1. 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 01 Intro. to “Life” and the Scientific Method

2. LEARNING OUTCOMES 1.1 The Characteristics of Life Identify the basic characteristics of life. Distinguish between the levels of biological organization. 1.2 The Classification of Organisms Describe how living things are classified. Distinguish between the three domains of life. 1.3 The Organization of the Biosphere Distinguish among populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere. List ways in which humans influence ecosystems. 1.4 The Process of Science Distinguish between a theory and a hypothesis. Identify the components of the scientific method. Analyze a scientific experiment and identify the hypothesis, experiment, control groups, and conclusions. 1.5 Science and Social Responsibility Identify the costs and benefits of technology. Explain what could happen to the human population if we stopped using technology.

3. What is “Life”?

4. 4 Fig. 1.3

5. 5 Fig. 1.4

6. What are Cells? ______________ of “living matter” Exist singly (_______) or in groups (____________) Have an external … Have regulated … What else? http://animatedhealthcare.com/wp- content/uploads/2013/01/macrophage_phagocytosis_education_sequence.jpg

7. What is “Life”? OK, let’s apply this to humans... What about cryogenics? What about tissue culture? What about comas or brain death?

8. How (and why?) do we classify life? _____________:

9. 9 Table 1.1

10. 10 Fig. 1.5

11. 11 Fig. 1.2 What are some levels of organization?

12. 12 Fig. 1.6

13. 13 Fig. 1.7

14. Nature of Science Quiz True or False: 1.Hypotheses become theories, which may become laws. 2.A hypothesis is an educated guess. 3.A general scientific method exists by which scientist conduct their work. 4.Carefully collected data (evidence) will result in sure knowledge. 5.Science can provide absolute proof. 6.Science is more procedural than creative. 7.Science can effectively answer all questions. 8.Scientists are more objective than other professionals. 9.Experiments are necessary to gain scientific knowledge. 10.Scientific work is always reviewed to keep the process honest.

15. “To science pilot of industry, conqueror of disease, multiplier of harvest, explorer of the universe, revealer of nature’s laws, eternal guide to truth” Quote from the 1920’s “Science is an internally consistent set of lies designed to explain away the universe.” Quote from an OSU Paleobotanist

16. What is “Biology”? What is “Science”?

17. What is Science? 1)Tentative: Supportable but __________ be proven absolutely true Scientists only “prove” what is ________ ____________ and “_______” what is currently the best explanation based on the data available. hypotheses and theories are abandoned when…

18. 2) Body of Knowledge: The quantity of knowledge (information) … Archiving (storing) & retrieval are essential What is GOOD and BAD about this? “For wisdom is protection just as money is protection, But the advantage of knowledge is that wisdom preserves the lives of its possessors.” Ecc. 7:12 NASB Ecc. 12:12? What is Science?

19. 3) Way of perceiving reality Inherent assumptions: * * What is Science?

20. 4) Process for answering questions Question must be phrased properly What is Science? * * * * Do lizards like the colors or “looks” of other lizards?

21. Let’s model some characteristics of science with the Magical Mystery Tube!

22. What is the Scientific Method?

23. 23 Fig. 1.8

24. 24 Fig. 1.9

25. 25 Fig. 1.10

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28. LEARNING OUTCOMES 1.1 The Characteristics of Life Identify the basic characteristics of life. Distinguish between the levels of biological organization. 1.2 The Classification of Organisms Describe how living things are classified. Distinguish between the three domains of life. 1.3 The Organization of the Biosphere Distinguish among populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere. List ways in which humans influence ecosystems. 1.4 The Process of Science Distinguish between a theory and a hypothesis. Identify the components of the scientific method. Analyze a scientific experiment and identify the hypothesis, experiment, control groups, and conclusions. 1.5 Science and Social Responsibility Identify the costs and benefits of technology. Explain what could happen to the human population if we stopped using technology.