1. Electronic Data Recording Systems -Vehicle Tracking Systems-

2. Why invest in Vehicle Tracking Technology? Improved Customer Service Load tracking Improved load efficiency Improved driver efficiency Automation No driver intervention required Electronic vs. Manual Improved Communication Weather, road delays, pick up & delivery updates

3. P640 Data Collection Requirements.100 Required Trip Data.005 Date of Trip (starting and ending);.010 Trip origin and destination (location code is acceptable);.015 Routes of travel or latitude/longitude positions used in lieu thereof (may be waived by base jurisdiction). If latitude/longitude positions are used, they must be accompanied by the name of the nearest town, intersection or cross street. If latitude/longitude positions are used, jurisdiction crossing points must be calculated or identified;.020 Beginning and ending odometer or hubodometer reading of the trip (may be waived by base jurisdiction);.025 Total trip distance;.030 Distance by jurisdiction;.035 Power unit number or vehicle identification number;.040 Vehicle fleet number; and.045 Registrant's name. IFTA Procedures Manual

4. Positioning Reporting Systems LORAN-C: -Hyperbolic positioning system; Introduced 1959 -Measures the time differences between arrival of pulses from pairs of ground stations (one of which is the master station).

5. Positioning Reporting Systems QASPR QASPR (Qualcomm Automatic Satellite Position Reporting): -QUALCOMM currently has systems operating in the United States, Canada, Europe, Russia, Middle East, Brazil, Mexico, Japan, Korea and Malaysia. -Satellite based; Introduced 1990 -2 way Ku Band,Telephone & TV broadcast signal -Using existing civilian communications satellite, it processes the signal from one satellite and monitors a beacon signal from a mobile communication terminals mounted on unit -Ranger satellite travels 26 miles from earth’s equator Satellite Based Systems (Distances are indirectly derived from the time it takes a signal to travel from satellite to user).

6. Mobil Communication Terminals (MCT) Network Operations Center Location & Communication Satellite Customer Fleet Management Data line Vehicle Tracking System Information Flow Chart:

7. Positioning Reporting Systems GPS (Global Positioning System): -Has replaced all other federally operated radio navigation systems (e.g., OMEGA, TRANSIT, LORAN-C). -There are at least 24 operational GPS satellites at all times. The satellites, operated by the U.S. Air Force, orbit with a period of 12 hours. -All GPS satellites synchronize operations so that these repeating signals are transmitted at the same instant., -The signals, moving at the speed of light, arrive at a GPS receiver at slightly different times because some satellites are farther away than others. The distance to the GPS satellites can be determined by estimating the amount of time it takes for their signals to reach the receiver. Satellite Based Systems (Distances are indirectly derived from the time it takes a signal to travel from satellite to user).

8. Visually how does GPS work? You are Here!

9. Benefits of GPS: 1. GPS allocates frequencies more efficiently and uses only 2 MHz of bandwidth; 2. As a broadcast system, GPS can serve an infinite number of users. Other proposals were frequency-limited because they both received and transmitted data via satellites and, therefore, could only serve a certain number of users; 3. With GPS, the user would pay once to purchase the receiver and would not pay for the use of positioning information; 4. The cost of GPS receivers continues to become a more economically viable option. 5. Smaller profile 6. Integrated mapping systems (visual display, audio interface)