1. Model Driven Architecture: Four Years On Richard Mark Soley, Ph.D. Chairman and CEO

2. Are You Spending Wisely? Analysis, Design, Development, Test & Deployment: 10% Maintenance & Integration: 90%

3. Roadkill on the Info Highway Doing things “the way we always do them” isn’t the answer.

4. OMG: An Interesting History 1989: Founded 1990: CORBA 1 1995: CORBA 2 1996: Vertical specs 1997: UML 1 2001: MDA 2003: UML 2

5. Model Driven Architecture An initiative of the Object Management Group (OMG) A brand for tools based on OMG’s UML and MOF open standards A set of specifications defined by OMG’s open worldwide process

6. OMG’s Vision The Global Information Appliance

7. Not too bad for electrical power

8. …but a mess for telephony!

9. Heterogeneity is Permanent Programming languages –~3 million COBOL programmers –~1.6 million VB programmers –~1.1 million C/C++ programmers Operating systems –Unix, MVS, VMS, MacOS, Windows, PalmOS, Symbian… –Windows 3.1: it’s still out there! –Embedded devices (mobile, set-top, etc.) Networks –Ethernet, ATM, IP, SS7, Firewire, USB –Bluetooth, 802.11b, HomeRF

10. Where Can We Agree? There will not be consensus on hardware platforms There will not be consensus on operating systems There will not be consensus on network protocols There will not be consensus on programming languages There must be consensus on models, interfaces and interoperability!

11. OMG’s Mission Since 1989 Develop an architecture for (software) integration, with standards focused on: –reusability of components –interoperability & portability –basis in commercially available software Specifications freely available Implementations exist Member-controlled not-for-profit

12. Who Are OMG? Alcatel AT&T BEA Systems Borland Boeing Cape Clear Codagen Compuware DaimlerChrysler EDS Fraunhofer Fokus Fujitsu Hewlett Packard Hitachi Hyperion IBM IONA io Software Kabira Kennedy Carter John Deere L-3 Lockheed Martin MITRE Motorola NASA NEC Nokia NTT DoCoMo OASIS Object Consulting PRISM Technologies SAP SAS Institute Softeam Sun Microsystems Tata Unisys UTS W3C

13. How Can We Protect Software Investment? The problem is –Tracking the next best thing –Protecting your investment in existing software base –Retaining qualified staff –Maintaining existing code base Integrating what you’ve built –With what you are building –With what you will build!

14. The Model Driven Architecture OMG’s Model Driven Architecture (MDA TM ) initiative is aimed precisely at this problem You have an opportunity to increase your bottom line by integrating your assets Industry standards support that goal by future-proofing your application design The MDA will help you integrate the mix you have today, and give you an architecture to support the unexpected Focus on integrating legacy applications Ensure smooth integration of COTS applications Models are testable and simulatable The aim: a 20-year software architecture

15. What is Model Driven Architecture? A New Way to Specify and Build Systems –Based on modeling with UML –Supports full lifecycle: analysis, design, implementation, deployment, maintenance, evolution & integration with later systems –Builds in Interoperability and Portability –Lowers initial cost and maximizes ROI –Applies directly to the mix you face: Programming language  Network Operating system  Middleware

16. OMG’s Modeling Suite Unified Modeling Language –UML TM remains the world’s only standardized object-oriented modeling language, best-known part of the standard Common Warehouse Metamodel –CWM TM, the integration of the last two data warehousing initiatives Meta-Object Facility –MOF TM, the metadata integration standard –Defines metadata & metadata services –Perfect for the movement to DSL’s XML Metadata Interchange –XMI TM, the XML-UML standard –Cornerstone of UML tool interoperability –Actually just a collection of mapping rules XML/MOF

17. Model Driven Architecture

18. Leveraging UML is Critical The Unified Modeling Language is the successor to the dozens of OO A&D notations of the early ’90s. Result of an OMG adoption begun in ’96 and completed in ’97 Complemented with repository (MOF) and XML Metadata specs (XMI) Standardization primed the market –Over 200 books, in many languages –Dozens of commercial tools –Widely available training Supported by an open process –UML 2.0 & MOF 2.0 developed openly

