2. Process & Organize Data

3. Storage 2 Data can be stored for later recall and use. The storage facility is a very powerful feature as data can be used later without re-entry. Examples of storage are: Hard Drive USB DriveCD Rom DVD Magnetic tape

4. 3 INPUT  PROCESSING  OUTPUT  STORAGE

5. Directories and Sub-directories See Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_(file_systems) for a definition of directories.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_(file_systems) http://support.microsoft.com/kb/100108http://support.microsoft.com/kb/100108 for an Overview of FAT, HPFS, and NTFS File Systems

6. Storage of data Most data is stored on a computer’s hard drive. It is important to understand a computer’s file management system in order to save work in the right place. Data is stored in folders (or directories) and sub-folders (or sub-directories), similar to a paper-based filing cabinet. Below are examples of how Microsoft Windows Explorer organises its directory: This is a section of Windows Explorer showing how the files are organised into a multi-level filing system. The “+” signs to the left of some folders indicates that there are further sub-folders located in these folders.

7. By clicking on a folder with a “+” sign to its left, all the sub-folders within that folder can be seen, as in the example to the right, under the Lotus folder. A “-” sign to the left of a folder indicates that all sub-folders are showing.

8. Other than on the hard drive, data may also be stored on: floppy disks: remember that a limited amount of information can be stored here, so it is a good idea to compress the file to accommodate large amounts of data CD-ROMs: suitable for large amounts of data back-up system: particularly important in case of computer failure to safeguard large amounts of information

9. Retrieving documents Documents can be opened from: a software program (eg Word) a file management program (eg Windows Explorer) If a document cannot be found, it is possible to do a search by clicking on “Start”, then “Search”, then “All files and folders”, and by filling in the information that is known, as shown below.

10. http://hsc.csu.edu.au/business_services/services_120/technology/2999/205A_Important_notes.html

11. Types of computers 10 There are various types of computers. The main classifications are: Mainframe Mini computer Terminals Supercomputer Microcomputer Portable

12. Mainframe 11 This computer is most suitable where concurrent access from large numbers of users is required. Egs: Banks, large department stores and insurance companies. They cost in the millions and may occupy entire rooms. They often have full time support teams who are responsible for maintenance and program updates.

13. Main Frame The main frame is the workhorse of the business world. A main frame is the heart of a network of computers or terminals which allows hundreds of people to work at the same time on the same data. It requires a special environment - cold and dry. 12

14. MAIN FRAME 13

15. MAIN FRAME 14

16. Mainframe Terminal Connection 15

17. 16 Terminals The terminal is simply a screen that passes input and data onto the mainframe to which it is connected. Large international hotels often use these to connect to a mainframe or mini computer.

18. 17

19. Terminal Connection 18

20. 19

21. WebMySQL dumb terminal 20

22. 21

23. Mini computer Used for fewer users than the mainframe, but otherwise operates in the same manner as the mainframe computer 22

24. MINI COMPUTER 23

25. Supercomputer These are super fast computers that are used when there are large volumes of data to process without human intervention. Weather forecasting is such an example 24

26. Supercomputers The supercomputer is the top of the heap in power and expense. These are used for jobs that take massive amounts of calculating, like weather forecasting, engineering design and testing, serious decryption, economic forecasting, etc. 25

27. Super Computer National Air and Space Museum Image Detail CRAY-1 Supercomputer 26

28. 27 Microcomputer The average home computer, also called a PC. The most common model is the desktop, designed to sit on a desktop.

29. Portable These are the computers that are designed to be easily transported and often contain their own power supply. They are lighter and smaller than the desktop model, but they may be just as powerful. 28

30. Networks 29 Networks allow computers to share hardware, software and/or data. Enter data on one computer in a network and it is available on all computers..

31. Computer based network 30

32. Goals of Computer networks Sharing information (or data) Sharing hardware and software, and Centralizing administration and support. 31

33. So what is required??? 32

34. NETWORKS Network software is required. To create a network between two or more computers, all that is required is a cable to link the hardware together, and usually a network interface card for each of the computers 33

35. 34 File Server This is a computer that acts as the major reservoir of files and makes these available to the workstations on the system.

36. IMPORTANT EQUIPMENT IN NETWORKING HUB a multi-port repeater that receives a signal from one computer and re-transmits it to multiple computers. 35

37. HUB 36

38. SWITCH - a smart hub 37

39. ROUTER - a device that determines the proper path for data to travel between different networks, and forwards data packets to the next device 38

40. Different types of networks 39

41. Local Area Network (LAN) These are two or more computers that operate as a network in a close geographic area. An organisation would normally be considered a LAN as the computers are normally in one building. 40

42. LAN 41

43. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) If the business expands to have several offices in one city and these are linked together then this is said to be a Metropolitan Area Network. 42

44. Wide Area Network If the business expands to have several offices in one state or across the world then these are linked together; this is said to be a Wide Area Network. 43.

45. WAN 44

46. The Internet The internet is a network of networks. A computer on a network allows access to users outside the network. Access is by using the telephone system to access other computers and the other computer can be across the world or next door. Data can be stored /backed up on internet servers at remote locations. Hotmail offers the skydrive for this use. 45

47. INTERNET

48. Intranet An intranet is a local version of the internet that is available to members of a local network Data may be stored on the organisational intranet allowing rapid access without using internet connection bandwidth. 47

49. MANAGEMENT ROOM SERVICE Marketing Human Resources Internet HOTEL INDUSTRY