1. Instructions for the WG Chair At Each Meeting, the Working Group Chair shall: Show slides #1 and #2 of this presentation Advise the WG membership that: The IEEE’s patent policy is consistent with the ANSI patent policy and is described in Clause 6 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Bylaws; Early disclosure of patents which may be essential for the use of standards under development is encouraged; Disclosures made of such patents may not be exhaustive of all patents that may be essential for the use of standards under development, and that neither the IEEE, the WG, nor the WG Chairman ensure the accuracy or completeness of any disclosure or whether any disclosure is of a patent that, in fact, may be essential for the use of standards under development. Instruct the WG Secretary to record in the minutes of the relevant WG meeting: That the foregoing advice was provided and the two slides were shown; That an opportunity was provided for WG members to identify or disclose patents that the WG member believes may be essential for the use of that standard; Any responses that were given, specifically the patents and patent applications that were identified (if any) and by whom. (Not necessary to be shown) Approved by IEEE-SA Standards Board – March 2003 (Revised February 2006)

2. 6. Patents IEEE standards may include the known use of essential patents and patent applications provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents whose infringement is, or in the case of patent applications, potential future infringement the applicant asserts will be, unavoidable in a compliant implementation of either mandatory or optional portions of the standard [essential patents]. This assurance shall be provided without coercion. The patent holder or applicant should provide this assurance as soon as reasonably feasible in the standards development process. This assurance shall be provided no later than the approval of the standard (or reaffirmation when a patent or patent application becomes known after initial approval of the standard). This assurance shall be either: a) A general disclaimer to the effect that the patentee will not enforce any of its present or future patent(s) whose use would be required to implement either mandatory or optional portions of the proposed IEEE standard against any person or entity complying with the standard; or b) A statement that a license for such implementation will be made available without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination. This assurance is irrevocable once submitted and accepted and shall apply, at a minimum, from the date of the standard’s approval to the date of the standard’s withdrawal. IEEE-SA Standards Board Bylaws on Patents in Standards Slide #1 Approved by IEEE-SA Standards Board – March 2003 (Revised February 2006)

3. Inappropriate Topics for IEEE WG Meetings Don’t discuss the validity/essentiality of patents/patent claims Don’t discuss the cost of specific patent use Don’t discuss licensing terms or conditions Don’t discuss product pricing, territorial restrictions, or market share Don’t discuss ongoing litigation or threatened litigation Don’t be silent if inappropriate topics are discussed… do formally object. If you have questions, contact the IEEE-SA Standards Board Patent Committee Administrator at patcom@ieee.org or visit http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/index.html This slide set is available at http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/pat-slideset.ppt Slide #2 Approved by IEEE-SA Standards Board – March 2003 (Revised February 2006)

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8. Literature Review 7.2 Audio coupling mode “… audio signal-to-interference ratio of 20 dB provides a signal quality that is acceptable for normal operation …” [B41] (= M3) “At a signal-to interference ratio of 30 dB, 90% of hearing aid users find the WD highly usable” (= M4) “… reduction of the signal-to-interference ratio to 10 dB degrades the performance to that which would generally be judged to be useable but not acceptable for regular use” (= M2) [B41] Levitt, H., Kozma-Spytek, L., and Harkins, J., “In-the-ear measurements of interference in hearing aids from digital wireless telephones,” Seminars in Hearing, 26(2), pp. 87–98, 2005.

9. Levitt et al 2005 Exposure: mobile phone in test transmit mode Subjects: Volunteers (n = 42) HLAA (SHHH) members (by mail) ITE and BTE hearing aids Mild to severe hearing loss Test: subjective Inter-individual variability >25 dB GSM 50% “highly usable” = 18.2 dB S/N

10. Hansen Poulsen (1996) Scand Audiol 25:227-232 Exposure: Simulated GSM noise over speech Not correlated with E-field, just SPL Subjects: volunteers (n = 17) Subjective Testing GSM noise superimposed on speech background Inter-individual variability >30 dB GSM 50% “not annoying” = 17 dB S/N Objective Testing Word score reached max at 10dB S/N and did not improve with increased margin

11. Nabelek et al (2004-2006) Exposure: Speech babble background noise – not GSM Subjects: volunteers (n = 191) Clinic Subjective Testing (MCL – BNL recruited from U Tennessee Audiology = ANL) MCL = most comfortable speech level (quiet background) BNL = background noise level (max tolerated) Inter-individual subjective variability >40 dB “acceptable” ANL (full- vs part-time HA) = 7.5 vs ~14 dB Smaller ANL predicted HA success (85% of the time)

12. EHIMA GSM Project (1993-1994) Telecon Denmark Exposure: GSM Mobile phones placed to users ear Subjects: volunteers (n = 5) Hearing aids (n = 5) (i.e., ~ 25 samples) Subjective Testing Normal hearing individuals GSM 50% “slightly annoying” = 15 dB S/N in normal environment

13. Julstrom et al / T-coil

14. U Oklahoma (1996-1999) Exposure: Mobile phones in test mode placed to users ear Subjects: volunteers (n = 78) Testing Objective (word recognition) Subjective (annoyance) Interference reported primarily as distance for interference to occur Perception of interference increased with increasing severity of hearing loss

15. National Acoustics Lab (1995) Exposure: mobile phone placed to users ear hooked to network no make / model / antenna type phone oriented and positioned to maximize coupling Subjects: volunteers both hearing impaired and normal hearing 5 groups of 4-8 volunteers 2 x ITE and 3 x BTE models Test: interference detection data presented in terms of field strength, distance, and HA immunity for “noticeable interference” Acceptable performance requires HA immunity ~ 28 dB

16. Summary Average S/N for acceptable performance from recent GSM “usability” testing = 15-18 dB Variability in subjective response (25-40 dB) Current 20 dB S/N in ANSI C63.19 incorporates >3 dB for testing error Refinements in testing and predictive modeling may support a relaxation in M / T limits ~ 3 dB corresponds to testing margin, not limits per se significant improvement in HA immunity refinements in testing and predictive modeling increasing inter-lab consistency in testing

17. Usability Definitions (M/T1) Highly Usable—I would use this phone for almost any call. (M/T2) Minor Limitations on Use—I would use this phone for most calls, but it is not ideal. (M/T3) Major Limitations on Use—I would use this phone for a few calls, ‘‘in a pinch.’’ (M/T4) Not Usable—I would not use this phone for any calls.

18. Usability Definitions Are the questions consistent across user groups nature of conversation ? duration ? demographics (age, occupation, regional location) do we need to define a more specific use case ? Is this the most appropriate approach ? A) does WD + HA combination allow user to hear well ? B) does WD degrade baseline HA performance ?

19. HLAA Meeting – Reno Nevada “Mobile Phones, Hearing Aids, and the ANSI C63.19 Standard to Make Them Work Together” Friday June 13, 2:15-3:15pm Confirmed: Harry Levitt, Joe Morrissey, Dave Preves Tentative: Dave Case