire

Area Increase for Sprinklers NFPA13 §903.3.1.1
Allowable area Table 503 increased 200 percent for multi-story buildings (IS = 200 percent) 300 percent for single-story buildings (IS = 300 percent) Increases in addition to height and story increases of §504.2 506.3 Automatic sprinkler system increase. Where a building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section , the area limitation in Table 503 is permitted to be increased by an additional 200 percent (Is = 200 percent) for multistory buildings and an additional 300 percent (Is = 300 percent) for single-story buildings. These increases are permitted in addition to the height and story increases in accordance with Section Exceptions: 1. Buildings with an occupancy in Group H-1, H-2 or H-3. 2. Fire-resistance rating substitution in accordance with Table 601, Note d. FBC §506.3 FBC Fire

Area Increase for Sprinklers
Exceptions: Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 Fire-resistance rating substitution in accordance with Table 601 Where decreases in fire resistance ratings are taken in accordance with the notes to Table 601, increases in area are not permitted. FBC Fire

2 Story, Business, TYPE III B, Spr
FBC 2 Story, Business, TYPE III B, Spr 200' Aa = Allowable area per floor (square feet) At = Tabular area per floor according to Table 503 (square feet) If = Area increase due to frontage (percent) Is = Area increase due to sprinkler protection (percent) Fire lane 15' 20' 130' Fire lane 155' 30' Kendall St. Aa = 19, ,000 = 63,650 Aa = 63,650 sq ft total allowable per floor FBC Fire

Area Determination The maximum area of a building shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area per floor (Aa), as determined in Section by the number of stories up to a maximum of three stories FBC §503.3 FBC Fire

Area Determination Determine max area of multi-story buildings by multiplying the allowable area of the first floor as determined in Section 506.1, by the number of stories as listed below. For two-story buildings, multiply by 2; For three-story or higher buildings, multiply by 3; 506.4 Area determination. The maximum area of a building with more than one story shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area of the first floor (Aa), as determined in Section 506.1, by the number of stories as listed below. For two-story buildings, multiply by 2; For three-story or higher buildings, multiply by 3; and No story shall exceed the allowable area per floor (Aa), as determined in Section for the occupancies on the floor. Exceptions: Unlimited area buildings in accordance with Section 507. The maximum area of a building equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area per floor (Aa), as determined in Section by the number of stories. FBC §506.4 FBC Fire

Area Determination No story shall exceed the allowable area per floor as determined in Section for the occupancies on the floor Exceptions: Unlimited area buildings in accordance with Section 507 Determine max area of a building equipped with a sprinkler system in accordance with FBC § (NFPA 13R) by multiplying the allowable area per floor as determined in Section by the number of stories 506.4 Area determination. The maximum area of a building with more than one story shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area of the first floor (Aa), as determined in Section 506.1, by the number of stories as listed below. For two-story buildings, multiply by 2; For three-story or higher buildings, multiply by 3; and No story shall exceed the allowable area per floor (Aa), as determined in Section for the occupancies on the floor. Exceptions: Unlimited area buildings in accordance with Section 507. The maximum area of a building equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area per floor (Aa), as determined in Section by the number of stories. FBC §506.4 FBC Fire

Example: Business, TYPE III B, Spr Aa = 63,650 sq ft total allowable
200' Aa = 63,650 sq ft total allowable Fire lane Table 503 allows a 4-story building Using Section 504.2, we can have a 5-story 15' 20' 130' Fire lane 155' 30' 63,650 sq ft × 3 = 190,950 sq ft maximum area of building Kendall St. FBC Fire

Unlimited Area One-Story
Area of a one-story Group A-4, B, F, M, or S building of other than Type V Construction is unlimited when the building is fully sprinklered in accordance with FBC § (NFPA 13) and surrounded and adjoined by public ways or yards not less than 60 feet in width FBC §507.2 FBC Fire

Exceptions: Buildings and structures of Types I and II construction for rack storage facilities, which do not have access by the public shall not be limited in height provided that such buildings conform to the requirements of Section and NFPA 231C …continued The reference to FBC §507.1 is faulty as the language contained in the IBC was stricken as a Florida-specific amendment. The reference to NFPA 231C is erroneous as the provisions have been included in NFPA 230, 2003, as Chapter 7. In addition, NFPA 13, 2002, has been modified to address the rack storage provisions previously contained in NFPA 231C. The FFPC 2004 will adopt these standards and the FBC Chapter 35 should be updated to follow suit. The FBC Draft Chapter 35 indicates the 2002 Edition of NFPA 13, but, does not adopt NFPA 230 and continues to adopt NFPA 23C -1998, an obsolete standard. FBC §507.2 FBC Fire

Exceptions…continued Sprinkler system not required in Group A-4 areas occupied for indoor participant sports such as tennis, skating, swimming equestrian activities provided: 2.1. Exit doors directly to the outside are provided for occupants of the participant sports areas, and 2.2. The building is equipped with a fire alarm system with manual fire alarm boxes installed in accordance with Section 907 FBC §507.2 FBC Fire

Unlimited Group A One-story Group A buildings without a stage requiring proscenium opening protection shall not be limited in area provided they are Type II, III-A or IV construction, and Surrounded on all sides by a permanent open space of not less than 60 ft, and Provided with an automatic sprinkler system, and The assembly floor is located at, or within 21 inches of street or grade level, and All exits meet the street or grade level by ramps having a slope not exceeding a 1:12 This is a modification to the IBC provision. The IBC provision applies only to motion picture theaters. As modified in the FBC 2004, the provision will apply to all Group A without a stage requiring proscenium opening protection. FBC §507.9 FBC Fire

Unlimited Area Two-story
The area of a two-story, Group B, F, M or S building shall not be limited when the building is provided with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section throughout, and is surrounded and adjoined by public ways or yards not less than 60 feet in width FBC §507.3 FBC Fire

Reduction of 60' Open Space
The permanent open space of 60 feet required in Sections shall be permitted to be reduced to not less than 40 feet provided the following requirements are met: …continued FBC §507.4 FBC Fire

Reduction of 60' Open Space
…continued The reduced open space shall not be allowed for more than 75 percent of the perimeter of the building The exterior wall facing the reduced open space shall have a minimum fire-resistance rating of 3 hours Openings in the exterior wall, facing the reduced open space, shall have opening protectives with a fire-resistance rating of 3 hours FBC §507.4 FBC Fire

