1. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-1

2. Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Overview Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT problems Chapter 3

3. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-3 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits Limitations of Windows NT Why is Windows NT Still in Use? Where Can I Find Windows NT Today? Hardware and Windows NT

4. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-4 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits Desktop – same as Windows 95 An improved user interface Allows users to create a hierarchy as exemplified by the Start Menu

5. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-5 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits (continued) File systems FAT16 Supports long file names (LFNs)

6. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-6 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits (continued) File systems (continued) NT file system version 4 (NTFS4) More advanced than FAT Works like a transaction-based database Avoids using damaged disk space Requires more disk space for overhead Supports long file names (LFNs) Provides folder and file security

7. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-7 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits (continued) Security Uses local or domain security accounts NTFS4 permissions provide security Stability More stable than Windows 3.x or Windows 9x Less chance of losing data

8. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-8 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits (continued) Memory Can access up to 4GB of memory addresses The virtual memory manager (VMM) swaps programs and data in and out of memory VMM uses a swap file for virtual memory

9. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-9 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits (continued) Software compatibility Windows Applications & DOS Applications Applications run in subsystems 32-bit Windows applications run in the Win32 subsystem DOS and Win 3. x Apps run in VDMs in Win32

10. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-10 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Features and Benefits (continued) Software compatibility (continued) OS/2 and POSIX Applications Simulated environments for these applications OS/2 subsystem simulates an old version of OS/2 POSIX1 subsystem simulates POSIX1

11. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-11 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 The Limitations of Windows NT Hard drive limits The Windows NT setup program can only create a maximum hard disk partition size of 4GB Windows NT and the Latest Hardware Limited hardware support It does not support plug and play Windows NT and Legacy Software Some DOS and 16-bit Windows-based applications do not work in NT’s VDMs

12. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-12 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Why is Windows NT 4.0 Still in Use? Backward compatibility An organization owning a license for Windows NT can continue to use the same license when old computers are replaced

13. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-13 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Where Can I Find Windows NT 4.0 Today? Windows NT Workstation 4.0 no longer available from Microsoft Unsupported product as of June 30, 2004 Technical support information on the Microsoft web site

14. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-14 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Hardware and Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Requirements Intel/Microsoft standard computer SMP support for two processors Old minimums VERY minimal

15. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-15 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Hardware and Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Ideal Hardware Configuration Intel Pentium processor 128 MB of RAM 2 to 4 GB of hard disk space CD-ROM drive SVGA or higher resolution video adapter Microsoft mouse

16. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-16 Overview Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Hardware and Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Compatible Products Check Windows Quality Online Services at winqual.microsoft.com/download/default.asp Download the HCL

17. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-17 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Upgrade vs. Clean Installation Upgrade Installing a new OS on top of an existing OS Clean Installation Installing a new OS onto a complete empty hard disk

18. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-18 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Upgrade vs. Clean Installation (continued) The Reality of Upgrading Installed applications may be incompatible with the new OS or need to be uninstalled or disabled before beginning upgrade Installed device may not be supported by NT Research before upgrading

19. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-19 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Upgrade vs. Clean Installation (continued) The Reality of a Clean Installation Repartitioning and reformatting will destroy previous master boot record—a good thing A manual clean installation is a lot of work Scripted installs and images are for advanced clean install methods

20. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-20 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Select and Prepare the Hardware Ensure that hardware is compatible, properly installed, and connected The setup program will prepare the hard disk

21. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-21 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Determine Service Pack and Updates to Use Programmers create software fixes, called patches or updates Critical updates are patches that solve security problems or those that can cause major failures

22. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-22 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Determine Service Pack and Updates to Use (continued) What do I need and where do I look? Updates bundled into a service pack Windows NT’s service packs numbered through Service Pack 6a Plus Post-SP6a Security Rollup Package (SRP) www.microsoft.com/ntworkstation

23. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-23 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Determine the Method of Installation Manual installation requires a user to provide the necessary information and respond to messages during the entire process

24. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-24 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.01 Creating the Windows NT 4.0 Setup Disks from Windows or DOS Page 107

25. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-25 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Determine the Method of Installation (continued) Automated installation involves scripts to answer the questions asked by the Setup program. Requires training and planning WINNT and WINNT32 Setup Programs Use in Windows scripted automated install Use in some manual installations Use from DOS or Windows to install over a network WINNT for DOS or Windows 3. x WINNT32 for all newer versions of Windows

26. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-26 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Determine Method of Installation (continued) A common strategy Install using the generic drivers After successful installation, install the manufacturers’ drivers

27. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-27 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Gather the Materials Needed for Installation Obtain correct drivers For a network installation, prepare source files For installation from CD, have source CD ready If unable to boot from CD, have setup disks Have a blank floppy disk on hand as an ERD

28. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-28 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.02 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Page 110

29. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-29 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Perform Post-Installation Tasks Copy distribution files to the hard drive Verify Network Access Install service packs Check for the latest updates The WINVER program displays Windows version, license, amount of memory available, and the service pack level

30. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-30 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Perform Post-Installation Tasks (continued) Windows NT 4.0 Service Packs Updating Windows NT—Method 1 SP6a Express download requires IE 3 or greater IE 6 upgrade requires SP6a! Updating Windows NT—Method 2 SP6a Network Download (34.5MB) After installing, reconnect and upgrade IE

31. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-31 Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.03 Installing Service Packs Page 115

32. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-32 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Create a New Hard Disk Partition A partition defines boundaries Two types: primary and extended Primary partition: a single volume Extended partition: multiple volumes

33. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-33 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Create a New Hard Disk Partition (continued) A hard disk can have a total of four partitions, but the number of extended partitions cannot exceed one The Disk Administrator tool is used for creating and managing disks in Windows NT

34. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-34 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.04 Creating a New Partition Page 117

35. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-35 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Install and Remove Apps and Components Apps often have installation programs Best to use app’s install/uninstall program Add/Remove Programs applet can be used for installing and uninstalling applications and Windows components

36. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-36 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.05 Using Add/Remove Programs to Install Applications Page 120

37. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-37 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Prepare the Desktop for Users Users WILL customize the desktop Respect the ‘chair/keyboard interface’

38. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-38 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.06 Customizing the Desktop Page 122

39. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-39 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Creating and Managing a Local Printer A local printer can be used only after the printer driver is installed Only the Administrator or a member of the Administrators group can install a printer driver

40. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-40 Customizing and Managing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Step-by-Step 3.07 Installing a Printer Driver from the Windows NT CD Page 125

41. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-41 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems Proactive Tasks Create Backups Keep the NT Repair Disk up-to-date Find Sources of Help www.microsoft.com Windows Help program

42. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-42 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems Step-by-Step 3.08 Finding Help in Windows NT Page 128

43. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-43 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems When Problems Sneak Up on You Possible causes of “bit-creep” Clutter and Fragmentation of hard drive Solution Delete files in the TEMP and Temporary Internet Files folders Defragment

44. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-44 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems Step-by-Step 3.09 Removing Temporary Files Page 130

45. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-45 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems When Problems Sneak Up on You (continued) Using the Emergency Repair Disk Boot to the Windows NT 4.0 setup program Press R at the Welcome screen Select deselect actions Follow on-screen instructions At completion, remove disks and restart

46. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-46 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems The Blue Screen Of Death (BSOD) A feature, not a bug Stop-error screen is result of OS instability OS stops and displays error message on blue screen Info on first few lines are clues to cause

47. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-47 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems The Blue Screen Of Death (continued) What can cause a BSOD? Applications with access to the kernel Bad device drivers The Recovery settings on the Startup/Shut-down tab of the System applet in the control panel can be used for configuring the behavior of the computer after a BSOD error

48. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-48 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems The Blue Screen Of Death (continued) Solve by Observation and Research Stop code and description Search www.microsoft.com/technet Preparing for the BSOD Change Recovery settings 1.Write an event to the system log 2.Send an administrative alert 3.Automatically reboot

49. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-49 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems Stalled Print Job A print job does not print at all or only partially prints; then stalls Solution: stop and restart print spooler

50. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-50 Troubleshooting Common Windows NT 4.0 Problems Internet Explorer Displays Junk Internet Explorer 2.0 comes with NT Cannot interpret new code on web pages Displays junk Need to update to newer version

51. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-51 Chapter Summary Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Overview More stable OS than older Windows Provides local security The desktop resembles Windows 95 Supports NTFS4 and FAT16 files systems Runs apps native to MS-DOS, Windows 3. x, Windows 9 x, and Windows NT Some DOS and Windows 3. x apps will not work in Windows NT

52. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-52 Chapter Summary Install and Configure Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Setup program can create 4GB max partition Requires special software drivers Download the latest HCL from winqual.microsoft.com/download Don't stop at the minimum hardware require- ments when you install NT 4.0; you will need more memory, hard disk space, and perhaps more processing power, depending on the applications you install

53. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-53 Chapter Summary Install and Configure Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Microsoft's published recommended minimum hardware: Intel Pentium processor, 32 to 48MB of RAM, 2GB available hard disk space, CD-ROM drive, SVGA or higher-resolution video adapter, and Microsoft mouse Before installing NT, prepare your hardware, determine the installation method, and gather the materials needed to complete the installation.

54. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-54 Chapter Summary Install and Configure Windows NT Workstation 4.0 The Windows NT setup disks are required when you want to install NT from CD-ROM, but the computer cannot boot from the CD drive To create a set of NT setup disks run d :\i386\WINNT32 /OX. (from Windows) or d :\i386\WINNT /OX (from Windows 3. x or DOS)

55. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-55 Chapter Summary Install and Configure Windows NT Workstation 4.0 You cannot install Windows NT 4.0 without the CD key Service packs are very important for Windows NT 4.0 Find service packs for Windows NT Workstation 4.0 at: www.microsoft.com/ntworkstation View other computers on the network through Network Neighborhood

56. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-56 Chapter Summary Install and Configure Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Use WINVER to determine what service packs have been installed By default, Windows Explorer View options hide hidden files and extensions On an NTFS volume, assign permissions to folders and files to secure data

57. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-57 Chapter Summary Customize and Manage Windows NT Workstation 4.0 A Windows NT 4.0 Workstation installation must be configured and managed for the person who will use it Use Disk Administrator to create and format partitions and to manage drive letters

58. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-58 Chapter Summary Customize and Manage Windows NT Workstation 4.0 If there is only one hard drive partition and a CD-ROM drive, NT Setup will assign the hard drive partition drive letter C:, and the CD-ROM drive letter D: Additional hard drive partitions will get drive letters beginning with letter E:

59. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-59 Chapter Summary Customize and Manage Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Use Disk Administrator to assign a different drive letter to the CD-ROM drive. You should create extended partitions only when dual-booting between NT and a less- capable OS, such as DOS, Windows 3. x, or Windows 9 x

60. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-60 Chapter Summary Customize and Manage Windows NT Workstation 4.0 When dual-booting between NT and DOS, Windows 3. x, or Windows 9 x, any drive that the second OS needs must use the FAT file system. Also, the drive can be on only the first primary partition or in a logical drive in an extended partition.

61. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-61 Chapter Summary Customize and Manage Windows NT Workstation 4.0 You can remove programs with the Add/Remove Programs Control Panel applet Making the desktop visually pleasant to the user will enhance the user's work experience

62. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-62 Chapter Summary Troubleshooting Common Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Problems If you do not know how to perform a task in Windows NT, you can search the Help program. It has many tutorials with step-by-step instructions. Simple maintenance tasks include removing temporary files, uninstalling unneeded software, and running a disk-defragmenting program

63. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-63 Chapter Summary Troubleshooting Common Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Problems The infamous Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) is actually caused by the operating system responding to a serious error, called a stop error, which threatens to make the system so unstable that the OS shuts down rather than continue

64. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-64 Chapter Summary Troubleshooting Common Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Problems Observe and record information from a BSOD so that either a support person or you may research the cause A computer may restart on its own, or need to be restarted manually after a BSOD

65. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-65 Chapter Summary Troubleshooting Common Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Problems A computer may restart normally after a BSOD, but the cause should still be researched in case there are steps you can take to prevent it from happening again Be prepared for possible Windows NT stop errors by setting recovery options Restart the spooler service to remove a stalled print job If Internet Explorer displays junk, upgrade to a newer version

66. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-66 Chapter Summary Troubleshooting Common Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Problems Restart the spooler service to remove a stalled print job If Internet Explorer displays junk, upgrade to a newer version