1. Oku losZ{k.k Ekkiu & 1 Oku Ekkiu ds fl)kar

2. Forest Mensuration - I bl l= dk mn~s’; izf’k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks ou ekiu ds ckjs fuEu dh tkudkjh nsuk % 1 ifjp; 2 ou ekiu ds eq[; fl)kar o ifjHkk"kk,a A 3 ou ekiu ds mn~s’; 4 ou ekiu dk dk;Z {ks=

3. Introduction ekiu xf.kr dh og 'kk[kk tks iSekbZ’k ls laca/k j[krh gS eki yEckbZ] {ks=Qy] ek=k tkuus ds fy, iqjkus le; esa eki tkuus dh fuEu O;oLFkk,sa Fkh % ekud iz;kstu euek=k dh tkudkjh vatqfynksuksa gkFkksa dks tksM+dj ek=k dk uki gkFk yEckbZ dk uki Mensuration concerns with measurement; part of mathematics To determine length, area, volume In ancient times, related systems were: Standards Meaning Mana measure of capacity or volume Anjuli two hands joined together as a cup, used as a measure of capacity Hath measure of length by hand

4. ou ekiu & ifjHkk"kk Definition of Forest Mensuration ou ekiu okfudh dh og 'kk[kk gS tks,d o`{k] o`{k lewg vFkok iwjs taxy ¼[kM++s vFkok fxjs gq, ½ dh iSekbZ’k] mez] vk;q] o`f) vkfn ls laca/k j[krh gS A Forest Mensuration is that branch of forestry that deals with the determination of dimensions (e.g. diameter, height, volume etc.), form, age, and increment of single trees, stands or whole woods, either standing or after felling.

5. ou ekiu ds eq[; fl)kar Basic Concept of Forest Mensuration ekiu dk eryc yEckbZ] vk;ru] ek=k o le; tkuuk gSA ou ekiu esa fuEu dh iSekbZ’k 'kkfey gS % [kM+s o fxjs gq, o`{k dVh gqbZ,oa fpjku ydM+h o ckal xSj dk"Bh; ouksit tSls Nky] tM+] Qy vkfn ou ekiu bl vk/kkj ij yEckbZ] {ks=Qy] ek=k o ot+u dh iSekbZ’k ls lacf/kr gS Mensuration means measurement of length, volume, mass and time. Forest Mensuration includes measurements of § Felled and standing trees, § Sawn wood and round logs and bamboos § NTFPs such as bark, roots, fruits, etc Forest Mensuration, therefore, concerns with linear, area, volume and weight measurements.

6. ou ekiu ds eq[; fl)kar&2 Basic Concept of Forest Mensuration -2 ou ekiu esa fuEu ekinaMksa dks ifjek.k ds #i esa of.kZr fd;k tk ldrk gS % mez Nky ds ckgj o vUnj dk O;kl yEckbZ vFkok mapkbZ :i ;k vkdkj Vsij ;k mapkbZ ds lkFk O;kl ds ifjorZu dh nj Nky ds vUnj o ckgj dk vk;ru N= dh pkSM+kbZ ¼Økmu foM~Fk½ ydM+h dk ?kuRo In forest Mensuration, the following parameters can be described quantitatively: Age Diameter- over and under bark Length or height Form or shape Taper or the rate of change of diameter with length Volume over or under bark Crown width Wood density Mensuration also deals with measuring and predicting the growth of trees and crops that is, the change in the parameter with time.

7. ou ekiu ds m)s’; ge D;ksa iSekbZ’k djrs gSa & Objectives of Forest Mensuration Why do we measure? 1 fczdh ds fy, vk/kkj 2 izca/ku ds fy, vk/kkj 3 'kks/k ds fy, iSekbZ’k 4 ;kstuk cukus ds fy, iSekbZ’k 1. Basis for sale 2. Basis of management 3. Measurement for research 4. Measurement for planning

8. ou ekiu dk dk;Z {ks= Scope of Forest Mensuration ou ekiu dk dk;Z {ks= O;kid gS vkSj ;g c<+ jgk gS tc ydM+h csph] :ikarfjr ;k bLrseky dh tkrh gS rc bldk mi;ksx gksrk gS bldk lac/k u dsoy ou esa dke dj jgs vf/kdkfj;ksa] Bsdsnkjksa] vkjk okyksa,oa ifjogu dfeZ;ksa ls gS] cfYd 'kgjksa] xkaoksa esa ydM+h dk mi;ksx dj jgh turk ls Hkh gS vktdy ekiu djus okyksa dks oU; thou] tyxzg.k {ks=] dhV o chekjh dh ?kVukvksa] euksjatu] i;ZVu vkfn esa iSekbZ’k ls lacf/kr leL;kvksa ij dk;Z djuk iM+rk gS ou ekiu esa dEi;wVj ds c<+rs mi;ksx ls bl 'kk[kk esa Økafrdkjh ifjorZu gks jgs gS A Wide scope and growing Applied when wood is sold, converted or used Concerns not only foresters, contractors, sawyers and transport labour working in the forest but also the sawn millers and wood-using public in the cities, towns and villages. Now mensurationist has to concern himself with the measurement problems of wild life management, watershed management, insect and disease incidence, recreation, tourism and many of the mensurational aspects of multiple-use forestry. The application of statistical theory and the use of electronic computer for data processing have brought about revolutionary changes in forest measurement problems.

9. BRITISH and METRIC SYSTEMS LENGTH & AREA BRITISHMETRICCONVERSION 12 INCHES = 1 FOOT100 CM = 1 METREInch x 2.54 = CM 3 FEET = 1 YARD100 M = 1 HECTOMETREFeet x 0.3048 = METRE 1760 YARDS = 1 MILE1000 M = 1 KILOMETREMile x 1.6093 = KM 144 sq inches = 1 sq foot10000 sq cm = 1 sq meterM x 3.2808 = FOOT 9 sq feet = 1 sq yard10000 sq m = 1 hectareHa x 2.4710 = Acre 4840 sq yards = 1 acre100 Ha = 1 sq km 640 acres = 1 sq mile

10. [kM+s o`{kksa dh xksykbZ,oa O;kl,d fuf'pr Å¡pkbZ ij gh ges'kk xksykbZ,oa O;kl dh eki dh tkrh gSA bls Nkrh Lrj dgrs gSa A bl Lrj ij dh xbZ eki & Nkrh xksykbZ] Nkrh O;kl Nkrh Lrj dk fpUg yxh M.Mh ;k jkM xksykbZ Vsi }kjk O;kl dSfyij }kjk & dSfyij esa,d fpfUgr ekiuh gksrh gS ftlesa,d fLFkj Hkqtk vkSj,d pfyr Hkqtk gksrh gS tks ekiuh ij jgrh gSA pfyr Hkqtk fLFkj Hkqtk ds lekUrj pyrh gS

11. /kU;okn