1. Bacteria Kingdom Notes These will be used for pages 4-7 in the kingdom journal.

2. Common Names Archaebacteria Archaea Oldest bacteria Methanogens, Halophiles, Thermoacidophiles Eubacteria Bacteria Newer bacteria Decomposes, parasites, cyanobacteria, nitrogen-fixation bacteria

3. Unique Traits Archaebacteria Found in extreme habitats with no oxygen Cell walls made of proteins Eubacteria Found everywhere Cell walls made of amino acids and sugars

4. Major Phyla Archaebacteria Methanogens-make methane Halophiles-like high salt environments Thermoacidophiles-like high heat and acidic conditions Eubacteria Parasites Decomposes Photosynthetic Chemosynthetic

5. Major Habitats Archaebacteria Meth-swamps, cow intestines, sewage treatment plants Halo-lakes with high salt (Salt Lake, Utah and Dead Sea, Middle East) Thermo-hot springs, volcanic vents at bottom of the ocean Eubacteria Almost everywhere, including: – On and in other organisms – Ponds – Soil

6. Major Niches Archaebacteria Most are Chemosynthetic autotrophs Eubacteria Heterotrophic- are parasites or decoposers Autotrophic- Photosynthetic or Chemosynthetic

7. Archaebacteria Example Scientific Name: Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Common name: Thermoacidophile Where is it Found? At pressures above 200 atm and temperatures of 85 degrees Celcius. http://microbewiki.kenyo n.edu/index.php/Methan ococcus

8. Eubacteria Example Scientific Name: Anabena sp. Common Name: Cyanobacteria Where is it found? Pond Water

9. Reproduction in Bacteria Binary Fission-makes an exact copy of itself; done most often 1.Bacteria copies its chromosome. 2.Chromosome and copy attach to cell membrane. 3.Cell grows. 4.Partition forms between chromosomes and cells divide. Can take as little as 20 minutes in some species. Conjugation—sexual reproduction 1.Bacteria sends all or part of its chromosome across a bridge (pilus) to another bacteria. 2.Results in bacteria with a new genetic composition.