1. Semester 1 CHAPTER 8 Le Chi Trung

2. Content
Network design and documentation.
Planning structured cabling.
Design practices.
Electricity and grounding.
Network power supply.

3. Schedule Date Lesson Lab No Name Est time Est Time 27-Aug
Chapter 7 Online Exam
8.1
Basics network design and documentations
0:20:00
8.2
Wiring closet specifications
8.3
Identifying potential wiring closets
8.4
Selection practice
Homework
29-Aug
8.5
Horizontal and backbone cabling
0:30:00
8.6
Electricity and grounding
0:15:00
8.7
Cabling and grounding
8.8
A wiring plan for Ethernet star topology LAN
8.9
Multiple earth ground problems
8.10
Power line problems
8.11
Surge suppressors and UPS functions
31-Aug
Chapter 8 Online Exam

4. NETWORK DESIGN AND DOCUMENTATION

5. General design process
Develop a Layer 1 LAN topology:
The type of cable (fiber, coaxial, CAT 5 …).
The physical (wiring) topology.
Types of Ethernet topologies.
Hub, repeater, closet, patch panel ...
Develop a Layer 2 LAN topology:
To add Layer 2 devices to your topology to improve its capabilities.
Develop a Layer 3 LAN topology:
Build scalable inter-networks.
Link to WANs.

6. Network design issues
Gather information about the organization.
Analyze and assess of the current and projected requirements.
Identify the resources and constraints of the organization.
Document the information in the framework of a format report.

7. Network design process
Designer: person doing the design.
Client: person who has requested, and is probably paying for, the design.
Users: persons who will be using the product.
Brainstorming: generation of creative ideas for the design.
Specifications development: usually numbers which will measure how well the design works.
Building and testing: to meet client objectives and satisfy certain standards.

8. General design methodology
Problem solving cycle.
Problem solving matrix.
Brainstorming.

9. Problem solving cycle

10. Problem solving matrix

11. Brainstorming
Quantity of ideas.
No censorship of ideas.
Building upon others ideas.
Wildest ideas possible.

12. Network design documents
Engineering journal.
Logical topology.
Physical topology.
Cut sheets.
Problem-solving matrices.
Labeled outlets.
Labeled cable runs.
Summary of outlets and cable runs.
Summary of devices, addresses.

13. Review
Understand about design process.
Design documentation.

14. PLANNING STRUCTURED CABLING

15. Cabling standard

16. Cabling terminologies

17. Horizontal cabling components

18. Horizontal cabling structure

19. Horizontal cables
4-pair 100 Ω UTP. 
2 fiber (duplex) 62.5/125 µm or multimode optical fiber.
50/125 µm multimode fiber will be allowed in ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.
A minimum of two telecommunication outlets are required for each individual work area.

20. Wiring closet: Overview

21. Wiring closet: Specification
A central point of a star topology.
Where the horizontal cabling runs must be attached and the patch panel must be installed.
The size will vary with the size of the LAN and the types of equipment required to operate it:
Each floor must have a minimum of one wiring closet.
Each 1000 m2 have a wiring closet.

22. Wiring closet: Size

23. Wiring closet: Environmental
Materials for walls, floors, and ceilings.
Temperature and humidity.
Locations and types of lighting.
Power outlets.
Room and equipment access.
Cable access and support.

24. Wiring closet: Wall, floor and ceiling
Rooms must not have a dropped, or false, ceiling
20mm plywood that is at least 2.4m
Minimum load capacity.
Raised floor or Ladder Rack Support.
Tiled, or some other type of finished surface.

25. Wiring closet: HVAC HVAC : Heating/Ventilation/Air Conditioning
Temperature : 21OC
Relative humidity : 30% - 50%
No water or steam pipes running through or above the room.
HVAC : Heating/Ventilation/Air Conditioning

26. Wiring closet: Lighting and Power
Minimum of two dedicated, non-switched, AC duplex electrical outlet.
At least one duplex power outlet positioned every 1.8m along each wall.
Power outlet should be positioned 150 mm above the floor.
A lighting switch should be placed immediately inside the door.
Florescent lighting should be avoided for cable pathways.

27. Wiring closet: Room and equipment
Wiring hub and patch panel were mounted to a wall with a hinged wall bracket.
Wiring hub and patch panel were mounted with distribution rack

28. Wiring closet: Cable access
Any wall/ceiling openings that
provide access for the conduit.
All horizontal cabling that runs from work areas to a wiring closet should be run under a raised floor.
When this is not possible, the cabling should be run through 10.2 cm sleeves that are placed above door level.

