1. Visualizing Technology Chapter 9 – Networks and Communication
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2. CHAPTER 9 Discuss the importance of computer networks.
Compare different types of LANs and WANs.
List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks.
List and describe the software and protocols used in both wired and wireless networks.
Explain how to protect a network.
Identify the certifications and careers related to computer networks.
Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

3. CHAPTER 9 – RUNNING PROJECT
Questions about computer networks and communication.
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4. Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks.
A computer network is two or more computers that share resources. Network resources can be software, hardware, or files. Computer networks save us both time and money and make it easier for us to work.
Before computers were connected in networks, moving files between them involved physically putting them on a sign and carrying the disk to the new machine. This is referred to as “sneakernet”
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5. Peer-to-Peer Networks Home P2P network (below)
No centralized authority
Workgroup
Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks.
Figure 9.1
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6. Windows 7 Network and Sharing Center Configure sharing options
Printer connected to desktop – share printer with notebook through home network
Network map
Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks.
Figure 9.2
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7. Network a group of W7 computers
Homegroup
Network a group of W7 computers
Share pictures, music, video libraries and printers
Home Premium
Professional
Ultimate
Enterprise
Homegroup set up (right)
GEOGHAND-TAB (vista)
Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks.
Figure 9.4
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8. Client-Server Networks Server provides centralized network Log in
Access granted to resources
Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks.
Figure 9.7
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9. Windows Home Server
A network operating system specifically designed to be used on a home network.
Use the Internet to find out more about it.
What features does it include? What are the hardware requirements? How much does it cost? Is it worth it?
Article 1 – From Sneakernet to Hotspots | Objective 1 – Discuss the importance of computer networks.
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10. Server Multiuser computer system Runs a networking OS (NOS)
Provides services
Clients
Small to large
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11. Key Terms 3 Things You Need to Know Running Project Computer network
Client
client-server network
computer network
homegroup
network resource
P2P
server
workgroup
3 Things You Need to Know
Computer network
P2P
Client-server network
Running Project
Examine the network settings on your computer as described in this article. Does it belong to a workgroup? A homegroup? A client-server network? What resources does it share?
Include a screen shot of the Network and Sharing Center and other screen that you used to find this information.
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12. How To – Share Files and Printers using a Windows Homegroup
Part A – Create a Homegroup
Check if your computer belongs to a homegroup.
Open Windows Explorer.
Click Homegroup.
If one doesn’t exist, you can create one.
Click Create a homegroup.
Take a screen shot of this window and paste it into your document.
If you don’t see the option, skip to Part B.
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13. 8. Choose what you want to share and then click Next.
9. Which resources were shared by default? Which resources did you choose to share?
10. A homegroup password is automatically generated. Use this password on your other Windows 7 computers to join the homegroup.
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14. Part B – Join a Homegroup Open Windows Explorer, click Homegroup.
If you don’t belong to a Homegroup but Windows detects one, you’ll see the message Share with other home computers running W7.
Click Join now.
If you already belong to a homegroup, skip to Part C.
Choose what you want and click Next.
Click Finish.
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15. Part C – Examine Homegroup Settings
On a computer that belongs to a homegroup, open the Network and Sharing Center by clicking the network icon on the taskbar.
Click Choose homegroup and sharing options.
Under Share libraries and printers, check the resources that you want to learn.
Take a screen shot of this window, paste it into your document, and then click Save changes at the bottom of the page.
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16. 6. Click OK to return to the Change homegroup settings window.
5. Take a screen shot of the Media streaming option window. Are there any devices that are blocked?
6. Click OK to return to the Change homegroup settings window.
7. Click Change advanced sharing settings.
8. Examine the settings for the Home or Work profile and the Public network profile. How are they different? How are they the same?
9. Save this file as:
Lastname_Firstname_Ch09_HowTo
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17. Article 2 – LANS and WANS Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs.
Networks come in many different shapes and sizes.
In this article, we discuss some of the most common types of networks you’ll find in both homes and businesses.