Unlimited Area Group E The area of a one-story Group E building of Type II, IIIA or IV construction shall not be limited when the following criteria are met: …continued FBC §507.8 FBC Fire

Unlimited Area Group E …continued
Each classroom shall have not less than two means of egress, with one of the means of egress being a direct exit to the outside of the building complying with Section 1017 or the building is provided with smoke barriers having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating dividing the building into areas not to exceed 30,000 square feet in floor area The building is equipped with a sprinkler system in accordance with Section Underlined provisions are Florida specific. FBC §507.8 FBC Fire

Unlimited Area Group E …continued The building is surrounded and adjoined by public ways or yards not less than 60 feet in width FBC §507.8 FBC Fire

Unlimited area* Groups A-4, B, F, M, or S occupancies
Minimum 60-ft yard Groups A-4, B, F, M, or S occupancies One- or two- story building** Fully sprinklered Minimum 60-ft yard Minimum 60-ft yard Minimum 60-ft public way * Any type of construction permitted ** Limited to one story for Group A-4 FBC Fire

Special Provisions Section provides for the use of special conditions to exempt or modify the requirements related to height and area. Majority of the provisions relate to attached parking structures Special provisions allow unlimited height for Groups B, M, and R of Type IB Construction FBC §508 FBC Fire

Chapter 6 Types of Construction
FBC Fire

Construction Classification
Code requires all buildings and structures to be classified in one of five construction types. Building elements shall have a fire resistance rating not less than that specified in FBC Table 601 Exterior walls shall have a fire resistance rating not less than that specified in Table 602 602.1 General. Buildings and structures erected or to be erected, altered or extended in height or area shall be classified in one of the five construction types defined in Sections through The building elements shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that specified in Table 601 and exterior walls shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that specified in Table 602. FBC §602.1 FBC Fire

A building or portion thereof shall not be required to conform to the details of a type of construction higher than that type which meets the minimum requirements based on occupancy even though certain features of such building actually conform to a higher type of construction This issue has been addressed by interpretations for many years. It is now specifically stated in the code. If an owner wants to upgrade the Construction Type from the minimum required type he or she may without having to comply with all the provisions for the upgraded construction. For example, the fire resistance rating required for exterior walls due to separation (Table 602) are based on the minimum type construction required for the building. The permit records and plans should show the review was based on that minimum required construction. FBC § FBC Fire

Type I and II construction are those types of construction in which the building elements listed in Table 601 are of noncombustible materials. FBC §602.2 FBC Fire

Type III construction is that type in which the exterior walls are of non-combustible materials and the interior building elements are of any material permitted by this code. 602.3 Type III. Type III construction is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of any material permitted by this code. Fire-retardant-treated wood framing complying with Section shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies of a 2-hour rating or less. FBC §602.3 FBC Fire

Type III-A Type III-B * See Notes to Tables 601 and 602 Roof 1 hour
Floor/ceiling 1 hour Partition nonrated Exterior bearing walls 2 hours Structural frame or interior bearing wall 1 hour Type III-B Roof nonrated Floor/ceiling nonrated Partition nonrated Exterior bearing walls 2 hours * See Notes to Tables 601 and 602 Structural frame or interior bearing wall nonrated FBC Fire

Fire-retardant-treated wood framing complying with FBC § shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies of 2 hour fire rating or less in Type III Construction 602.3 Type III. Type III construction is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of any material permitted by this code. Fire-retardant-treated wood framing complying with Section shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies of a 2-hour rating or less. FBC §602.3 FBC Fire

Type IV construction (Heavy Timber, HT) is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of solid or laminated wood without concealed spaces. FBC §602.4 FBC Fire

* See notes to Tables 601 and 602
Type IV Heavy Timber Roof Heavy timber Floor/ceiling Heavy timber Partition nonrated Exterior bearing walls 2 hours Interior bearing wall 1 hour or Heavy timber Structural frame Heavy timber * See notes to Tables 601 and 602 FBC Fire

Type IV Construction (HT)
The code provides very detailed requirements on the sizes of structural members for Type IV Construction Fire retardant treated wood framing complying with Section shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies of 2 hour rating or less. FBC Fire

Type V construction is that type of construction in which the structural elements, exterior walls and interior walls are of any materials permitted by this code. FBC §602.5 FBC Fire

Type V-A Type V-B * See Notes to Tables 601 and 602 Roof 1 hour
Floor/ceiling 1 hour Partition nonrated Exterior bearing walls 1 hour Structural frame or interior bearing wall 1 hour Type V-B Roof nonrated Floor/ceiling nonrated Partition nonrated Exterior bearing walls nonrated * See Notes to Tables 601 and 602 Structural frame or interior bearing wall nonrated FBC Fire

Noncombustible Exterior and interior (bearing or nonbearing) walls, floors, roofs and structural elements to be of noncombustible materials I A B II Combustible Exterior walls to be of noncombustible materials III IV HT V FBC Fire

Comparison of Construction Types FBC Type I IBC Type IA FBC Type II IBC Type IB FBC Type III IBC Type IV FBC Type IV (Protected) IBC Type IIA FBC Type IV IBC Type IIB FBC Type V (Protected) IBC Type IIIA FBC Type V IBC Type IIIB FBC Type VI (Protected) IBC Type VA FBC Type VI IBC Type VB FBC Fire

TABLE 601: FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING ELEMENTS (hrs)
TYPE I TYPE II TYPE III TYPE IV TYPE V A B HT Structural frame a Including columns, girders, trusses 3b, g 2b 1 Bearing walls Exterior f Interior 4 4b 3 3b 2 2b/ HT Nonbearing walls and partitions Exterior Interior e See Table 602 See Section 602 Floor construction Including supporting beams and joists 3g 1d 0d Roof construction 1½ c, g 1c A number of Florida specific modifications to Table 601 were made to increase the fire resistance rating for the structural frame for various types of construction. For SI: 1 foot = mm Footnotes found on next slide. FBC Fire