19. UML Usage Statistics Source: BZ Research, August 2004 Current use of UML Plans for future use use of UML

20. Why Use UML? Source: BZ Research, August 2004

21. MDA Books Proliferating

22. Some more books

23. UML Certification Program OMG/UTI UML Certification Program  Starts November 2003  Worldwide (English & Japanese)  Three levels of accomplishment  Focused on UML 2.0  OMG ENDORSED

24. MDA FastStart Fast introduction to MDA technologies –Initial project selection and planning –Consulting –Mentoring –Training

25. Building an MDA Application Start with a Platform- Independent Model (PIM) representing business functionality and behavior, undistorted by technology details. Platform- Independent Model A Detailed Model, stating Pre- and Post- Conditions in OCL, and Semantics in Action Language

26. Generating Platform-Specific Model Platform- Independent Model Map a PIM to Specific Middleware Technologies via OMG Standard Mappings MDA tool applies a standard mapping to generate Platform- Specific Model (PSM) from the PIM. Code is partially automatic, partially hand-written. CORBA Model

27. Mapping to Multiple Deployment Technologies Platform- Independent Model CORBA Model MDA tool applies an standard mapping to generate Platform- Specific Model (PSM) from the PIM. Code is partially automatic, partially hand-written. Java/EJB Model XML/SOAP Model Other Model Map a PIM to Many Middleware Technologies via OMG Standard Mappings

28. Generating Implementations Platform- Independent Model CORBA Model MDA Tool generates all or most of the implementation code for deployment technology selected by the developer. Java/EJB Model CORBA XML/SOAP Model Java/EJB XML/SOAP Other Other Model Map PSM to application interfaces, code, GUI descriptors, SQL queries, etc.

29. Integrating Legacy & COTS Platform- Independent Model Legacy App MDA Tools for reverse engineering automate discovery of models for re-integration on new platforms. COTS App Other Other Model Reverse-engineer existing application into a model and redeploy.

30. MDA Benefits Full support for your “20 year architecture” across the application lifecycle Smooth integration across intra- and inter-business boundaries (across deployment technologies) Reduced costs from beginning to end Reuse of applications, code, training and people Technology-independent representation of the business Scalability, robustness & security via generated code Stable model-based approach maximizes ROI Rapid inclusion of the next best thing The CIO Problem Solver

31. MDA is Proven in Software Development Many excellent proofs-of-concept: –Banks, railroads, trading, insurance, manufacturing, healthcare, etc. –Adopted by UN/CEFACT, SWIFT, ACORD, HL7 and other key standards players Careful studies prove the point –The Middleware Company (TMC) –Electronic Data Systems (EDS)

32. The Middleware Company Two 3-person teams implementing Sun’s Pet Store –Typical 3-tier e-commerce, Sun Java Blueprints 35% cost savings using MDA tool –Traditional tools: 508 man-hours –MDA tools: 330 man-hours

33. TMC Conclusions “Based on the results of this case study, The Middleware Company is impressed by the productivity gains our MDA team experienced using the Model-Driven Architecture. We encourage organizations that wish to improve their developer productivity to evaluate MDA-based development tools for their projects, especially those involving enterprise-class applications and web services. While a short introduction to the MDA approach and tools might be necessary for development teams, the productivity benefits gained from the approach - especially for work on subsequent applications - make the effort significantly worthwhile.” Most interesting result: bugs found by traditional team were higher-level – MDA tools allow shakeout of high-level design much earlier in the development process. http://www.compuware.com/dl/MDAComparisonTMCfinal.pdf

34. Electronic Data Systems study Three parallel implementations –J2EE: 14,000 hand-coded lines –.Net/C#: 4,000 hand-coded lines –OptimalJ: 600 hand-coded lines Conversion from J2EE 1.1-2.0 –Projected: several months –Using OptimalJ: 30 minutes