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18. Business LAN – client-server network
Small Networks
LAN
Home network – P2P
Business LAN – client-server network
Computers, printers, servers, network hardware all connected (left)
Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs
Figure 9.8
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19. Personal are network PAN – Bluetooth Limited range – 30 to 300 feet
Low-power Class 2 radio – 30 feet and 3Mbps
Mice, keyboards, white boards, headsets, cell phones, PDAs, cameras, media players, video game consoles and printers
WLAN – WiFi
Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs
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20. How data is transmitted over a LAN Most widely implemented
Ethernet
How data is transmitted over a LAN
Most widely implemented
Transmit signals over twisted-pair-cable, fiber-optic cable, and WiFi
10Mbps to 10 Gbps
Max speed dependent upon type of media and hardware
100 Mbps Ethernet
Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs
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21. Connects multiple LANs with dedicated lines and routers
Large Networks
WAN
Multiple locations
Connects multiple LANs with dedicated lines and routers
Example – College with multiple campuses
Slower and more expensive than LAN
Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs
Figure 9.9A
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22. Virtual private networks Private network through Internet
VPN
Virtual private networks
Private network through Internet
Encrypted for security
Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs
Figure 9.10
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23. Campus Area Network (CAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Enterprise Network
Campus Area Network (CAN)
LANs connected to each other using routers
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Covers a single geographic area
Storage Area Network (SAN)
Massive amounts of information to move and store
Between data storage devices and the servers on a network
Cellular Networks
Cell towers
3G and 4G
Article 2 – LANs and WANs | Objective 2 – Compare different types of LANs and WANs
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24. Key Terms CAN cellular network Ethernet LAN MAN PAN VPN WAN WLAN
5 Things You Need to Know
LAN
Wireless network types
Ethernet
WAN
VPN
Running Project
Make a list of networks that you use.
Include home, cellular, work, and school networks.
Label each as a LAN, WAN, or one of the other network types described in this article.
List the devices you use to connect to each.
What resources do you access?
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25. Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks.
Every network has two major components:
Hardware – to create the physical connections between devices and
Software – to configure the resource and security.
In this article, we look at the hardware needed to create different types of networks.
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26. Hardware for P2P less complicated than client-server network
Network Adapters
Hardware for P2P less complicated than client-server network
Simplest P2P – two
devices sharing files using
wireless
Example – beam data
from a smartphone to a
Computer
Network adapter (left) – RJ-45
Twisted-pair, Ethernet cable, Cat-5
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.11 A
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27. Speed, location, and security Bits per second
Wired Networks
Speed, location, and security
Bits per second
1,000 megabits per second
FastEthernet connections = 100 Mbps
Less interference
More secure
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

28. WiFi homes and hotspots – IEEE 802.11 standards USB wireless adapter
Wireless Networks
WiFi homes and hotspots – IEEE standards
USB wireless adapter
WiFi Alliance
WLAN
Ad hoc network
Infrastructure wireless network
3G or 4G adapter
Network icon on taskbar
Right – 3G adapter, Bluetooth
adapter, modem, wired Ethernet adapter,
Wireless adapter
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.13
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29. A comparison of WiFI standards
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.12
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30. Cable, DSL – digital modems FiOS – optical network terminal (ONT)
Network Hardware
Dial-up modem
Cable, DSL – digital modems
FiOS – optical network terminal (ONT)
Wireless routers
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31. Connects two or more networks together Address information
Router
Connects two or more networks together
Home network to the Internet
Address information
Route data packets
Home network – router is a convergence device
Backbone of internet
Network map (right)
shows both a router
and a switch
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.14
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32. Built-in router or separate device Large WAN may have many WAPs
Wireless Access point
Device that allows wireless devices to join a network much like a switch
Built-in router or separate device
Large WAN may have many WAPs
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
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33. Devices found in a home network
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.15
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34. Blocks unauthorized access Software firewalls – W7
Hardware firewalls – router or standalone device
Check outgoing and incoming data packets
Filters
Article 3 – The Networking Hardware Store | Objective 3 – List and describe the hardware
used in both wired and wireless networks.
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35. Key Terms 4 Things You Need to Know Running Project Network adapter
ad hoc network
firewall
infrastructure wireless network
modem
network adapter
ONT
router
switch
WAP
4 Things You Need to Know
Network adapter
Modem and ONT
Router
Firewall
Running Project
Open the Network Connections window as described in this article.
What adapters are installed on your computer?
What type of networks do they connect to?
Which of them are connected now?
Include a screen shot of the window.
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36. Article 4 – The Softer Side Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols used in both wired and wireless networks.
Network hardware allows devices to physically connect to each other, but it’s the software and protocols that allow them to communicate with and understand each other.
In this article, we look at network operating systems, communication software, and protocols that make a network work.
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37. Peer-to-peer Network Software Operating systems
Client for Microsoft Networks
To verify that Client is installed:
Open Network and Sharing Center
Click Change adapter settings
Right-click the active adapter
Choose Properties (right)
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.16
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38. Running Mac OS X to a Windows network
W7 Workgroup
Running Mac OS X to a Windows network
Mac belongs to the same workgroup
Linux
An Ubuntu Linux computer can
detect a Windows workgroup (right)
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.17
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39. Client-Server Network Server Client makes requests Server fulfills
Microsoft Server OS
Domain
Log in to multiple servers
Security database
Special client software
( , FTP, etc.)