TABLE 601: Footnotes a The structural frame shall be considered to be the columns and the girders, beams, trusses and spandrels having direct connections to the columns and bracing members designed to carry gravity loads. The members of floor or roof panels which have no connection to the columns shall be considered secondary members and not a part of the structural frame. b Fire-resistance ratings of the structural frame and bearing walls are permitted to be reduced by 1 hour where supporting one floor or one roof only. c 1. Except in Factory-Industrial (F-1), Hazardous (H), Institutional (I), Mercantile (M) and Moderate- Hazard Storage (S-1) occupancies, fire protection of structural members shall not be required, including protection of roof framing and decking where every part of the roof construction is 20 feet or more above any floor immediately below. 2. In Type I and II construction, fire-retardant-treated wood shall be allowed in buildings including girders and trusses as part of the roof construction when the building is: Two stories or less in height; Type II construction over two stories; or Type I construction over two stories and the vertical distance from the upper floor to the roof is feet or more. d Group B and M occupancies of Type II or III construction five or more stories in height shall be required to have a minimum 2-hour fire resistance rating for the floor construction located over the basement. e Not less than the fire-resistance rating required by other sections of this code. f Not less than the fire-resistance rating based on fire separation distance (see Table 602). g For Group A, B, E, F and R occupancies and parking garages, the required fire-resistance ratings for the structural frame, floor and roof construction, including supporting beams and joists, shall be permitted to be reduced by 1-hour where the building is protected throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section , but the fire resistance rating shall not be less than 1-hour. h For unsprinklered Group E occupancies of Type, II-B, III-B, IV orV-B construction, the floor construction located immediately above useable space in basements shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1-hour. FBC Fire

FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet)
TABLE 602 FIRE RESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR EXTERIOR WALLS BASED ON FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCEa FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet) TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION GROUP H F-1, M, S-1 A, B, E, F-2, I, Rb, S-2, U < 5c I-A, I-B, III-A, III-B, IV Others 3 2 1 > 5 < 10 > 10 < 20 II-B, V-B > 20 < 30 > 30 All The fire resistance for exterior walls based on separation includes the occupancy class of the building which is a new concept in Florida. The Table contains a note about R-3 Occupancies. Group R-3 are exempt from the FBC and required to comply with the Florida Building Code, Residential. The Table no longer addresses the amount of openings permitted in exterior walls. These provisions are now located in Chapter 7. (Table 704.8) a. Load-bearing exterior walls shall also comply with the fire-resistance rating requirements of Table 601. b. Group R-3 and Group U when used as accessory to Group R-3, as applicable in Section shall not be required to have a fire-resistance rating where the fire separation distance is 3 feet or more. c. See Section for party walls. FBC Fire

Openings in Exterior Walls
The allowable area of openings in exterior walls are found in Chapter 7, Section and Table 704.8 Previously (FBC 2001), the allowable area of protected and unprotected openings in exterior walls was found in Table 600. FBC Fire

Openings in Exterior Walls
The maximum area of unprotected or protected openings permitted in an exterior wall in any story shall not exceed the values set forth in Table FBC §704.8 FBC Fire

Combustible Materials in Types I and II Construction
A detailed listing of the permissible uses of combustible materials in Types I and II Construction is provided. FBC §603 FBC Fire

Chapter 7 Fire-Resistance-Rated Construction
FBC Fire

Fire Area FIRE AREA. The aggregate floor area enclosed and bounded by fire walls, fire barriers, exterior walls or fire-resistance-rated horizontal assemblies of a building. May consist of a portion of a floor area within a single story, one entire story or the combined floor area of several stories depending on enclosure and separation. Fire area is a new and important concept in the FBC. Numerous provisions related to fire sprinklers and fire rated separations are triggered by the size of fire areas. The term fire area is used to describe a specific and controlled area within a building which may consist of a portion of the floor area within a single story, one entire story or the combined floor area of several stories depending on how these areas are enclosed and separated from other floor areas. Where a fire barrier wall complying with the code divides the floor area of a one-story building the floor areas on each side of the wall each constitute a separate fire area. In a multi-story building a floor/ceiling assembly with the fire resistance rating required by the code for a fire barrier for the occupancy or occupancies, each floor becomes a separate fire area. The floor area of a mezzanine is included in the fire area calculations, even though the mezzanine does not contribute to the building area calculations. (Source: IBC, 2000, Commentary) FBC §702.1 FBC Fire

Fire barrier or fire wall
Fire area "A" Fire area "B" Fire barrier or fire wall Fire-resistance-rated horizontal assembly Fire area "1" Fire area "2" FBC Fire

Fire Area DN DN FBC Fire

Fire Wall A fire-resistance rated wall having protected openings, which restricts the spread of fire and extends continuously from the foundation to or through the roof, with sufficient structural stability under fire conditions to allow collapse of construction on either side without collapse of the wall FBC §702.1 FBC Fire

Fire Walls Each portion of a building separated by fire walls rated in accordance with Table is considered a separate building For the purpose of determining the allowable height and area of Table 503, fire walls dividing buildings into separate buildings are required to provide a four-hour fire resistance rating Bullet point two regarding Table 503 requirements and fire walls is a Florida-specific change to the IBC. The same provision is found as Note c at Table FBC §705.1 FBC Fire

Fire Walls Where a fire wall also separates Groups that are required to be separated by a fire barrier wall, the most restrictive requirements of each separation shall apply. Fire walls (party walls) located on property lines shall comply with Section FBC §705.1 FBC Fire

Fire Walls - Openings Openings protected in accordance with FBC §715.3
Limited to a max aggregate width at any floor level of 25% of the length of the wall Max area of any single opening 120 ft2 FBC §705.8 FBC Fire

Fire Walls - Openings Exceptions:
Prohibited in party walls in accordance with §503.2 Openings not limited to 120 ft2 where adjoining buildings are protected by sprinkler system FBC §705.8 FBC Fire

TABLE 705.4: FIRE WALL FIRE-RESISTANCE RATINGSc
GROUP FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING (hours) A, B, D, E, H-4, I, R-1, R-2, U 3a F-1, H-3b, H-5, M, S-1 3 H-1, H-2 4b F-2, S-2, R-3, R-4 2 a Walls shall be not less than 2-hour fire-resistance rated where separating buildings of Type II or V construction. b For Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 buildings, also see Sections and c For the purposes of determining height and area in accordance with Table 503, fire walls dividing buildings into separate building shall provide a 4-hour fire resistance rating. FBC Fire

Fire Barrier FIRE BARRIER. A fire-resistance-rated vertical or horizontal assembly of materials designed to restrict the spread of fire in which openings are protected FBC §702.1 FBC Fire

