1. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Chapter 10 Informational Resources: Computer- Assisted Instruction, Expert Systems, Health Information Online

2. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Education  Computers have been used in medical education for more than 40 years  Drill-and-practice software teaches skills requiring memorization  Simulation software puts the student in the situation and requires some action

3. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. The Visible Human  The Visible Human is a computerized library of human anatomy at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) From Data to Knowledge—users can see and feel anatomic flythroughs on the Web Exlorable Virtual Human—in development  Includes authoring tools to build anatomical models Virtual Human Embryo—images of embryos sectioned and sliced

4. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Computer-Assisted Instruction  Drill-and-practice for skills requiring memorization  Simulation software simulates a complex process Using text Using graphics, sound, animation Using haptics (sense of feel)

5. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Simulation Software  Programs using text-ILIAD  Programs using graphics-ADAM  Virtual reality simulations Surgery Dentistry Bronchoscopy Epidural anesthesia Administer IV

6. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Patient Simulators  Human patient simulators Programmable mannequins  Inhale and exhale  Eyes dilate  Heart and lung sounds  Pulse, blood pressure  Can react to medication (bar-coded)  Can simulate allergic reactions

7. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Pediatric HPS (Courtesy of METI)

8. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. HPS in the OR (Courtesy of METI)

9. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Patient Simulators (cont)  Using patient simulators Students can practice:  Intubations  Needle decompression of pneumothorax  Insertion of chest tubes

10. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Simulated Environments  To make practicing on human patient simulators more real, simulated environments are created Emergency rooms, with constraints of space and noise Operating rooms

11. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Distance Learning  Learning in an environment where student and teacher are not physically face-to-face  Use of Internet resources

12. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Decision Support: Expert Systems  Expert systems—attempt to make a computer an expert in one limited field  Expert systems in medicine MYCIN Internist POEMS Databank for Cardiovascular Disease

13. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Health Information on the Internet  Information is of varying quality Code of conduct suggested by health care professionals  Disclose sponsorship  Distinguish between science and advertising  Allow feedback

14. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Medical Literature Databases  MEDLARS (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System)—collection of 40 computerized databases maintained by NLM; free via Internet. Includes: MEDLINE—complete database of articles SDILINE—recent additions to MEDLINE AIDSLINE—database of information on AIDS CANCERLIT—database of information on Cancer MEDLINEplus—database of health care information for consumers

15. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Databases of Drug Information  MediSpan  Clinical Pharmacology  ClinicalTrials.gov

16. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. E-mail  Patients want it as a way to communicate with their own health care providers  Few health care providers make it available Problems of privacy, liability, time

17. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Self-Help on the Web  Innumerable sites offer help for any medical or psychiatric condition, many with disclaimers that they are not responsible for the accuracy of the information  Sites offering prescription drugs

18. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Support Groups on the Web  Starbright World for seriously ill children  Allows virtual communities to develop, which support people with very rare conditions, making face-to- face support impossible

19. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Judging the Reliability of Information of the Internet  Is there information about the author?  Is the author reliable?  Are the sources reliable?  Are the sources of funding revealed?  Are there conflicts of interest?  Is the information current?  Read critically!

20. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Self-Help Software  Mayo Clinic Family Health Book on CD-ROM  Doctor’s Book of Home Remedies  Medical Housecall

21. Information Technology for the Health Professions, Third Edition Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Computers and Psychiatry  Computers are used in diagnosis and treatment CIDI (Composite International Diagnostic Interview) screens for depression and anxiety CIDI-Auto—self-administered using a computer Several programs are used to treat anxiety and depression Internet-based therapy (Interapy) for post traumatic stress disorder