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Principles of Real Estate Engineering
Welcome to the International Right of Way Association’s COURSE 900 Principles of Real Estate Engineering 900.R3.PPT
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Objectives Use Engineering Scales Learn Engineering Terminology
Interpret Engineering Plans Discuss Plan Development 900.R3.PPT
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Schedule First Day – Interpreting Engineering Plans
Second Day – Property Descriptions Expand Upon Fundamental Concepts in Participant Manual Exam 900.R3.PPT
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Right of Way Plans used by:
Appraiser Negotiator Attorney Engineer/Surveyor Value Property Explain details Acquire Property Present in Court Legal Documents Design & Construct 900.R3.PPT
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Graphic ‘Language’ Lines Graphs Charts Symbols
Engineering Drawings Graphic ‘Language’ Lines Graphs Charts Symbols 900.R3.PPT
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Each View is Perpendicular to Others
Three View Concept Top View Side View End View Plan View Profile View Cross Section Length and Width Height and Length Width and Height Each View is Perpendicular to Others Gives 3 Dimensional Picture Of Project 900.R3.PPT
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Top View (“Bird’s-Eye View”)
Plan View Top View (“Bird’s-Eye View”) Horizontal alignment of project Shape and dimensions of Topography 900.R3.PPT
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Plan View Dashed Line Existing Solid Line Proposed
North Arrow Orient Centerline Symbols/Legend Pictures 900.R3.PPT
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Plan Scale Relates Plan Distances to Actual Distances Measured level
Enables Reliable Estimated Dimensions Determined Based on the Detail to be Shown and the Size of the Plan Sheet 900.R3.PPT
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Inches divided into multiples of 10 per inch
Engineers Scale Inches divided into multiples of 10 per inch 900.R3.PPT
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Engineers Scale - Examples
Read the indicated scale like a Thermometer 900.R3.PPT
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Divides feet into inches and fractions
Architects Scale Divides feet into inches and fractions 900.R3.PPT
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Specifies a ratio (e.g., 1:100)
Metric Scales Specifies a ratio (e.g., 1:100) 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #1 - Scaling 137.5’ 1” = 50’ 130’ 190’ 300’ 320’ 1” = 100’
200’ 310’ 640’ 6500’ 3050’ 1” = 1000’ 2000’ 5050’ 900.R3.PPT
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Metric Conversion Factors
1 meter = feet = inches 1 foot = meter 1 Hectare = 10,000 sq. meters = 2.47 acres 1 acre = hectare 900.R3.PPT
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Stations Relates all dimensions Centerline – Established Control Line
Dimensioned in 100 foot increments called Stations Directions – Back, Ahead, Left, Right 900.R3.PPT
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Stationing Usually progresses from West to East or South to North
Numbered (1+00, 2+00, 3+00 …) Intermediate points are called “Pluses”(+) Distances between Stations: Numerical difference 5,280 feet = 1 mile 900.R3.PPT
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Station Equations/Equalities
Used when stationing is not continuous Point has two station numbers Actual distance between stations Add individual segment lengths 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #2 – Station Equations
1. Project Length 2,368 feet = 0.45 miles = rods Ending Station 312+66 3. A-B= B-C= A-C= A-C= 7,116 feet 4,787 feet 11,903 feet 2.25 miles A 94+00 C 225+00 BK AH B 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #2 – Station Equations
4. A-B= B-C= C-D= A-D= 250 feet 630 feet 900 feet 1,780 feet = miles 11+75 AH B 14+50 BK D A C AH 18+05 BK 900.R3.PPT
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Distances Perpendicular to Centerline
Station and Offset Distances Perpendicular to Centerline Left or Right Locate any Point by Specifying Station and Offset 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #3 – Stations & Offsets