Fire Barrier The fire resistance rating of a fire barriers is dependent upon the occupancy class or classes and the type of separation e.g. mixed occupancies, incidental use areas, exit enclosures, shaft enclosures, etc. FBC §706.3 FBC Fire

FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING (hours)
TABLE FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE BARRIER ASSEMBLIES BETWEEN FIRE AREAS OCCUPANCY GROUP FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING (hours) H-1, H-2 4 F-1, H-3, S-1 3 A, B, E, F-2, H-4, H-5, I, M, R, S-2, F-3 2 U 1 FBC Fire

Fire Barriers - Openings
Openings protected in accordance with FBC §715 Limited to a max aggregate width of 25% of the length of the wall Max area of any single opening 120 ft2 FBC §706.7 FBC Fire

Fire Barriers - Openings
Exceptions: Openings not limited to 120 ft2 where adjoining fire areas are protected by sprinkler system Fire doors serving exit enclosures Openings are unlimited where opening protective tested in accordance with ATSM E119 and has same rating as wall FBC §706.7 FBC Fire

Exterior Wall Openings
FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE. The distance measured From the building face to the closest interior lot line, To the centerline of a street, alley or public way, or To an imaginary line between two buildings on the lot. The distance shall be measured at right angles from the face of the wall. FBC §702.1 FBC Fire

TABLE 704.8 MAXIMUM AREA OF EXTERIOR WALL OPENINGSa
CLASSIFICATION OF OPENING FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet) 0 to 3e,h Greater than 3 to 5b Greater than 5 to 10d,f Greater than 10 to 15c,d,f Greater than 15 to 20c,f Greater than to 25c,f Greater than 25 to 30c,f Greater than 30 Un- protected Not permitted g Not permitted b,g 10% g 15% g 25% g 45% g 70% g No limit Protected Not permitted 15% 25% 45% 75% No limit FBC Fire

Mixed Openings Where both unprotected and protected openings are located in the exterior wall in any story, the total area of the openings shall comply with Equation 7.2 FBC §704.8 FBC Fire

Equation 7-2 where: A = Actual area of protected openings, or the equivalent area of protected openings, Ae (see Section 704.7) a = Allowable area of protected openings Au = Actual area of unprotected openings au = Allowable area of unprotected openings FBC Fire

Wall elevation of building with 12-ft fire separation and 1-hr roof
100' 10' 30 ft2 30 ft2 30 ft2 95 ft2 45 ft2 30 ft2 Protected opening total = 165 sq ft = A Unprotected opening total = 95 sq ft = Au A = Actual area of protected openings = 165 sq ft a = Allowable area of protected openings = 450 sq ft Au = Actual area of unprotected openings = 95 sq ft au = Allowable area of unprotected openings = 150 sq ft FBC Fire

Sprinklers and Openings
In buildings equipped with a sprinkler system in accordance with Section (NFPA 13), the maximum allowable area of unprotected openings in occupancies other than Groups H-1, H-2, and H-3 shall be the same as for protected openings from Table 704.8 FBC § FBC Fire

TABLE 704.8 MAXIMUM AREA OF EXTERIOR WALL OPENINGSa
CLASSIFICATION OF OPENING FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE (feet) 0 to 3e,h Greater than 3 to 5b Greater than 5 to 10d,f Greater than 10 to 15c,d,f Greater than 15 to 20c,f Greater than to 25c,f Greater than 25 to 30c,f Greater than 30 Protected Not permitted 15% 25% 45% 75% No limit No limit ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Allowable area unprotected openings with sprinklers except H-1, H-2 and H-3 FBC Fire

Exterior Walls First story
In occupancies other than Group H, unlimited unprotected openings are permitted in the first story of exterior walls facing a street that have a fire separation distance of greater than 15 feet, or facing an unoccupied space. The unoccupied space shall be on the same lot or dedicated for public use, shall not be less than 30 feet in width, and shall have access from a street by a posted fire lane in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code. The highlighted text indicates text not contained in the FBC 2001. FBC § FBC Fire

FBC Fire

Chapter 8 Interior Finishes
FBC Fire

Interior Finishes Adopts NFPA 286 as additional testing standard for wall or ceiling finishes, other than textiles Adds DOC FF-1 Pill Test for interior floor finishes Adds requirements for curtains, draperies, and other decorative materials suspended from walls or ceilings FBC Fire

Interior Finishes Eliminates provisions plastic signs
Changes temperature and time criteria for detachment of finish material FBC 2001 = 3000º for 25 minutes FBC 2004 = 2000º not less 30 minutes FBC Fire

Chapter 9 Fire Protection Systems
FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems
Provides for partial protection by sprinklers where system is not required by code (FBC §901.2) Stipulates acceptance testing in accordance with Florida Building and Fire Prevention Codes and standards adopted therein. (FBC §901.5) Provides building official authority to require testing in his or her presence 901.2 Fire protection systems. Fire protection systems shall be installed, repaired, operated and maintained in accordance with this code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code. Any fire protection system for which an exception or reduction to the provisions of this code has been granted shall be considered to be a required system. Exception: Any fire protection system or portion thereof not required by this code shall be permitted to be installed for partial or complete protection provided that such system meets the requirements of this code. 901.5 Acceptance tests. Fire protection systems shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of this code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code. When required, the tests shall be conducted in the presence of the building official. Tests required by this code, the Florida Fire Prevention Code and the standards listed in this code shall be conducted at the expense of the owner or the owner’s representative. It shall be unlawful to occupy portions of a structure until the required fire protection systems within that portion of the structure have been tested and approved. FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems
Exempts one and two family dwellings and systems of fewer than 20 heads from supervision requirements (FBC §901.6) Many occupancy fire protection requirements based on the fire area Fire resistance rating of fire area separation in accordance with Table (FBC §901.7) 901.6 Supervisory service. Where required, fire protection systems shall by an approved supervising station in accordance with NFPA 72. Automatic sprinkler systems. Automatic sprinkler systems shall be monitored for integrity in accordance with NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code. Exceptions: 1. A supervising station is not required for automatic sprinkler systems protecting one- and two-family dwellings. 2. Limited area systems serving fewer than 20 sprinklers. 901.7 Fire areas. Where buildings, or portions thereof, are divided into fire areas so as not to exceed the limits established for requiring a fire protection system in accordance with this chapter, such fire areas shall be separated by fire barriers having a fire-resistance rating of not less than that determined in accordance with Section FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group A
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings and portions thereof used as Group A occupancies as provided in this section. FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group A
Groups A-1, A-2, A-3, and A-4 Automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout the floor area where the Group A occupancy is located, and in all floors between the Group A occupancy and the level of exit discharge. For Group A-5 An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in concession stands, retail areas, press boxes and other accessory use areas in excess of 1,000 square feet. [F] Group A. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings and portions thereof used as Group A occupancies as provided in this section. For Group A-1, A-2, A-3 and A-4 occupancies, the automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout the floor area where the Group A-1, A-2, A-3 or A-4 occupancy is located, and in all floors between the Group A occupancy and the level of exit discharge. For Group A-5 occupancies, the automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in the spaces indicated in Section [F] Group A-5. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in concession stands, retail areas, press boxes and other accessory use areas in excess of 1,000 square feet (93 m2). FBC § FBC Fire