Using a Web browser as an
client (right)
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.18
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40. Network Operating System NOS Controls software and hardware
Multiple clients communicate
with the server
Centralizes resources and security
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
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41. Servers Classified by the type of services they provide
Common services include:
File and print
Database
Web chat
Audio/video
Applications
Most common network OS
Microsoft Windows (2003, 2008)
Linux (Red Hat, SUSE)
UNIX (HP-UX, IBM AIX, Sun Solaris)
Novell (Netware, SUSE)
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
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42. Network Protocols Hardware connects devices
Protocols allow communication
Define rules between devices
Rules determine how data is:
Formatted
Transmitted
Received
Acknowledged
Without protocols, no communication
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
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43. TCP/IP Transmission control protocol / Internet protocol
Most important
Suite that defines how to:
Transfer files (FTP)
Web pages (HTTP)
Sending (SMTP)
Receiving (POP)
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.19
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44. Network Protocols TCP/IP Stack
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.20
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45. TCP/IP Internet protocol LAN Default for Windows, Mac, Linux
Version 4 or 6
IP address
DHCP protocol
Article 4 – The Softer Side | Objective 4 – List and describe the software and protocols in both wired and wireless networks.
Figure 9.21
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46. Server Virtualization
Utilizes idle computer capabilities
Example – Exchange server and an
Apache Web server on the same computer
Run at same time, sharing hardware but not interacting
To client they appear to be separate servers
Component of cloud computing
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
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47. Mac Protocols
Before the need for Internet access necessitated the use of TCP/IP, Mac computers used different protocols to talk to each other. Use the Internet to find out how they did this.
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48. Key Terms domain IP NOS protocol TCP TCP/IP
5 Things You Need to Know
P2P
Domain
Clients
Server software
Protocols
Running Project
Make a list of networks you can use.
Include home, cellular, work, and school networks.
List the software clients that you can use to connect to each.
What resources do you access?
Do you use different clients to access different resources?
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49. Article 5 – Protecting Your Network Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network.
A few years ago, network security was only a concern to network administrators in large businesses; but today, with networks everywhere, it has become a larger problem.
Just as you use layers of security at home – fences, door locks – the same approach should be used with network security.
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50. Layer 1 – The Fence Firewall Home – router
Business – stand-alone device
Examines data packets
Shield
Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network.
Figure 9.22
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51. Layer 2 – Door Locks Network configuration Access Usernames
Strong passwords
Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network.
Figure 9.23
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52. Raise difficulty level
Layer 3 – Alarm Systems
Software-based firewalls (below)
Antivirus
Detects breaches
Layer 4 – Guard Dogs
Up-to-date
Raise difficulty level
Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network.
Figure 9.24
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53. Ethics Piggybacking Why not? Statutes vague Detection Wardriving
Wardriving communities
Article 5 – Protecting Your Network | Objective 5 – Explain how to protect a network.
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54. Key Terms piggybacking wardriving
4 Things You Need to Know
Firewall
Passwords
Antivirus and antimalware software
Up-to-date and secure
Running Project
Make a list of networks you can use.
Include home, cellular, work, and school networks.
List the software clients that you can use to connect to each.
What resources do you access?
Do you use different clients to access different resources?
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55. Article 6 – What Can I Do With Knowledge About Computer Networks
Article 6 – What Can I Do With Knowledge About Computer Networks? Objective 6 – Identify the certifications and careers related to computer networks.
You’ll find computer networks in every type of business, and knowing how to access network resources is a critical skill for most employees.
However, there are some technical certifications and careers that require more extensive knowledge and skills. .
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56. Network Administrator (right)
Certifications
CompTIA
Network+ A+
Linux+
Microsoft
MCTS
MCITP
Cisco
Five levels
CCENT
Network Administrator (right)
Security+
Server +
Article 6 – What Can I Do With Knowledge About Computer Networks? | Objective 6 – Identify the certifications
and careers related to computer networks.
Figure 9.25
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57. Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

58. Chapter 9 Objectives Recap
Discuss the importance of computer networks.
Compare different types of LANs and WANs.
List and describe the hardware used in both wired and wireless networks.
List and describe the software and protocols used in both wired and wireless networks.
Explain how to protect a network.
Identify the certifications and careers related to computer networks.
Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology

59. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.  
Publishing as Prentice Hall
Copyright ©2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall        Visualizing Technology