29. Wiring closet: Identification
Draw a floor plan approximately to scale.
Identify the devices that will be connected to the network.
MDF is secure locations that are close to the POP.
Choose potential wiring closet locations.
Determining number of wiring closets.

30. Wiring closet: Floor plan

31. Wiring closet: Star topology
Draw circles that represent a radius of 50m from potential wiring closets.

32. Wiring closet: Catchment area

33. Wiring closet: Potential location (PW)

34. Wiring closet: Identification PW
If there are any potential wiring closet whose catchment areas substantially overlap, you could probably eliminate one of the wiring closet.
If there are any potential wiring closet whose catchment areas can contain all of the devices that are to be connected to the network, then one of them could serve as the wiring closet for the entire.

35. Wiring closet: Practice
Do any of the circles overlap?
Can any of the PW locations be eliminated?
Do any of the circles provide coverage for all of the devices that will be connected to the network?
Which of the PW locations seems to be the best?
Are there any circles where only a few of the devices fall outside the catchment area?
Which PW is closest to the POP?
Based on your findings, list the three best possible locations for wiring closets.
Based on your findings, how many wiring closets do you believe will be required for this network?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the PW?

36. Wiring closet: Practice (cont.)

37. Wiring closet: Practice (PWs)

38. Wiring closet: HOMEWORK
Teamwork:
5 groups.
Object:
Identification wiring closets for floor plan.
Presentation:
5-10 minutes per group.
Tools:
Microsoft Visio, Microsoft PowerPoint…
Feedback:
From other students.

39. Multiple Wiring closet: MDF and IDF
MDF: Main distribution facility
IDF: Intermediate distribution facility.

40. Multiple Wiring closet: Multi-story
The MDF is usually located on one of the middle floors of the building, even though the POP might be located on the first floor, or in the basement.

41. Intermediate and main cross-connects.
Backbone: Components
Backbone cabling runs.
Intermediate and main cross-connects.
Patch cords used for backbone-to-backbone cross-connections.
Vertical networking media between wiring closets on different floors.
Networking media between the MDF and the POP.
Networking media used between buildings in a multi-building campus.

42. Backbone: Structure

43. Backbone: Media
100 Ω UTP (four-pair).
150 Ω STP (two-pair).
62.5/125 µm multimode optical fiber.
Single-mode optical fiber.
Although TIA/EIA-568-A recognizes 50Ω coaxial cable, generally, it is not recommended for new installations.

44. Each IDF can be connected directly to the main distribution facility.
Backbone: TIA/EIA-568-A
Each IDF can be connected directly to the main distribution facility.
IDF: horizontal cross-connect (HCC).
MDF: main cross-connect (MCC).
1st IDF interconnected to a 2nd IDF. The 2nd IDF is then connected to the MDF.
2nd IDF: intermediate cross-connect (ICC).
No more than one ICC can be passed through to reach the MCC.

45. Backbone: TIA/EIA-568-A (type A)

46. Backbone: TIA/EIA-568-A (type B)

47. Backbone: Maximum distance

48. Backbone: Single mode FO (type A)

49. Backbone: Single mode FO (type B)

50. Review
What is a wiring closet and how to identify the wiring closets?
What is the backbone cabling?
What are HCC, ICC and MCC?

51. DESIGN PRACTICES

52. Design 1: Overview The campus has three buildings.
Each building is two stories tall.
The dimensions of the main building are 40 m. x 37 m.
The dimensions of both the east building and the west building are 40 m. x 23 m.
Each building has a different earth ground.
Each building has only a single earth ground.
All floors are covered with ceramic tile, unless otherwise specified.

53. Design 1: Ethernet star topology

54. Design 1: Main building

55. Design 1: East building

56. Design 1: West building

57. Design 1: Your plan Location of the MDF. Location and number of IDFs.
Identity of IDFs used as HCCs.
Identity of IDFs used as ICCs.
Location of all backbone cabling runs between MDF and IDFs.
Location of any backbone cabling runs between IDFs.
Location of all horizontal cabling runs from IDFs to work areas.

58. Design 1: Preparation Teamwork: Presentation: Tools: Feedback:
5 groups.
Presentation:
10 minutes per group.
Tools:
Microsoft Visio, Microsoft PowerPoint…
Feedback:
From other students.