Required to be sprinklered
Group A Required to be sprinklered All floors to be sprinklered Group B Group B Discharge level Group M FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group A-1
Sprinkler system required throughout a fire area containing a Group A-1 where one of the following conditions exists: Fire area is located on a floor other than LED The fire area contains a multi-theatre complex The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet The fire area has an occupant load of ≥300 LED means Level of Exit Discharge. FBC § FBC Fire

Sprinkler system required throughout a fire area containing a Group A-2 occupancy where one of the following conditions exists: The fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet The fire area is located on a floor other than the level of exit discharge FBC § FBC Fire

Sprinkler system required throughout a fire area containing a Group A-2 occupancy where one of the following conditions exists: The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more Exception: Nightclubs or similar usage when occupant load is 100 or more. FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group A-3 and A-4
Sprinkler system required throughout a fire area containing a Group A-3 and A-4 occupancy where one of the following conditions exists: …continued FBC § and FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Groups A-3 and A-4
…continued The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more The fire area is located on a floor other than the level of exit discharge FBC § and FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Groups A-3 and A-4
Exceptions: Areas used exclusively as participant sports areas where the main floor area is located at the same level as the level of exit discharge of the main entrance and exit Assembly occupancies used primarily for worship with fixed seating and not part of a mixed occupancy FBC § and FBC Fire

An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in concession stands, retail areas, press boxes, and other accessory use areas in excess of 1000 sq. ft. FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group E
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all Group E fire areas greater than 20,000 square feet in area An automatic sprinkler system shall also be provided for every portion of educational buildings below the level of exit discharge. FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group E
Exception: An automatic fire sprinkler system is not required in existing educational buildings unless 50% of the aggregate area of the building is being remodeled. FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group F-1
Sprinklers required throughout all buildings containing Group F-1 where one of following conditions exist: F-1 fire area exceeds 12,000 ft2 F-1 fire area more than 3 stories above grade Combined area of all F-1 fire areas on all floors, including mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 ft2 FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group F-1
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout F-1 fire areas with woodworking areas: Exceeding 2,500 ft2 Generates finely divided combustible waste or Uses finely divided combustible material FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group H
An automatic fire-extinguishing system shall be installed in Group H occupancies FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group H-5
An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings containing Group H-5 occupancies The design of the sprinkler system shall not be less than that required by this code for the occupancy hazard classifications in accordance with Table FBC § FBC Fire

TABLE 903.2.4.2 GROUP H-5 SPRINKLER DESIGN CRITERIA
Location Occupancy Hazard Classification Fabrication areas Ordinary Hazard Group 2 Service corridors Storage rooms without dispensing Storage rooms with dispensing Extra Hazard Group 2 Corridors FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group I
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all buildings with a Group I fire area. FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group I
Exception: An automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with or shall be allowed in Group I-1 facilities Group I-1 is residential board and care type facilities where residents are supervised but able to respond to emergencies unassisted. FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group M
Sprinklers shall be provided throughout buildings containing Group M where one of the following exists: Group M fire area exceeds 12,000 ft2 Group M fire area is located more than 3 stories above grade Combined area of all Group M fire areas on all floors, including mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 ft2 FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group M
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code in all buildings of Group M where storage of merchandise is in high-piled or rack storage arrays FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group R
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings with a Group R fire area FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Group S-1
Sprinklers shall be provided throughout buildings containing Group S-1 where one of the following exists: Group S-1 fire area exceeds 12,000 ft2 Group S-1 fire area is located more than 3 stories above grade Combined area of all Group S-1 fire areas on all floors, including mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 ft2 FBC FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Repair Garages
Sprinklers required throughout buildings used as repair garages in accordance with §406.6 as follows: Buildings two or more stories in height, including basements, with a fire area containing a repair garage exceeding 10,000 square feet One story buildings with a fire area containing a repair garage exceeding 12,000 square feet Buildings with a repair garage in the basement FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Tire Bulk Storage
Buildings and structures where the area for the storage of tires exceeds 20,000 cubic feet shall be equipped throughout with an automatic fire sprinkler system in accordance with FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Enclosed Parking Garages
All enclosed parking garages per FBC §406.4 or located beneath another occupancy group shall be protected throughout with an automatic sprinkler system Exception: Enclosed garages beneath Group R-3 FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems Commercial Parking Garages
An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings used for storage of commercial trucks or buses where the fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet (464 m2). FBC § FBC Fire

Fire Protection Systems All Occupancies Except R-3 and U
Sprinklers shall be provided in all occupancies in accordance with the following: Stories and Basements without Openings Sprinklers shall be provided in every story or basement of all buildings when the floor area exceeds 1,500 sq. ft. and there is not provided at least one of the following types of exterior wall openings: …continued FBC § FBC Fire

…continued Openings below grade that lead directly to ground level by an exterior stairway complying with Section 1009 or an outside ramp complying with Section 1010. Openings shall be located in each 50 linear feet, or fraction thereof, of exterior wall in the story on at least one side. Openings entirely above the adjoining ground level totaling at least 20 square feet in each 50 linear feet or fraction thereof, of exterior wall in the story on at least one side. FBC § FBC Fire

Openings shall have a minimum dimension of not less than 30 inches. Openings shall be accessible to the fire department from the exterior. FBC § FBC Fire

