1. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 COMPUTER PLATFORMS Network Operating Systems Week 9

2. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Week 9 Operating System –Uses Network Operating System –Fundamentals –Architecture Windows 2000 family –Windows 2003 Windows NT 4 UNIX family Linux flavours Apple Macintosh OS Novell NetWare family

3. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Week 10 NO COMPUTER PLATFORMS LECTURES OR LABS NEXT WEEK 1st - 5th DECEMBER USE THE TIME TO WORK ON YOUR ASSIGNMENTS AND DO BACKGROUND READING

4. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Operating System Traditionally the OS is the interface between the user and the computer Interact and control computer hardware No capability to connect to remote computers –Essentially ‘stand alone’ machines

5. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Network Operating System Provides network communication protocols –E.g.- TCP/IP NetBEUI / NetBIOS AppleTalk IPX/SPX Provides interaction with network hardware –Network Interface Card (NIC) –Media access –Router configuration Allows remote access to other computers –File /Application Sharing –Administration / Control –Cluster processing –etc.

6. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Network Operating System Hybrid NOS –Windows 3.11 –Windows 95 / 98 –Apple Mac OS 7.x True NOS’s –UNIX –Novell Netware –Windows NT 4 Server and Workstation –Windows 2000 Server and Workstation –Windows XP –Mac OS X

7. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 NOS Architecture Client / Server –Centralised file / application sharing –Centralised control / administration –One or more servers File server Application server etc. –Good security If correctly configured –Scalable Add more servers / clients –Expensive Server and workstation software –Select few people in charge of administration Good or bad?

8. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 NOS Architecture Peer-to-peer –Everybody’s equal –No priority –No central control –Software cheap –Easy to set-up No specialist configuration –Poor security –Suits: Small Home / Office LANs Networks in a single room Networks with no interconnection requirements

9. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Windows 2000 Server IIS 5 –Internet Information Server A web server VPN Server –Virtual Private Networking –Allowing remote dial-in connections Active Directory –Central control over all shared resources and users throughout an entire network Requirements –Intel Pentium 133 Mhz or higher –256 megabytes (MB) of RAM –1.0 GB hard disk space

10. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Windows 2000 Professional AKA - Windows 2000 Workstation Used for P2P or Client / Server –Client for WIN2k Server Features of Win 98 + NT4 Support for: –4Gb RAM –2 Processors using SMP Symmetric Multiprocessing –Plug ‘n’ Play NTFS File System –Security & Sharing

11. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 UNIX Developed by Ken Thompson & Dennis Ritchie at Bell labs / AT&T Multi-user –More than one person suing the OS at a time Multitasking –Each user can run more than one process Platform independent –Runs on almost any hardware platform Was free at first but now expensive –Especially for PC Complex to understand Large distribution User control and administration Used as multiple types of server

12. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Linux Developed by Linus Torvalds Attempt to provide functionality of UNIX in a free, easier to use form Particularly aimed at PC users Two parts: –Kernel The Linux operations section The UNIX part of things –Distribution Particular flavour of Linux Control and admin –Users can be created an deleted by an admin (root or su) –Users are organised into groups Open source –Free! (more or less) Many now have a windows style interface –Easy to get to grips with –Some expertise is required to become a master Low hardware requirements –100 MHz CPU, 12Mb RAM, 500Mb HDD

13. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Linux Distributions Lots of different flavours Usually based around one main Linux Distribution –SuSE –Red Hat Mandrake Vine –Caldera –Debian LindowsOS Morphix Many free and open source applications being developed

14. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Linux Interface

15. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Linux Interface

16. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Linux Interface

17. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Novell NetWare Versions 5 and 6 most common Sharing of resources –Novell Directory Services (NDS) –NDS e-directory Network Services –Mail servers –Print servers –Etc. Clients & servers Often found running alongside another OS –Such as Windows 9x, NT, 2000 –As a client piece of software on workstations

18. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Novell NetWare Interface Very Windows like

19. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Mac OS X Server Developed by Apple Computers Based on UNIX architecture Designed to be run on Apple Xserve computer File / resource sharing –Open directory Network admin –Workgroup management Network services –Mail –Web –Etc.

20. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Mac OS X Developed by Apple Computers Based on UNIX architecture Customisable GUI Can connect to other networks –Windows –Novell –UNIX Network client software SMP support

21. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Mac OS X Interface

22. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Features of a NOS User must logon to the computer / server –User name –Password Organisation of users Rights and privelages Sharing of data Provision of network services Application services Above all, communication

23. Stuart Cunningham - Computer Platforms - 2003 Week 9 Operating System –Uses Network Operating System –Fundamentals –Architecture Windows 2000 family –Windows 2003 Windows NT UNIX family Linux flavours Apple Macintosh OS –MacOS X server/client Novell NetWare 5 & 6 Overview