Power Pole #1 o 29’ 74+00 75+00 72’ 76+00 44’ 46’ 1. Power Pole #1: 75+72, 29’ Lt o Power Pole #2 2. Power Pole #2: 76+44, 46’ Rt 3. Span: 105’ 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #3 – Stations & Offsets
Power Pole #1 o 65’ 74+00 90’ 75+00 76+00 60’ 57’ o Power Pole #2 4. Plot Trees 5. Distance Between Trees: 126 feet 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #3 – Stations & Offsets
Power Pole #1 o 60’ 74+00 X X X X X X X X X 75+00 76+00 20’ 80’ 25’ o Power Pole #2 6. Plot Fence 900.R3.PPT
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Highway Curves – Changes in Direction
PI T T T - Tangent - Straight Section of Centerline PI - Point of Intersection D - Delta Angle - Deflection Angle 900.R3.PPT
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Simple Curve PC - Point of Curvature PT - Point of Tangency
PI D PC PT PT - Point of Tangency L POC L - Length of Curve POT R - Radius R POC - Point on Curve POT - Point on Tangent 900.R3.PPT
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Compound Curve Two Curves, Adjacent, Same Direction Different Radii
PCC - Point of Compound Curvature 900.R3.PPT
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Reverse Curve Two Curves, Adjacent, Opposite Directions
PRC - Point of Reverse Curvature Has 2 PIs 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #4 – Highway Curves
1. Top View: Plan 2. Side View: Profile 3. End View: Cross Section 4. Curve With Constant Radius: Simple Curve 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #4 – Highway Curves
5. Two Curves, Same Direction: Compound Curve 6. Two Curves, Opposite Direction: Reverse Curve 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #4 – Highway Curves
7. PC: Point of Curvature PT: Point of Tangency PI: Point of Intersection PRC: Point of Reverse Curvature PCC: Point of Compound Curvature L: Length of Curve 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #4 – Highway Curves
Radius Rt: Right of Centerline Lt: Left of Centerline POC: Point on Curve POT: Point on Tangent C: Chord 900.R3.PPT
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Contours Lines of Equal Elevation on Plan View
Shows Shape and Slope of Land Close Lines = Steep Slope Contours Point Up Stream Elevations Labeled Each 5th Line Contour Interval Vertical Distance Between Contours 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #5 – Contours 1. “A”= “B”= 1245’ 1230’ “C” = 1230’ 2. “A-B”=
15’ “A-C”= 15’ “B-C”= 0’ 3. Hill Elevation: 1282’ 4. “C” is: Flatter - Contour Spacing 5. Stream Flows: Northeast 900.R3.PPT
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Pipeline Plan View 900.R3.PPT
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Overhead Electric Plan View
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Highway Plan View 900.R3.PPT
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Plan View Summary Aerial (Birds Eye) View Alignment
Details Right (Rt) and Left (Lt) of Centerline 900.R3.PPT
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Profile View Side View Elevations On Centerline Only
Existing and Proposed Length and Height (Elevations) 900.R3.PPT
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Profile View Horizontal Scale: Shows Distance Same Scale as Plan View
Vertical Scale: Shows Elevations Exaggerated For Clarity 900.R3.PPT
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Datum Bench Mark Basis for all Plan Elevations Example: Mean Sea Level
Point of Known Elevation Used for Vertical Control of Project 900.R3.PPT
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Profile Grade Line Proposed Final Centerline Elevations
Percent Grade %Grade = (V/H) x 100 Rate (%) of Elevation Change Rise (+) or Fall (-) 900.R3.PPT
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Vertical Highway Curves
Curved Portion of Profile Smooth Transition Between Tangents Parabolic Curves Through Dip – Sag Over Top of Hill – Crest 900.R3.PPT
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Vertical Highway Curves
Terminology PVC – Point of Vertical Curve PVI – Point of Vertical Intersection PVT – Point of Vertical Tangency L – Length Of Curve 900.R3.PPT
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Plan-Profile Sheet Contains Both Plan and Profile Views
Plan View – On Top Half Sheet Profile View – On Bottom Half Sheet 900.R3.PPT
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Underground Example 900.R3.PPT