Openings shall not be obstructed in a manner that fire-fighting or rescue cannot be accomplished from the exterior. FBC § FBC Fire

Openings on One Side Only Where openings in a story are provided on only one side and the opposite wall of such story is more than 75 feet from such openings, The story shall be equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system, or Openings as specified above shall be provided on at least two sides of the story. FBC § FBC Fire

100' FBC Fire

Basements Where any portion of a basement is located more than 75 feet from openings required by , the basement shall be equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system. FBC § FBC Fire

Rubbish and Linen Chutes An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed at the top of rubbish and linen chutes and in their terminal rooms. FBC § FBC Fire

Rubbish and Linen Chutes Chutes extending through three or more floors shall have additional sprinkler heads installed within such chutes at alternate floors. Chute sprinklers shall be accessible for servicing. FBC § FBC Fire

Buildings Over 55 Feet in Height An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout buildings with a floor level having an occupant load of 30 or more that is located 55 feet or more above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access. FBC § FBC Fire

Exceptions: 1. Airport control towers 2. Open parking structures 3. Occupancies in Group F-2 FBC Fire

Chapter 10 Means of Egress
FBC Fire

Means of Egress Maintenance
Means of egress shall be maintained in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code. FBC §1001.3 FBC Fire

Means of Egress Alterations
A building shall not hereafter be altered to reduce the capacity of the means of egress to less than required by this chapter nor shall any change of occupancy be made in any building unless such building conforms with the requirements of this chapter. Exception: Existing stairs shall be permitted to remain in use provided they comply with the requirements of the building code in effect at the time of original construction. Section requires compliance with the means of egress provisions for the new occupancy when there is a change of occupancy. The Exception to FBC § permits the continued use of existing stairs that comply with the code in effect when the building was originally built. FBC §1001.4 FBC Fire

Means of Egress Where approved by the Building Official, existing stairs shall be permitted to be rebuilt in accordance with the dimensional criteria of the building code in effect at the time of original construction provided: …continued Section permits the rebuilding of existing stairs provided certain conditions are met and the rebuilding is approved by the Building Official. FBC §1001.5 FBC Fire

Means of Egress Handrails shall comply with Section 1019.1.1, and
…continued Handrails shall comply with Section , and Guardrails shall comply with Section 1012, and The elevation of the floor surfaces on both sides of the door shall comply with Section These provisions as well as those of the previous three slides are Florida-specific changes to resolve conflicts with the Florida Fire Prevention Code. FBC §1001.3 FBC Fire

Means of Egress Ceiling height of 7'6" carried forward from FBC 2001
Protruding objects required to provide 6'8" (80") clearance FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress No more than 50% of ceiling area in a means of egress may be reduced in height by protruding objects Door closers and stops permitted to reduce headroom to 78" Barrier with leading edge a max of 27" above the floor required where vertical clearance less than 80" The limit of 50% of the ceiling area, the exception for door closers and stops, and the requirement for a barrier are new in the FBC 2004. FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress Walking surfaces are required to be uniformly slip resistant along natural path of travel (FBC §1003.4) The code will contain a new provision addressing the continuity of the means of egress (FBC §1003.6) The provision related to slip resistance is a Florida-specific change to resolve a difference between the Florida Building and Fire Prevention Codes carried forward from FBC 2001. While always understood that the means of egress is required to be maintained clear and ready for use, the code did not address continuity previously. Means of egress continuity. The path of egress travel along a means of egress shall not be interrupted by any building element other than a means of egress component as specified in this chapter. Obstructions shall not be placed in the required width of a means of egress except projections permitted by this chapter. The required capacity of a means of egress system shall not be diminished along the path of egress travel. FBC Fire

Means of Egress The method for calculating occupant load is expanded to include the greatest of: Actual number of occupants Number of occupants calculated using factors in Table (formerly Table ) Combining occupants from an accessory space that egress through a primary area FBC §1004.1 FBC Fire

Means of Egress The corridor fire resistance table has been relocated from Chapter 7 (Table ) to Chapter 10 (Table ) Required fire resistance ratings for exit access corridors are carried forward from the FBC 2001 FBC Fire

Means of Egress The Egress Width per Occupant Served factors of Table 1004 were replaced with Table Except for Group I-2, the FBC 2001 egress width per occupant served factors have been retained The factors for Group I-2 will change from 0.2 level and 0.3 stairs to 0.2 level and 0.4 stairs FBC Fire

Means of Egress Provisions for the illumination of means of egress and exit signs carried forward from FBC 2001 §1016 to FBC §1006 The Illumination of Means of Egress and Exit Signs provisions of the original base code were completely rewritten to provide agreement between the Florida Building and Fire Prevention Codes. FBC Fire

