1. THE NEW DEAL and FDR

2. FDR Franklin Delano Roosevelt Struck by Polio in 1921
Elected Govern of NY in 1928 and 1930
Spoke about the “forgotten man”
Politically Suave

3. Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt Pushed FDR to maintain political career
Big leader of the female wing of the Democratic party in 1920s and early 1930s.
Became the “Conscience of the New Deal”
She is the most active first lady in American History

4. “I pledge you, I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people.”
Election 1932
“I pledge you, I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people.”
FDR ( Democratic Party)
Hoover (Republican)
FDR wins
African-Americans traditionally loyal to the Republican party swung to the Democratic party

5. Depression 1932 25-33% Unemployment About 25% of all banks failed
25% of Farmers lost their farms
Large numbers of businesses failed
Loss of self-worth among millions of Americans

6. New Deal Begins FDR and his inner circle “Brain Trust” Cordell Hull
Frances Perkins
Harold L. Ickes
Harry Hopkins
Eleanor Roosevelt

7. First Hundred Days (March 9-June 16 1933
“Three R’s”
Relief
Recovery
Reform
Short-Range goals: Relief and immediate recovery (next two years)
Long-Range permanent recovery and reform of current abuses
3 R’s

8. New Deal 1933-1938 Programs CCC WPA TVA SSA FERA NYA AAA SEC NIRA NLRB
PWA
FDIC

9. Civilian Conservation Corps
March 31, 1933
Most Popular New Deal Programs
Employed 2.75 Million young men (18-24)
Reforestation, firefighting, flood control , swamp drainage, develop national parks
Under direction of the War Department
Their payment made to the family of each member

10. Tennessee Valley Authority
May 1933
Intended to reform the power monopoly of utility companies by building hydroelectric power plants in the Tennessee Valley
20 dams build in an area of 40,000 sq. miles to stop floods and soil erosion and generate hydroelectric power

11. Federal Emergency Relief Administration
May 12,1933
Headed by Harry Hopkins
Gave $3 million to states for direct dole payments
People who were unemployed were
“On the Dole”

12. Agricultural Adjustment Administration
May 12, 1933
Attempted to eliminate price-depressing surpluses by paying growers to reduce their crop acreage – subsides
Federal Farm Loan Act
Allocated million of
dollars to help farmers
meet their mortgages

13. National Industrial Recovery Administration
June 16, 1933
Most complex and far reaching of New Deal programs was designed to prevent extreme competition, labor-management, disputes and over-production
NRA
Blue Eagle was displayed by merchants adhering to NRA codes with the slogan “we do our part”

14. Public Works Administration
Created by NIRA… 1933
Harold L. Ikes
Gave $4 billion state and local governments to provide jobs for 34,000 public projects
Building schools, dames, government buildings, sewage systems, highways
(Modernize Nations infrastructure)

15. Works Progress Administration
May 1935
Employed nearly 9 million people on public projects
Buildings bridges, hard- surfaced roads airports, schools and hospitals
Total Cost: 11.4 Billion eventually employed 40% of the nation’s workers
Works Progress Administration

16. Social Security Act August 1935
On of the most far-reaching laws ever to pass Congress
Provided for federal-state unemployment insurance
Provided for old-age pensions for retired workers
Financed by a payroll tax on both employers and employees

17. National Youth Association
June 1935
Created by the WPA
Provided part-time jobs for high school and college students

18. Securities and Exchange commission
1933
Empowered to license and regulate stock exchanges as well as regulate the investment banking industry
One of the most important projects of the new deal

19. National Labor Relations Board
1935
Known as the Wagner Act
Guaranteed workers the rights to unionize and bargain collectively and would investigate any business trying to destroy labor unions.

20. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
1933
Known as the Glass-Steagall Act
Insured all savings bank deposits up $2,500
Currently the amount is $100,000

21. Critics of The New Deal Was not as successful as it was thought to be
Did not help women and minorities as much as it helped the white man
Political Right… To much of government involvement
Political Left… Not enough assistance
Father Charles E. Coughlin…
Huey Long…

22. Packing the Court

23. Lasting Impressions
Still reap benefits from the CCC (dams, buildings, national state parks etc.)
TVA remains a model of government planning
FDIC still guarantees bank deposits
SEC still monitors the stock market
AAA still helps regulate farming
Social Security