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Overhead Electric Example
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Highway Example 900.R3.PPT
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Cross-Section View: End View
Perpendicular to Centerline In Ahead Direction Existing and Proposed Elevations at Specific Stations Left and Right of Centerline 900.R3.PPT
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Cross-Section View Shows Effect on Adjacent Property
Shows Cut and Fill Construction Limits Ditch Elevations 900.R3.PPT
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Cross-Section View Superelevation Cross-Section Sheet
Sloping Pavement Counters Centrifugal Force Cross-Section Sheet Looking Ahead, Up the Sheet Always Verify Scale 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #6 – Cross-Section
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Exercise #6 – Cross-Section
1. Fill 0 Feet 2. Cut, Ditch Lt. 21 Feet 3. Pavement Width 24 Feet 55’ Lt, 52’ Rt 4. Dist To C. Limits 5. Shoulder Width 10’ Lt, 12’ Rt 6. To Guardrail 9 Feet 7. Length Of Pipe 80 Feet 8. Road Curving Left 900.R3.PPT
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Pipeline Typical Cross-Section
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Overhead Cross-Section
Height and Width Wire Spacing Bracing Detail Clearance Foundation Detail 900.R3.PPT
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Highway Cross-Sections
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Overhead Utility Plans
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Pipeline Utility Plans
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Highway Construction Plans
Photographic Reproduction Scale Errors Always Verify Scale Half Size Plans = Double Scale Bar Graph Preferable 900.R3.PPT
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Highway Construction Plans
Title Sheet Agency Name Project Type And Length Project Identification Sheet Index Scales Used Utilities Encountered 900.R3.PPT
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Highway Construction Plans
Schematic Plan Overall Detailed Scope of Project Roads, Railroads, Towns, Survey Data, Bridge Locations, Project Terminus 900.R3.PPT
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Highway Construction Plans
Typical Sections End View - Completed Shape and Dimensions Design Features Pavement Thickness and Type Berm and Pavement Width and Slope Superelevation Details 900.R3.PPT
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Highway Construction Plans
General Summary Clarify Construction Details Provides Information not Presentable in Graphic Form 900.R3.PPT
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Highway Construction Plans
General Summary Total Construction Pay Item Quantities Used to Prepare Cost Estimate and Bid Submission 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #7 – Construction Plans
1. Overall Scope Schematic Plan 2. End View Cross-Section 3. North Arrow Plan Profile 4. Exaggerated Scale 5. Quantities/Items Gen’l Summary 6. Ditch Elevations Cross-Sections 7. Cut/Fill Profile & X-Sects 8. Location/Type/Name Title 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #7 – Construction Plans
9. Details General Notes 10. Correct Scales: 40’ 1”= 20’ ” = 10’ 1”= 5’ ” = 100’ 1”= 50’ ” = 20’ 1”= ” = 900.R3.PPT
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Plan–Profile Sheet Plan View (Top of Page) North Arrow - Orient Plan
Centerline and Stations Detailed Information Contour Lines 900.R3.PPT
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Plan–Profile Sheet Profile View Centerline Elevations
Horizontal Scale Same as Plan View Exaggerated Vertical Scale 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #8 – Plan Profile Sheet
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Exercise #8 – Plan Profile Sheet
1. Distance 2590 Feet 2. Plan Scale: 1” = 660 Feet 3. Length/Dia. 100’, 20” 4 Feet 4. Minimum Cover 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #8 – Plan Profile Sheet
5. Depth of Cover 5 Feet 6. Work Area Width 100 Feet 7. Datum Elevation Spike in 14” Oak 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #8 – Plan Profile Sheet
8. Crosses Highway 3 Times N12°-42’E Line 2 9. Spans 481’ & 488’ 10. Lengths 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #8 – Plan Profile Sheet
