1. PC MAINTANENCE CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS.
OBJECTIVES:
1.1 Intro to Computer Component
• Input
• Processing
• Output
• Input and Output
1.2 The types of computer system
1.3 Identifying Computer Components
1.4 Maintenance Tools

2. 1.1 - INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER COMPONENT
A computer system has three main components:
Hardware
The computer itself—and its associated equipment
Software
The instructions that tell a computer what to do. (program).
People
Programmer, user

3. Input Processing Output Storage
A computer system consists of 4 main areas of data handling :-
Input
Processing
Output
Storage

4. Input devices
Take data in machine-readable form and send it to the processing unit.
The input device : keyboard, mouse, scanners
The processor (CPU)
manipulate input into the information wanted.
executes computer instructions.
Output devices
make the processed data available for use. (information)
Output -a screen monitor (softcopy) and a printer (hardcopy).
Storage usually (secondary storage)
Storage devices : diskettes, hardisk.

5. (Primary:Main Memory)
INPUT
OUTPUT CU
ALU
STORAGE
(Primary:Register)
(secondary)
PROCESSING
(Primary:Main Memory)
Computer Architecture

6. 1. Input
Input is the data raw facts you put into the computer system for processing.
Data entry can be in writing, speaking, pointing, or even by just looking at the data.
Some example of the input devices are:
keyboard.
mouse.
Scanners
Joystick
Bar code reader
Floppy / CD / USB drive.

7. 2. Processing
responsible for transforming raw data into processed information.
CPU unit interpret and execute program instructions (ALU), as well as communicate with the input, output, and storage devices (CU).
Some example of the processor are:
Intel Pentium and Celeron series
AMD Athlon and Duron series
IBM Cyrix series

8. 3. Output printer monitor. plotter speaker
Output is raw data processed into usable information.
Two common output devices are screens (softcopy) and printers (hardcopy).
For both softcopy and hardcopy, the output can be categorized into either text documents, graphic or multimedia output.
Some example of the output devices are:
printer
monitor.
plotter
speaker

9. 4. Storage 2 types : primary and secondary Primary storage
store data temporarily until the data has been processed and been sent to output device or secondary storage.
Examples : Register (reside in CPU) and Main Memory (outside of CPU; RAM)
volatile.
The speed of this storage is faster than secondary storage.
Secondary storage
additional storage separate from memory.
Slow than primary storage but has a large capacity than primary storage.
non-volatile.
Examples : magnetic disk (hard disk, diskettes) optical disk (CDs, DVDs) and magnetic tape (Cassettes).

10. 1.2 – THE TYPES OF COMPUTER SYSTEM
Computer are categorized based on differences in size, speed, processing capabilities, and price.
The 6 major categories of computers are
Personal computers
Handheld computers
Internet appliances
Mid-range servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers

11. Personal Computer 1. Desktop (Tower model, All in one, Workstations)
Designed fit entirely on or under a desk or table. (not portable)
Notebook
portable personal computer small enough fit on user lap.

12. Handheld computers Internet appliances
PDA (personal digital assistant)
Internet appliances
a computer with limited functionality.
The purpose is to connect to the Internet.

13. Mid-range servers Mainframes Supercomputers
more powerful and larger than a workstation computer
Mainframes
a large, expensive, very powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously.
Supercomputers
the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive category of computer.

14. 1.3 – INDENTIFYING COMPUTER COMPONENTS
casing
motherboard
processor
power supply
memory module/RAM
Drive - hard disk drive
floppy drive
CD drive
IDE and FDC cable
Interface card video/display card
sound card
Peripherals (external) - keyboard, mouse, speaker, printer, microphone and monitor.

15. External (outside from computer casing) = pheriperals
monitor - now with flat and LCD screen.
Keyboard - cordless or traditional
chassis - contains central processing unit (CPU)
mouse - also available as cordless, IR or traditional
USB (Universal Serial Bus) Hubs/ports - hot swappable
Printer
Floppy disk drive

16. Internal (install inside computer casing)
Hardisk
Motherboard – the main circuit of the computer system.
CPU
Expansion slots - to add cards for various devices, including memory chips
Power Supply - connection to electrical power for system.
Clock - battery powered, keeps track of date and time
Cables - to connect floppy drives, hard drives, and other devices.
Network card
graphics card
video card
RAM chips
Cooling fan(s) – for CPU. Failure to cool may result in the destruction of your hard drive.

17. 1.4 – MAINTENANCE TOOLS Hardware toolkits – To open up a computer
ESD toolkits - (Electrostatic Discharge)
Spare parts – save technician’s time.

18. Hardware Toolkits
Phillip Screwdrivers: to open up most of the screws in pc.
Flat Blade Screwdriver: to open up some of the screws in pc.
Needle-Nose Pliers: These are useful for grasping small items and for removing and replacing jumpers on circuit boards.
Wire Snips: A pair of wire snips for cutting wire and stripping insulation.

19. Hardware Toolkits (continue)
A Small Flashlight: Very useful; the insides of PC boxes are quite dark.
Tweezers: Or even better, a part retriever. A retriever is like a tiny set of retractable claws with a spring-loaded handle.
A Large Crowbar: For making adjustments to stubborn hardware.

20. Hardware Toolkits (continue)
A Roll of Black Electrical Tape: Used for wrapping wire ends and insulating components.
A Can of Compressed Air: Very handy for cleaning things hands- free and without using any hazardous liquids.
A Soft, Lint-Free Cloth: For cleaning the monitor and other components.
Cable tied: to dressing up the cables inside the computer.

21. Electrostatic Discharge Tools
help user not to accidentally damage the computer components with a static discharge.
ESD Wrist Strap: This is more of a safety device than a tool; it is used to greatly reduce the chances of static damage to components.
ESD mats: the technician have to step on it while doing the maintenance process.
ESD bag: use to pack the components before moving it to another place.

22. Spare parts Screws Expansion Card Inserts Drive Faceplates
Mounting Kits
Cables
Keyboard, Mouse, 3.5" Floppy Drive