1. Balancing the Use of Time N493 Robyn Kenny Emily Hartson Caroline Lutes Kristy King

2. “Don't say you don't have enough time. You have exactly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Pasteur, Michaelangelo, Mother Teresa, Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein.” “Don't say you don't have enough time. You have exactly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Pasteur, Michaelangelo, Mother Teresa, Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein.” H. Jackson Brown

3. Objectives Assess three barriers to time management in the lives of a nursing student and/or nurse. Assess three barriers to time management in the lives of a nursing student and/or nurse. Explain three effective methods to manage time. Explain three effective methods to manage time. Appraise three benefits to leading a balanced lifestyle as a nursing student and/or nurse. Appraise three benefits to leading a balanced lifestyle as a nursing student and/or nurse.

4. Purpose Evaluate common techniques for time management. Evaluate common techniques for time management. Demonstrate that greater emphasis should be placed on leading a more balanced lifestyle in nursing. Demonstrate that greater emphasis should be placed on leading a more balanced lifestyle in nursing.

5. Life as a Nursing Student…

6. Nursing Program Expectations 30 credit course load (33 in first year!) 30 credit course load (33 in first year!) Clinical expectations Clinical expectations Intercession and summer courses Intercession and summer courses Stress levels Stress levels Pass/Fail Skills testing Pass/Fail Skills testing

7. Life Outside of Nursing Family life Family life Friends Friends Work Work Extracurricular Involvement Extracurricular Involvement Volunteering Volunteering

8. Barriers to Time Management STRESS STRESS Unforeseen Events Unforeseen Events Lack of Sleep Lack of Sleep Study Environment Study Environment Commute Commute Schedule Conflicts Schedule Conflicts Elective Courses Elective Courses

9. What does the Research say? Effective time management has been found to be more powerful than leisure activities at reducing the stress levels of undergraduate students. Effective time management has been found to be more powerful than leisure activities at reducing the stress levels of undergraduate students. Misra, McKean, West, & Russo (2000)

10. Time management is a “buffer” for academic stress (i.e. frustration and other psychologial, behavioral, and emotional reactions) Misra, McKean, West, & Russo (2000)

11. Female undergraduate students were found to have better time management skills than males, however females were also said to experience the most stress. Misra and McKean (2000)

12. Kearns & Gardiner (2007) found that having a clear goal and purpose was the most effective way to reduce distress, stay on task, manage time, and to boost morale. Know the 5 “W’s”

13. Life as a Registered Nurse

14. Job Expectations Shift work Shift work Multiple Patients Multiple Patients Continuing Education Continuing Education Being an integral part of the multi- disciplinary team Being an integral part of the multi- disciplinary team Prompt, accurate, and appropriate documentation Prompt, accurate, and appropriate documentation

15. Barriers to Effective Time Management as a Registered Nurse Understaffed Units Understaffed Units Limited supplies Limited supplies Patient overload Patient overload Changing Work Environment Changing Work Environment Illegible orders and progress notes Illegible orders and progress notes Personal Life Personal Life Ineffective working relationships Ineffective working relationships

16. Studies Show... The use of time management techniques is correlated with job satisfaction and job performance. The use of time management techniques is correlated with job satisfaction and job performance. Time management techniques reduce procrastination and worry. Time management techniques reduce procrastination and worry. (König, C. J. & Kleinmann, M. (2007). Time Management Problems and Discounted Utility. The Journal of Psychology, 141(3), 321-34)

17. Time management techniques relate to adequate control of time. Time management techniques relate to adequate control of time. Time management techniques have a positive effect on health and well- being. Time management techniques have a positive effect on health and well- being. (Claessens, B. J. C., Eerde, W. V., Rutte, C. G., & Roe, R. A. (2007). A review of the time management literature. Personnel Review, 36(2), 255-276.)

18. Advice for Better Time Management

19. 7 ways to better manage your time: 1. USE RESOURCES! 1. USE RESOURCES! 2. Use an Agenda 2. Use an Agenda 3. Know yourself 3. Know yourself 4. Minimize Interruptions 4. Minimize Interruptions 5. Multi-task when possible 5. Multi-task when possible 6. Prompt completion of work 6. Prompt completion of work 7. Private time 7. Private time Crosby, J.W. (2004). Ten time-management tips for family physicians. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 170(6), 949-950.

20. Leading a Balanced Lifestyle

21. What is Balance? “a state of equilibrium or equipoise; equal distribution of weight, amount, etc.” (Dictionary.com)

22. Do nurses really practice what they preach? Smoking  higher incidences in nurses (Psychosocial Nursing, 2005, Research Quarterly, 2005, & Watson, Whyte, Schartau, Jamieson, 2006) Smoking  higher incidences in nurses (Psychosocial Nursing, 2005, Research Quarterly, 2005, & Watson, Whyte, Schartau, Jamieson, 2006) Obesity  higher incidences in nurses (Miller, Alpert, & Cross, 2008, p. 259) Obesity  higher incidences in nurses (Miller, Alpert, & Cross, 2008, p. 259) Suicide  higher incidences in nurses (x4!) (BBC News, 2000, Hawton, Vislisel, 1999, & Katz, 1983) Suicide  higher incidences in nurses (x4!) (BBC News, 2000, Hawton, Vislisel, 1999, & Katz, 1983) Stress Stress

23. Smoking Some studies have shown that nurses who smoke are less apt to view themselves as appropriate role models for patients, and therefore feel uncomfortable encouraging their patients to stop smoking (Psychosocial Nursing, 2005, & Research Quarterly, 2005) Some studies have shown that nurses who smoke are less apt to view themselves as appropriate role models for patients, and therefore feel uncomfortable encouraging their patients to stop smoking (Psychosocial Nursing, 2005, & Research Quarterly, 2005)

24. So, what can we do?

25. Stress Relief! Social  spending time with friends, family Social  spending time with friends, family Solitude  ‘me time’, reading, vacation… Solitude  ‘me time’, reading, vacation… Physical  yoga, walking, swimming… Physical  yoga, walking, swimming… Spiritual  church, meditation, altruistic activities, thought Spiritual  church, meditation, altruistic activities, thought Emotional  laughter Emotional  laughter (Iwasaki, MacKay, Mactavish, 2005)

26. We are making habits for life...

27. “Until you value yourself, you won’t value your time. Until you value your time, you will not do anything with it.” M. Scott Peck