11. Plan Scale: 1”= 50’ 13. Max. New R/W (PT), 120’ 12. Width of R/W 25’ (s) 14. Channel Change R/W 20’ 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #8 – Plan Profile Sheet
15. Curve Length 300’ Delta Angle 18 degrees Left 16. Property Owners Smith & Wilson 17. PVIs 21+50 & 25+50 900.R3.PPT
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Cross-Sections Original Ground & Completed Pavement Elevations
Usually 50’ or 100’ Intervals Ditches, Embankment and Excavation 900.R3.PPT
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Cross-Sections Looking Ahead, Up Sheet 900.R3.PPT
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Construction Plan Summary
All Three Views (Plan, Profile, Cross-Sections) Used Together Provides Complete 3D Picture of Project 900.R3.PPT
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Right of Way Plans Purpose: Property Boundaries and Dimensions
Areas and Rights to be Acquired Information Required for Property Descriptions Establish Right of Way Limits 900.R3.PPT
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Right of Way Plans –Title Sheet
Similar or Same as Construction Plans 900.R3.PPT
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Right of Way Plans Centerline Plat Major Geographic Features
Filed for Record 900.R3.PPT
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Property Maps Overview of all properties
Similar to Photograph or Tax Map Land Hook ( ) Indicates Same Ownership 900.R3.PPT
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Summary Sheet Parcel Tabulation / Ownership Index
Name and Parcel Number List Recording Information (Deed Book and Page Number) Areas – Existing, Taken, and Remaining 900.R3.PPT
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Detail Sheet Plat of Subject Parcel (Property Plat)
Shows Acquisition Detail Used to: Prepare Property Appraisals Calculate Area of Parcel Write Legal Descriptions 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #9 – Right of Way Plans
1. Project goes West to East 2. Properties 4 or 5 3. a. 26D Drainage - Gum b. 27R R/W - Gray c. 29 CA/RW - Smith 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #9 – Right of Way Plans
4. a. Gum 7.4 Ac b. Gray 10.7 Ac c. Smith 3.0 Ac d. Lanham 23.3 Ac 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #9 – Right of Way Plans
5. a. Pool Taken? No b. Interesting? Not on Property c. Taken? No 6. Trees? 6 7. Station / Offset of Corners 164’ Lt 340+74 151’ Lt 348+29 122’ Rt 347+30 900.R3.PPT
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Interpreting Engineering Plans
Summary: Interpreting Engineering Plans Basic Skill Learned Read and Interpret Engineering Plans Engineering Plans Lines, Symbols, Dimensions Three View Concept Plan, Profile & Cross-Sections Scale Depends on Detail and Paper Size 900.R3.PPT
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Interpreting Engineering Plans
Summary: Interpreting Engineering Plans Centerlines, Stations and Offsets Locate Details and Points Horizontal Highway Curves Simple, Reverse, Compound Vertical Highway Curves Sag, Crest Curve Nomenclature 900.R3.PPT
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Interpreting Engineering Plans
Summary: Interpreting Engineering Plans Right of Way Plans Information to Acquire Property to Construct Project Construction Plans Details for Construction Project 900.R3.PPT
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Compass Bearings Line Direction in Degrees, Minutes & Seconds from N/S Line Four Cardinal (Main) Directions Due North Lines are Labeled “N” Due East Lines are Labeled “E” Due South Lines are Labeled “S” Due West Lines are Labeled “W” 900.R3.PPT
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Compass Bearings 1 Degree (°) = 60 Minutes 1 Minute = 60 Seconds
4 Quadrants: NE, SE, SW, NW Each Contains 90° S 15° E Same as N 15° W 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #10 – Bearings N36°30’E S36°30’W N43°30’E S43°30’W N57°00’W
d. N57°00’W S57°00’E N71°00’W S71°00’E 900.R3.PPT
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Exercise #10 – Bearings N68°00’E S48°45’W S25°00’E N28°00’W 1.a. b. c.
d. S25°00’E N28°00’W 900.R3.PPT
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Assignment Complete Exercises 1 - 10 Answer Self-Study Questions
900.R3.PPT
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