1. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Two experts group have prepared reports on the future of university/research relations They have proposed a set of analysis on the changes in the process of knowledge creation, building on changes in the organisation of research activities and needs of the labour market

2. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Knowledge creation must more and more integrate tacit knowledge based on experience, this point is also in relation with the increased demand from workers for long life learning and with the everyday increasing request for new skills and competences

3. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Codified knowledge Statement : University produces codified knowledge : mainly articles. The quality and importance of these papers are determined by the scientific community (the peer review). Two challenges : - With the growth of the Internet publications : the question of the quality control of the papers ? - How to evaluate multi-disciplinary research

4. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Embodied knowledge, competencies Statement In the knowledge economy the role of human resources is crucial. Training and education are one of the important outputs of universities and research. Challenge to develop the team work capabilities of the students, their evaluation and communication capabilities, their understanding of mechanisms… to create « reflexive practitioners » able to learn to learn. Recommendations to include the spirit of research into our students to encourage the exchange of experiences of learning to increase research on learning methodology

5. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Knowledge for public policies & society Two statements Research contributes to the production collective goods, well-being, culture and public policies, Other producers : large innovative firms, start-ups, think tanks, foundations, consortia, associations, non profit organizations… Challenges These interactions produce new knowledge The ability of university of moving in changing problem spaces and the capacity of connecting with other knowledge producers Recommendations To favour RD and innovation in collective goods (environment, transportation, culture…). Cooperation « hard sciences » & social sciences. To open universities to practitioners & unemployed people…

6. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Knowledge in the process of innovation Statements Links with firms, research contracts, technological programmes, patenting and licensing, spin-off companies = sources of new knowledge a part of codified knowledge : patents and papers, a large part of tacit knowledge Challenge Evaluation and certification on the tacit knowledge

7. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Recommandations There is no « one best way » for the university of tomorrow, to not over standardize, to give place for diversity, To be awake at the inter-relationship between the 4 modes, a balance between them, variety of choices (role of the management), Specific evaluation for researchers (variety of careers) and certification for experience & tacit knowledge…

8. KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: THE NEW ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES Conclusion Research is becoming an openly multi-dimensional and all- embracing activity that must contribute simultaneously to the production of certified knowledge, of professional skills, of competitive advantages for the firms, of collective goods and well-being and also to a culture and to collective decision- making involving as many participants as possible. The public policy has to encourage and to facilitate the establishment of widespread relations, to increase the number and flexibility of interactions between different actors, betweens different research producers or users

9. QUESTIONS Which are the suitable qualitative and quantitative indicators to monitor the knowledge production and to asset its value in a standard system recognised all over Europe? Who is entitled to promote the advancements in the setting up of a new frame of certification of knowledge? How is the contribution ICTs make to the creation and exploitation of intangible values in business activities, i.e. assets such as intellectual property, information sharing capabilities and specialist know-how ? What knowledge production scheme will be accepted in what type of society What will be the consequences for the practices in this type of society? Should the task today be: understanding and utilising the open alternative (discursive) nature of cognition for a better society?