1. Modals Present and Future Forms

2. Modals Modal do not express tense or time, but they change the meaning of the base verb. The meaning changes according to the context of the sentence.

3. Present Modals: 1.Can, could 2.Will, would 3. Should, ought to 4.May, might 5. Must

4. Semi-Modals am is are have to / has to able to

5. Can, Could can, could = ability For example: Can : 1.Mary can teach reading class. 2· Dalia can speak Italian. Could: 1.John could ride a unicycle when he was younger. 2· Amie could play tennis well when he was a teenager. ·

6. I can see you..

7. Can, Could, Be able to Now there are some differences between be able to and could There are some words which help us to put be able to like : happily, fortunately, luckily, in this case we use be able to which means something I was able to do it And we use could when there is something I can do it but I did not do it

8. Will, Would We use it to ask someone to do something, or to do something in the future. For example:- Will: 1. Will you go to the shop for me? 2. I will go to Paris next week. Would: 1. Would you do me a favour?

9. Should, Ought to Should, ought to = to give someone advice. For example : 1. You should study hard to pass your exams. 2. You ought to study hard to pass your exams.

10. You should study hard!

11. May, Might May, might = possible action in the future For example: It may rain, wear your coat. I might come to visit you.

12. Must, Have to Must= it’s necessary to do something You must study a lot if you want to succeed. / You have to study hard Mustn’t =prohibition You mustn’t smoke here don’t have to= absence of necessity You don’t have to do it now, you may do it tomorrow.

13. You must study

14. Some Reference www.englishforums.com www.bramjnet.com By Dalia Irshaid, Dima Jaradat, Rawan Ya’badawi