59. Design 2: Overview The campus has three buildings.
Each building is two stories tall.
The dimensions of the main building are 40m. x 37m.
The dimensions of both the east building and the west building are 40m. x 23m.
Each building has a different earth ground.
Each building has only a single earth ground.
All floors are covered with ceramic tile, unless otherwise specified.

60. Design 2: Multiple earth group

61. Review
Present your solution for design 1.

62. ELECTRICITY AND GROUNDING

63. AC and DC

64. AC Line noise

65. Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
Static electricity.
The most damaging and uncontrollable form of electricity.
ESD must be dealt with in order to protect sensitive electronic equipment.
ESDs can destroy semiconductors.
A solution that can help solve problems that arise from ESD is good grounding.

66. Safety grounding
Third connector in power socket is called the safety ground connection.
The safety ground wire is connected to any exposed metal part of equipments.
The motherboards and computing circuits in computing equipment are electrically connected to the chassis, this also connects them to the safety grounding wire.

67. Purpose of safety grounding
Be used to dissipate static electricity.
Prevent such metal parts from becoming energized with a hazardous voltage resulting from a wiring fault inside the device.
Whenever an electrical current is passed through this path into the ground, it causes protective devices such as circuit breakers to activate.

68. Grounding wire

69. Multi-ground connections
Large buildings frequently require more than one earth ground.
Separate earth grounds for each building are required in multi-building campuses.
When ground wires in separate locations have slightly different potential (voltage), to the common and hot wires, they can present a serious problem.
This errant potential voltage would have the ability to severely damage delicate computer memory chips.

70. Network devices on separate building

71. Dangerous circuit
Due to the ground wires for the devices in one location having a slightly different potential to both the common and hotwires than the ground wires for the devices in the second location.
Anyone touching the chassis of a device on the network would receive a nasty shock.
A good way to avoid having current pass through the body, and through the heart, is to use the one hand rule.

72. Avoiding dangerous circuit
TIA/EIA-568-A specifications for backbone cabling permit the use of fiber optic cable, as well as UTP cable.
When multiple buildings are to be networked, it is highly desirable to use fiber-optic cable as the backbone.
Whenever copper is used for backbone cabling, it can provide a pathway for lighting strikes to enter a building.

73. Review
What are the purposes of safety grounding?
How to avoid dangerous circuit?

74. NETWORK POWER SUPPLY

75. Power problem

76. Normal mode and common mode
Normal mode problems do not, ordinarily, pose a hazard to you or to your computer. This is because they are usually intercepted by a computer's power supply, an uninterruptible power supply, or an AC power line filter.
Common mode problems, on the other hand, can go directly to a computer's chassis without an intervening filter. Therefore they can do more damage to data signals than normal mode problems. In addition, they are harder to detect.

77. Power line problem: Total loss

78. Power line problem: Sag and Surge

79. Power line problem: Spike

80. Power line problem: Noise

81. Power problems damage
Lockups.
Loss of memory.
Problems in retrieving data.
Altered data.
Garbling.
Protection products can save your data equipment from damage caused by direct contact with lightning, power lines, or electrostatic discharge.

82. Protection solutions

83. Surge protector
To protect the system equipment from surges introduced between the building entrance and the system equipment, install the inline surge protector between those two points and as close as possible to the equipment being protected.
To protect the system equipment from surges introduced between the system equipment and the work area, install the inline surge protector between those two points and as close as possible to the equipment being protected.
To protect the work area equipment that is connected to the Local Exchange Carrier (LEC), Campus Backbone Cabling or System Equipment. If the work area equipment operates over more than one-pair, install the inline surge protector as close as possible to the equipment being protected.

84. Surge suppressor
Prevent surges and spikes from damaging the networking device.
A device called a metal oxide varistor (MOV) is most often used as this type of surge suppressor.
Protects the networking devices by redirecting excess voltages, that occur during spikes and surges, to a ground.
This type of surge suppressor has a limited lifetime.
This type of surge suppressor would not be the best choice for your network.

85. Uninterruptible Power Supply
An uninterruptible power source is designed to handle only short-duration power outages.
If a LAN requires uninterrupted power, even during power outages that could last several hours, then a generator would be needed to supplement the backup provided by a UPS.

86. UPS Components

87. UPS Types

88. Review
Power line problems.
The solutions for power problems.
Purposes of UPS.

89. Good Luck on The Test