Means of Egress Seven exceptions to the minimum clear width and height of doors are provided …continued FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress …continued
Min and max widths not applied to doors not part of the required MOE in Groups R-2 and R-3 Doors to resident sleeping units in Group I-3 may be clear width of not less than 28 inches Door openings to storage closets less than 10 square feet not limited Width of door leafs in revolving doors complying with Section not limited FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress FBC §1008.1.1 …continued
Door openings within a dwelling unit or sleeping unit may be 78 inches in height. Exterior door openings in dwelling units and sleeping units, other than the required exit door, shall not be less than 76 inches in height. Interior egress doors within a dwelling unit or sleeping unit which is not required to be adaptable or accessible. Door openings required to be accessible within Type B dwelling units shall have a minimum clear width of 31¾ inches (806 mm). FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress Six exceptions are provided to the requirement for egress doors to be side-hinged swinging doors …continued FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress …continued
Private garages, office areas, factory and storage areas with an occupant load of 10 or less. Group I-3 occupancies used as a place of detention. Doors within or serving a single dwelling unit in Groups R-2 and R-3 as applicable in Section FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress …continued In other than Group H occupancies, revolving doors complying with Section In other than Group H occupancies, horizontal sliding doors complying with Section Power-operated doors in accordance with Section FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress Section 1008.1.6 Change to read as shown:
Thresholds. Thresholds at doorways shall not exceed 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) in height for sliding doors serving dwelling units or 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) for other doors. Raised thresholds and floor level changes greater than 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) at doorways shall be beveled with a slope not greater than one unit vertical in two units horizontal (50-percent slope). Section Change to read as shown: Thresholds. Thresholds at doorways shall not exceed 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) in height for sliding doors serving dwelling units or 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) for other doors. Raised thresholds and floor level changes greater than 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) at doorways shall be beveled with a slope not greater than one unit vertical in two units horizontal (50-percent slope). Exceptions: 1. The threshold height shall be limited to 7¾ inches (197 mm) where the occupancy is Group R-2 or R-3 as applicable in Section 101.2, the door is an exterior door that is not a component of the required means of egress and the doorway is not on an accessible route. In one-and two-family dwellings where the door discharges to the outside or to an exterior balcony or exterior exit access, the floor level outside the door shall be permitted to be one step lower than the inside, but not more than 8 in. lower. 2. For exterior doors serving dwelling units, thresholds at doorways shall not exceed the height required to pass the water resistance test of ANSI/AAMA/WDMA 101/I. S.2, or TAS 202 for high-velocity hurricane zones, or the maximum allowable height difference between interior floor level. Exterior floor level shall comply with the following: [Remaining text unchanged.] FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress Exceptions:
1. The threshold height shall be limited to 7¾ inches (197 mm) where the occupancy is Group R-2 or R-3 as applicable in Section 101.2, the door is an exterior door that is not a component of the required means of egress and the doorway is not on an accessible route. In one-and two-family dwellings where the door discharges to the outside or to an exterior balcony or exterior exit access, the floor level outside the door shall be permitted to be one step lower than the inside, but not more than 8 in. lower. 2. [Remaining text unchanged.] Section Change to read as shown: Thresholds. Thresholds at doorways shall not exceed 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) in height for sliding doors serving dwelling units or 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) for other doors. Raised thresholds and floor level changes greater than 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) at doorways shall be beveled with a slope not greater than one unit vertical in two units horizontal (50-percent slope). Exceptions: 1. The threshold height shall be limited to 7¾ inches (197 mm) where the occupancy is Group R-2 or R-3 as applicable in Section 101.2, the door is an exterior door that is not a component of the required means of egress and the doorway is not on an accessible route. In one-and two-family dwellings where the door discharges to the outside or to an exterior balcony or exterior exit access, the floor level outside the door shall be permitted to be one step lower than the inside, but not more than 8 in. lower. 2. For exterior doors serving dwelling units, thresholds at doorways shall not exceed the height required to pass the water resistance test of ANSI/AAMA/WDMA 101/I. S.2, or TAS 202 for high-velocity hurricane zones, or the maximum allowable height difference between interior floor level. Exterior floor level shall comply with the following: [Remaining text unchanged.] FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress Adds provisions requiring a minimum space between doors in a series of 48 inches minimum plus the width of a door swinging into the space FBC § FBC Fire

Means of Egress Section 1009.3, Exception 5, change to read as shown:
In occupancies in Group R-3, as applicable in Section 101.2, within dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-2, as applicable in Section 101.2, and in occupancies in Group U, which are accessory to an occupancy in Group R-3, as applicable in Section 101.2, the maximum riser height shall be 7.75 inches (197 mm) and the minimum tread depth, exclusive of nosing, shall be not less than 10 9 inches (254 mm), the minimum winder tread depth at the walk line shall be 10 inches (254 mm), and the minimum winder tread depth shall be 6 inches (152 mm). (… continued … ) Section , Exception 5, change to read as shown: 5. In occupancies in Group R-3, as applicable in Section 101.2, within dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-2, as applicable in Section 101.2, and in occupancies in Group U, which are accessory to an occupancy in Group R-3, as applicable in Section 101.2, the maximum riser height shall be 7.75 inches (197 mm) and the minimum tread depth, exclusive of nosing, shall be not less than 10 9 inches (254 mm), the minimum winder tread depth at the walk line shall be 10 inches (254 mm), and the minimum winder tread depth shall be 6 inches (152 mm). A nosing not less than 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) but not more than 1.25 inches (32 mm) shall be provided on stairways with solid risers where the tread dept is less than 11 inches (279 mm). Treads and risers of stairs shall be permitted to be so proportioned that the sum of two risers and a tread, exclusive of projection of nosing, is not less than 24 inches nor more than 25 inches. Every tread less than 10 inches wide shall have a nosing , or effective projection, of approximately 1 inch over the level immediately below that tread. FBC Fire

Means of Egress 5. (… cont. …) A nosing not less than 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) but not more than 1.25 inches (32 mm) shall be provided on stairways with solid risers where the tread dept is less than 11 inches (279 mm). Treads and risers of stairs shall be permitted to be so proportioned that the sum of two risers and a tread, exclusive of projection of nosing, is not less than 24 inches nor more than 25 inches. Every tread less than 10 inches wide shall have a nosing , or effective projection, of approximately 1 inch over the level immediately below that tread. Section , Exception 5, change to read as shown: 5. In occupancies in Group R-3, as applicable in Section 101.2, within dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-2, as applicable in Section 101.2, and in occupancies in Group U, which are accessory to an occupancy in Group R-3, as applicable in Section 101.2, the maximum riser height shall be 7.75 inches (197 mm) and the minimum tread depth, exclusive of nosing, shall be not less than 10 9 inches (254 mm), the minimum winder tread depth at the walk line shall be 10 inches (254 mm), and the minimum winder tread depth shall be 6 inches (152 mm). A nosing not less than 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) but not more than 1.25 inches (32 mm) shall be provided on stairways with solid risers where the tread dept is less than 11 inches (279 mm). Treads and risers of stairs shall be permitted to be so proportioned that the sum of two risers and a tread, exclusive of projection of nosing, is not less than 24 inches nor more than 25 inches. Every tread less than 10 inches wide shall have a nosing , or effective projection, of approximately 1 inch over the level immediately below that tread. FBC Fire

Means of Egress 1009.3.1 Dimensional uniformity.
Stair treads and risers shall be of uniform size and shape. The tolerance between the largest and smallest riser or between the largest and smallest tread shall not exceed inch (9.5 mm) in any flight of stairs. Exceptions: 1. Non-uniform riser dimensions of aisle stairs complying with Section 2. Consistently shaped winders, complying with Section , differing from rectangular treads in the same stairway flight. Modifications by 2005 Supplements. FBC Fire

