1. PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Certification Chapter 29: Managing Files

2. Chapter 29 Objectives Understand and identify file systems Understand and identify file systems Manage files under Windows Manage files under Windows Display and close a command prompt Display and close a command prompt Manage files via command prompt Manage files via command prompt

3. File System A logical method of storing on a disk A logical method of storing on a disk Determines what identifiers mark the beginning and end of a file Determines what identifiers mark the beginning and end of a file Determines what information will be stored about the file Determines what information will be stored about the file

4. How File Systems Store Data

6. File Systems on DOS and Windows PCs FAT (FAT16) FAT (FAT16) 16-bit file system 16-bit file system Up to 2 GB of data per logical drive Up to 2 GB of data per logical drive FAT32 FAT32 32-bit file system 32-bit file system Otherwise fairly similar to FAT16 Otherwise fairly similar to FAT16 FAT12 FAT12 File system used on floppy disks File system used on floppy disks Each 512-byte sector is its own cluster Each 512-byte sector is its own cluster

7. File Systems on DOS and Windows PCs NTFS 4 NTFS 4 32-bit file system 32-bit file system Used only in Windows NT 4 Used only in Windows NT 4 Predates FAT32 Predates FAT32 Ability to create a spanned disk Ability to create a spanned disk NTFS 5 NTFS 5 Updated NTFS for Windows 2000/XP Updated NTFS for Windows 2000/XP File encryption, disk quotas, dynamic disks File encryption, disk quotas, dynamic disks

8. File Systems on DOS and Windows PCs CDFS CDFS CD file system, used on CDs CD file system, used on CDs HPFS HPFS High Performance File System High Performance File System Native file system for OS/2 Native file system for OS/2

9. Using Windows File Management

10. File Management Skills to Master Select Select Copy Copy Move Move Delete Delete Rename Rename View/change properties View/change properties Create/delete folders Create/delete folders Work with Recycle Bin Work with Recycle Bin

11. File Attributes

12. NTFS File Attributes Compression Compression Encryption Encryption On NTFS volumes only On NTFS volumes only Encryption available in NTFS 5 only Encryption available in NTFS 5 only

13. Troubleshooting File Errors General failure reading drive X General failure reading drive X Disk is not formatted Disk is not formatted Disk has gone bad Disk has gone bad Drive is inaccessible Drive is inaccessible Possible virus infection Possible virus infection Possible physical problem Possible physical problem

14. Troubleshooting File Errors Data error reading (or writing) drive x Data error reading (or writing) drive x Physically bad spot on the disk Physically bad spot on the disk Wrong drive type in BIOS setup Wrong drive type in BIOS setup Access denied Access denied Permission setting preventing file modification Permission setting preventing file modification Disk is write-protected Disk is write-protected Insufficient disk space Insufficient disk space Disk is full Disk is full Directory is full Directory is full

15. Backing Up and Restoring Files Copy files to another drive manually Copy files to another drive manually Hard drive Hard drive CD CD Tape Tape Copy an entire drive Copy an entire drive Ghosting Ghosting Backup application (ex. Microsoft Backup) Backup application (ex. Microsoft Backup)

16. Microsoft Backup Different versions of Windows have different versions of Backup Different versions of Windows have different versions of Backup

17. Working with a Command Prompt Getting to the prompt: Getting to the prompt: Boot from a Windows 9x startup floppy Boot from a Windows 9x startup floppy Start/Run, Command in 9x Start/Run, Command in 9x Start/Run, Cmd in 2000/XP Start/Run, Cmd in 2000/XP Exiting the prompt Exiting the prompt Close the window Close the window Type EXIT and press Enter Type EXIT and press Enter

18. Changing Drives and Directories Directory = Folder Directory = Folder Change drive: Type drive letter and a colon Change drive: Type drive letter and a colon Example: C: Example: C: Change directory: CD and the directory name Change directory: CD and the directory name Example: CD \WINDOWS Example: CD \WINDOWS

19. Command Syntax Help Add the /? switch to a command to see its syntax Add the /? switch to a command to see its syntax

20. Understanding Wildcards ? for single character ? for single character * for any number of characters * for any number of characters File spec Includes But does not include A*.DOC Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, A.doc Amy.txt, Betty.doc, Amherst.grp A???.DOC Ants.doc, Army.doc, Also.doc Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, Alls.txt ??D.* And.txt, And.doc, Atd.xls All.txt, Anderson.doc *. And, Book, Cheers And.doc, Book.txt, Cheers.xls

21. Viewing Multiple Pages /p switch for DIR command /p switch for DIR command | MORE for most commands | MORE for most commands | is the pipe symbol (redirector) | is the pipe symbol (redirector)

22. Common Commands DEL DEL DELTREE DELTREE MD MD RD RD SETVER SETVER COPY XCOPY MEM PROMPT