1. Mandatory Inservice INFECTION CONTROL

2. At the completion of this module the participant will be able to:  Define Standard Precautions  Discuss The Chain of Infection  List steps to follow after a body fluid exposure  Define Tuberculosis  Define VRE and MRSA

3. Standard precautions  As defined by the CDC in 1996, Standard Precautions are environmental practices: Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogens and moist body substances. Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources.

4. Standard Precautions  Apply to: Blood All Body Fluids and secretions except sweat. Non-intact skin Mucous membranes

5. Goal of Infection Control  The goal of infection control is to prevent the transmission of disease by utilizing procedures that break the Chain of Infection

6. Chain of Infection  The Chain of Infection includes: The presence of an infectious organism (Pathogen) capable of causing disease.

7. The Chain of Infection A Portal of Exit which allows the organism to leave the reservoir.

8. The Chain of infection A Reservoir which can be animate or inanimate, that serves as a breeding ground for the organism.

9. Chain of Infection A Mode of Transmission which is the way an organism travels to another person.

10. Chain of Infection There are 4 Modes of transmission: Direct or indirect contact Vehicle Airborne Vector

11. Chain of infection  A Portal of Entry which allows the organism into another person or animal.

12. Chain of Infection  A Susceptible Host who lacks effective resistance to the organism.

13. How to break the Chain of Infection

14. How to break the chain of infection  Wear Personal Protective Equipment

15. Personal Protective Equipment  Examples:  Gloves  Masks  Gowns

16. How to break the chain of infection  Place all soiled linen in laundry bags.  Place soiled articles in plastic bags for appropriate disposal.

17. How to break the chain of infection  Place used needles or other sharps in a puncture resistant container.

18. How to break the chain of infection  Never recap a needle.  Never purposely bend or break a needle.  Never remove a used needle from a syringe.

19. How to break the chain of infection  Keep your self up to date on immunizations.  Take care of your health

20. How to break the chain of infection  The single best way to break the chain of infection is to:

21. Wash…

23. What you should do after an exposure: 1. Wash the area immediately with soap and water 2. Notify your supervisor 3. Cover the area

24. Tuberculosis  A serious bacterial disease Latent TB: No symptoms Active TB: Cough for 3 weeks or more Fever Weakness Loss of appetite Night sweats Coughing up blood

25. Tuberculosis  Controlling the spread of TB requires early detection and treatment

26. Antibiotic resistant infections  VRE  MRSA

27. VRE  Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci Found in stool Direct or indirect contact Must be isolated Must wash with Hibiclens

28. MRSA  Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus Direct contact Skin, nose, blood and urine Must be isolated Affects those with poor resistance

29. Confidentiality  Do not discuss patient information  Guard patient files/computer from view  Ensure privacy during care

30. HIV Confidentiality  Recorded in the medical record  Free of Disclosure and Discrimination  Includes HIV Tests, Infection and /or Aids related illness  Failure to maintain confidentiality can result in legal action which includes fines and potential time in prison.  Specific protocols are found in the Policy Manual

31. Policy and procedure Policy and Procedure manuals are available in every department: Management of Post-Exposure Incidents Post Exposure Protocol General Safety/Exposure Control Plan Approved Cleaning and Disinfecting agents