1. Math Review

2. What not to do:

3. Basic Terms
Width
Hypoteneuse
Height
Height
Length
Base
Right Angle

4. Basic Terms
Width
Hypotenuse
Height
Height
Length
Base
Right Angle
Area of a Side= (length)(width) or (length)(height) or (height)(width)
Volume of Rectangle= (length)(width)(height)
Area=1/2 (Base)(Height)

5. Basic Units Length – meter (m) Mass – gram (g) Time – second (s)
Volume – liter (L)
Prefixes:
Kilo (k) = x1000
Centi (c) = /100
Milli (m) = /1000

6. Basic Units of Measurement
Quantity
Name
Symbol
SI Base Unit
Derived Unit
Length
Meter m -
Area
Square Meters A m2
Volume
Cubic Meters V M3
Velocity
Meters per second ν
m/s
Acceleration
Meters per second squared a
m/s2
Force
Newton N
Kg m/s2
J/m
Energy
Joule J
Kg m2/s2
N m
Mass
Gram g
Power
Watt W
Kg m2/s3
J/s

7. Metric English Equivalents
1 meter
39 inches
2.54 cm
1 in
1 kg
2.21 lbs
454 g
1 lb
1 liter
1.057 quarts
28.4 g
1 oz.
16.5 cm3
1 in3
3.78 L
1 gallon

8. Significant Figures Two Rules:
If there is NO decimal point – start at the RIGHT and count, beginning with the first non-zero digit.
Ex sig figs
sig figs
sig figs
If there IS a decimal point – start at the LEFT and count, beginning with the first non-zero digit.
Ex sig figs
sig figs
sig figs
sig figs

9. Practice Sig Figs How many sig figs in each number?
A) B) C)
D) E) F) 93,000,000
G) 93,000,003 H) 93,000,000. I)

10. Operations with Sig Figs
Rule: Count the number of sig figs in each number you are multiplying or dividing. Use all numbers you have in calculations. The round answer to lowest number of sig figs in problem. Ex x 3.12 = calculator answer 4 s.f. 3 s.f. 6 s.f. So round to 3 s.f. Answer is 88.4 Ex / 3.12 = calculator answer 4 s.f. 3 s.f. 6 s.f. So round to 3 s.f. Answer is 9.08

11. More Operations with Sig Figs
Rule: When adding or subtracting, the answer should have the same number of decimal places as that of the number with the least decimal. Ex is 0-4, so is 5-9 , so round down round up = =65.59 Remember: Decimal points must line up!

12. More Sig Fig Practice 0.00000313 78 +17 - .99
,000-33,000.03=
-3.1 =
- 17

13. Scientific Notation
Use to express really Big and really small numbers.
Rules:
Only ONE digit to the left of the decimal
X10 to however many places you had to move the decimal point.
If you moved the decimal to the left, the power to positive
If you moved the decimal to the right, the power is negative

14. Practice with Sci. Not.
Put in Sci. Not: Put in regular numbers: 24327= 4.82 x 102= 73.54= 7.8 x 104= = 1.2 x 10-4= = 9.01 x 10-2=

15. Add/Subtract with Sci Not
The exponents must be the same. Do what you need to do change one of the numbers to the other’s exponent. Then add/subtract the base numbers together and keep the exponent.
Ex: x x 103 = ?
Change 4.55 x 102 to x 103
Then add = 4.225
Add in x 103
And the answer is x 103

16. Multiply/Divide with Sci Not
First multiply/divide the base numbers together. Then for multiplication, add the exponents together. For division, subtract the exponents.
Ex. (2.4 x 102)x(3.2x 103)
2.4 x 3.2 = 7.68
Add the exponents – = 5
Giving the answer: 7.68 x 105
If we were dividing:
2.4/3.2 = 0.75
Subtract exponents – 2 – 3 = -1
Answer: 0.75 x (You would then move the decimal point to leave one digit to the left for 7.5 x 100 or just 7.5.)

17. Metric Conversions
Standard unit of distance is the meter. It is abbreviated m.
For very small things, it may be more appropriate to use centimeters or even millimeters:
1m = 100 centimeters (cm)
1cm = 10 millimeters (mm)
How many millimeters are in 1m?
For very large distances, it may be more appropriate to use kilometers:
1kilometer (km) = 1000m
What would you measure with km? cm? mm? m?

18. Metric Conversions
Standard unit of mass is the gram. It is abbreviated g.
For small amounts, you may want to use the milligram (mg) which is 1/1000th of a gram.
For large amounts, you may want to use the kilogram (kg) which is 1000g.
What would you want to measure in mg? Kg? g?

19. Solving for variables
Always do the same thing to both sides of the equation and you will be fine.
Ex. Density = mass/volume Solve for mass. Solve for volume.
Ex. E = mc2 Solve for c.
Ex. A + B = C A + C = D Solve for C.

20. Dimensional Analysis (or Canceling out)
To convert from one type of unit to another type, we use dimensional analysis. For example, if we want to convert 55mph to km/h we just need to set the problem up correctly.
55 miles x ft x 39 cm x m x 1 km =
1 hour 1 mile ft cm m
38 km = 38 kph
1 hour