35. EDS Coding Results

36. EDS Conclusions “MDA helps organizations achieve agile and adaptable IT so they can overcome... business challenges. Through this evolutionary approach, collaborative teams can enjoy a wide range of compelling business benefits: Rapid inclusion of emerging technology benefits into existing systems Reduced cost throughout the application life cycle Reduced development time for new applications Increased return on technology investments Improved application quality” http://www.eds.com/thought/thought_leadership_agility_model_arch.pdf

37. MDA in Practice Several excellent proofs-of-concept: –Wells Fargo (an architecture that has already been resilient through a decade of change) –Lockheed Martin Aeronautics –GCPR in US government –Deutsche Bank Bauspar –Defense Information Systems –Merrill Lynch –Österreichische Bundesbahn –Thales Training & Simulation –Zuercher Kantonal Bank –CGI –Chubb and Son

38. National Service Industries Upgrade 30-year-old legacy Initial proposal >5 years, >US$5MM Delivered in <1 year, US$1MM Initial 80% savings http://www.omg.org/mda/mda_files/NationalServicesIndustries.htm

39. Austrian Railways Integrated billing application (with scheduling, SAP management) Immense application (up to 400k EJB’s) Immediate, initial cost savings 35% http://www.io-software.com/customers/Success_Stories/SuccessStory_OeBB.pdf

40. CGI/Loto-Québec Major redevelopment of provincial lottery management for features & performance Calculated 32.2% cost reduction, 700% ROI Headcount and specialization savings 50% code reduction http://www.omg.org/mda/mda_files/Codagen_CGIstory.pdf

41. Lockheed Martin F-16 Modular Mission Computer Cross-platform mission solution 100% code generation 20% initial development savings http://www.omg.org/mda/mda_files/LockheedMartin.pdf

42. Outsourcing: Pros & Cons MDA supports outsourcing (lowers “cost of agreement” risk)… …but also removes one of the reasons. M1 Global Systems: internal app dev’t –$6.2MM expected cost –$2.3MM using MDA –$1.0MM using MDA, outsourced

43. MDA Four Years On 2000: initial impetus for initiative 2001: members carry initiative forward 2002: initial profiles 2003: UML 2, MOF 2 2004: BPM, Embedded

44. BPM & Embedded, Huh? Code generation isn’t the be-all to end-all The key idea is –Generic metamodeling –Capturing design –Supporting transformation –Reusing tools & expertise

45. MDA in the Verticals Finance: Payments Gateways Project Robotics: Household Robot Applications Healthcare: Healthcare Records Justice: Integrated Judicial/Penal Systems C4I: Geospatial Sensory Webs

46. MDA is a general pattern There is a general pattern to MDA: –Discover multiple syntaxes for a single semantic –Derive & design a model which underlies that semantic –Develop transformations between those models

47. Why Apply MDA? For vendors, leveraging products into patents, systems engineering, business process… For end-users, leveraging people, training and process Discover, derive, design Retarget as technology changes

48. Business Process Modeling Beginning of 2005 will feature new specifications: –Business Process Metamodel –BPM interface standards for interoperability –Business Rules Model

49. Embedded Systems Already a major focus for OMG in the CORBA world, Model Integrated Computing focuses on: –Generating embedded implementation from models –Real-time execution –“Executable UML”

50. MDA in Systems Engineering Early 2005, a new UML-based specification for Model-Driven Systems Engineering (SE): –Integrated hardware/software design –Integrated planning/engineering

51. UML in Patents? The most exciting area for extension: UML as a business tool Patents in the US and Europe already depend on UML to explain processes and design Should UML be taught in business schools?

52. OMG Compliance Consortium The fastest-growing problem in IT –Regulatory compliance grows more complicated by the day –Example: Sarbanes-Oxley in the US Standard models to ensure compliance Standardized best practices Newsletter, workshops, webinars, seminars, research, support,…

53. To Get More Information MDA Information Page –http://www.omg.org/mda/http://www.omg.org/mda/ OMG General Information –http://www.omg.org/http://www.omg.org/ Contact the Author –soley@omg.orgsoley@omg.org http://www.omg.org/~soley/mda4yearson.ppt