1. Drill 11/28 Name 2 differences and 2 similarities between the English and American Bills of Rights.

2. The Scientific Revolution / Enlightenment

3. The roots of Modern Science Heliocentric vs Geocentric WHAT REVOLVES AROUND WHAT?

4. The medieval view  Geocentric  The Earth is a stable body and the universe revolves around it  Used the bible and tradition to support this view

5. Nicolaus Copernicus In the early 1500’s he studied planetary movements for 25 years Developed the HELIOCENTRIC view of the universe How did the church react?

6. Tycho Brahe Danish astronomer Made decades worth of mathematical observations Died before they could be fully analyzed

7. Johannes Kepler Brahe’s assistant Brilliant mathematician Discovered laws of planetary motion

8. Drill 12/3 In what newsletter did Galileo publish his findings in 1610? Why were Galileo’s findings so controversial?

9. Galileo Galilei Italian astronomer and scientist Invented the modern telescope Discovered laws regarding gravity and motion In 1610 published the newsletter Starry Messenger

10. The Church Reaction…….. Ehhhhhh, NO. Just NO. NO! NO!!! Cardinal Robert Bellarmie

11. Psalm 104:5 - "[the LORD] set the earth on its foundations; it can never be moved." Ecclesiastes 1:5 - "And the sun rises and sets and returns to its place, etc."[[

12. Galileo Faces an Inquisition 1616, Roman authorities force him to renounce his claims He is ordered not to publish it as FACT again

13. 1632 With the OK of Rome he publishes Dialogue Concerning Two Chief World Systems

14. 1632 It was ordered by Pope Urban VIII He wanted to put the issue to rest He LIKED Galileo

15. Whether it was intentional or not  Galileo CLEARLY favors his own views  The geocentric side is filled with contradictions  He uses the Pope’s own words against him This angered the Pope and Urban VIII called for his inquisition

16. 1633 Under threat of torture he is forced to renounce his views He is placed under house arrest until he dies in 1642

17. Drill 11/30 How did the renaissance and the age of exploration influence the scientific revolution?

18. The Enlightenment

19. The Philosophes Reason Nature Happiness Progress Liberty

20. Voltiare The penname of François Marie Arouet Poet, essayist, satirist Viciously attacked France and the Church Fled France, but continued to write

21. Montesquieu Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu Aristocrat, Lawyer Believed Britain was the best governed body SEPARATION OF POWERS

22. Rousseau Jean Jacques Rousseau Essayist

23. Rousseau “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” All men were born free and society forces us into unjust laws Wrote The Social Contract,1762

24. Complete parts A+ B of the guided Reading We will complete C in class tomorrow when we dig deeper into Locke and Hobbes

25. Drill 12/3 Who were the Philosophes? How did they influence the various revolutions that would come later?

26. Natural Law The laws that men abide by that are given through nature They exist everywhere because we all come from a natural state

27. Social Contract Theory Everyone starts with natural rights We voluntarily give up some of those rights to maintain social order The implied contract between a government and its citizens

28. Thomas Hobbes English Philosopher Published Leviathan 1651 Different concept of Natural Law and humanity

29. Hobbes In Leviathan  The natural state of man is wicked  Survival of the fittest  Man NEEDS a government to maintain order He preferred an absolute Monarch

30. John Locke English Philosopher Writer, Lawyer, philosopher Two Treatises on Government 1688

31. Locke “Tabula Rasa”  Blank Slate  People are born clean, society creates ideals Rights of LIFE, LIBERTY and PROPERTY

32. Write a BCR for part C of your work from yesterday. This will be collected

33. Drill 12/4 Explain the difference between Locke and Hobbes

34. Thomas Hobbes English Philosopher Published Leviathan 1651 Different concept of Natural Law and humanity

35. Hobbes In Leviathan  The natural state of man is wicked  Survival of the fittest  Man NEEDS a government to maintain order He preferred an absolute Monarch

36. John Locke English Philosopher Writer, Lawyer, philosopher Two Treatises on Government 1688

37. Locke “Tabula Rasa”  Blank Slate  People are born clean, society creates ideals Rights of LIFE, LIBERTY and PROPERTY

38. Denis Diderot French writer + Philosopher Wrote The Encyclopedia  1751-1766

39. The Encyclopedia It was exactly what it sounded like A collection of articles from various authors  Authors like Voltaire, Montesquieu and Rousseau  Plus many many others

40. The Encyclopedia 35 volumes 75 thousand + articles The first 28 were edited by Diderot himself

41. The encyclopedia collected the many ideas of the enlightenment and placed them all in one spot By 1757 subscription had grown to over 4,000 subscribers

42. Government reaction By 1757 The Encyclopedia was one of the most well-known books in France It was filled with anti-establishment ideas The government felt it was being produced by a band of rebels Wanted the project ended

43. Diderot flees By this time Diderot, under threat of arrest and maybe death must flee France He continues work on the texts in Switzerland and various other countries

44. By the time of its completion it is one of the most popular series in Europe Translated into English and German Literally called “Encyclopedia fever”

45. Drill 12/4 What two art styles were prevalent during Enlightenment Era Europe

46. The Enlightenment Through Art

47. Baroque Relating to a grand, ornate style  Music  Art  Architecture

48. Architecture The castle of Trier, Germany

49. Baroque Architecture LARGE scale Ornamentation, sculpture, facades Tall cielings

50. Neoclassical Relating to a simple elegant style reminiscent of the Greeks and Romans

51. Neoclassical Smooth lines Clean statuesque finish

53. It was a reaction to the ornate, sometimes messy baroque style.

54. The enlightenment travels Salon  A social gathering of intellectuals and artists.  Part of the urban culture of Paris during the Enlightenment  Could refer to a party held at a home

55. The Enlightenment’s Influence Read the Declaration of Independence answer questions 1-3 on the back