Means of Egress Risers shall be a maximum height of 7 inches and a minimum height of 4 inches (279 mm) (102 mm). Treads shall be a minimum of 11 inches (279 mm). Exceptions: 1. Within dwelling units, treads and risers of stairs shall be permitted to be so proportioned that the sum of two risers and a tread, exclusive of projection of nosing, is not less than 24 inches (610 mm) nor more than 25 inches (635 mm). The height of risers shall not exceed 73/4 inches (197 mm), and treads, exclusive of nosing, shall be not less than 9 inches (229 mm) wide. Every tread less than 10 inches (254 mm) wide shall have a nosing, or effective projection, of approximately 1 inch (25.4 mm) over the level immediately below that tread Modifications by 2005 Supplement FBC Fire

Means of Egress 1009.7 Circular stairways. Exceptions:
(1) For occupancies in Group R-3, and within individual dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-2, both as applicable in Section (2) In Group R3 Occupancies, circular stairs may have a minimum tread depth of 9 inches (229 mm) with 1 inch (25.4 mm) of nosing, and the smaller radius may be less than twice the width of the stairway. 2005 Supplement. Section to add new Number2. to read as shown: Circular stairways. Circular stairways shall have a minimum tread depth and a maximum riser height in accordance with Section and the smaller radius shall not be less than twice the width of the stairway. The minimum tread depth measured 12 inches (305 mm) from the narrower end of the tread shall not be less than 11 inches (279 mm). The minimum tread depth at the narrow end shall not be less than 10 inches (254 mm). Exceptions: (1) For occupancies in Group R-3, and within individual dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-2, both as applicable in Section (2) In Group R3 Occupancies, circular stairs may have a minimum tread depth of 9 inches (229 mm) with 1 inch (25.4 mm) of nosing, and the smaller radius may be less than twice the width of the stairway FBC Fire

Means of Egress Modify Exception 5 to handrail requirements:
5. Changes in room elevations of only one riser within dwelling units and sleeping units in Group R-2 and R-3 occupancies do not require handrails. In one- and two-family dwellings and within dwelling units in R2 occupancies, stairways having four or more risers above a floor or finished ground level shall be equipped with handrails located not less than 34 inches (864 mm) nor more than 38inches (965 mm) above the leading edge of a tread. 2005 Supplement. FBC Fire

Means of Egress Delete Exception 2 to handrail height provisions:
Exceptions: 1. Handrails for stairs not required to be accessible that form part of a guardrail may be 42 inches (1067 mm) high. 2. In one- and two-family dwellings and within dwelling units in R2 occupancies, stairways having four or more risers above a floor or finished ground level shall be equipped with handrails located not less than 34 inches (864 mm) nor more than 38 inches (965 mm) above the leading edge of a tread. 2005 Supplement. Section Change to read as shown: Height. Handrail height, measured above stair tread nosings, or finish surface of ramp slope shall be uniform, not less than 34 inches (864 mm) and not more than 38 inches (965 mm). Exceptions: 1. Handrails for stairs not required to be accessible that form part of a guardrail may be 42 inches (1067 mm) high. 2. In one- and two-family dwellings and within dwelling units in R2 occupancies, stairways having four or more risers above a floor or finished ground level shall be equipped with handrails located not less than 34 inches (864 mm) nor more than 38 inches (965 mm) above the leading edge of a tread. FBC Fire

Means of Egress Modify Table 1014: Occupancy Minimum Occupant Load
A,B,D,E,F,M,U, R2, R3 50 H-4, H-5, I-1, I-3, R-1, R-4 10 2005 Supplement. FBC Fire

Means of Egress Add Exception 3 to Section 1014.2.1:
3. In R1 and R2 occupancies, the distance between exits is not applicable to common nonlooped exit access corridors in a building that has corridor doors from the guest room or guest suite or dwelling unit which are arranged so that the exits are located in opposite directions from such doors.

Means of Egress Modify Table 1015.1: Occupancy W/O Sprinkler System
With Sprinkler System R 175 b 2005 Supplement. FBC Fire

Means of Egress 1031.3 Add a new section to read as shown:
Travel distance in group R1 and R2 occupancies. In group R1 and R2 occupancies travel distance within a guest room, guest suite or dwelling unit to a corridor door shall not exceed 75 feet (23 m) and allowed to be increased to125 feet when the building is protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with s 2005 Suplement Add a new section to read as shown: Travel distance in group R1 and R2 occupancies. In group R1 and R2 occupancies travel distance within a guest room, guest suite or dwelling unit to a corridor door shall not exceed 75 feet (23 m) and allowed to be increased to125 feet when the building is protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with s FBC Fire

Means of Egress Exit access travel distances are carried forward as Florida specific changes The provisions permitting a single exit have changed considerably Travel distances in both the Florida Building and Fire Prevention Codes were modified to bring the two codes into agreement. FBC Fire

TABLE 1018.2 BUILDINGS WITH ONE EXIT
OCCUPANCY MAX HEIGHT OF BUILDING ABOVE GRADE PLANE MAX OCCUPANTS/DWELLING UNITS PER FLOOR and TRAVEL DISTANCE A, B d, D, E, F, M, U 1 story 50 occupants and 75 feet travel distance H-2, H-3 3 occupants and 25 feet travel distance H-4, H-5, I, R 10 occupants and 75 feet travel distance S a 30 occupants and 100 feet travel distance B d, F, M, S a 2 stories 30 occupants and 75 feet travel distance R-2 2 stories c 4 dwelling units and 50 feet travel distance Notes on next slides. FBC Fire

Means of Egress Notes for Table 1018.2, Buildings With One Exit:
For the required number of exits for open parking structures, see Section For the required number of exits for air traffic control towers, see Section …continued FBC Fire

…continued Notes for Table , Buildings With One Exit: Buildings classified as Group R-2 equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section or and provided with emergency escape and rescue openings in accordance with Section 1025 shall have a maximum height of three stories above grade. FBC Fire

…continued Notes for Table , Buildings With One Exit: Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section with an occupancy in Group B shall have a maximum travel distance of 100 feet. FBC Fire

Means of Egress A number of exceptions to the requirements for enclosed stairways are provided (FBC §1019) Sections 1024 through 1033 provide special exit provisions by occupancy FBC Fire

Means of Egress The End FBC Fire

Overview Chapter 1 Administration Chapter 2 Definitions

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Overview Chapter 1 Administration Chapter 2 Definitions

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