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Published byWilla Wilcox Modified over 9 years ago
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GUNS, GERMS, AND STEEL VIDEO CLIP COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING: 1. Where do inequalities in the world come from according to Diamond? 2. Create a Chart listing the Pros & Cons of the Hunter-Gatherer Lifestyle Bell Work
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Early Human History Paleolithic art from Lascaux, France.
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I. The Stone Age (From Survivors to Thrivers) Stone Age split into three distinct periods: Paleolithic (Old Stone) Age – roughly 2 million years ago until 12,000 B.C.E. Mesolithic (Middle Stone) Age – about 12,000 to 8,000 B.C.E. Neolithic (New Stone) Age – about 8,000 to 3,000 B.C.E. Life during Paleolithic age Simple tool use (sticks, stones of varying shapes and sizes) Nomads – highly mobile, moved from place to place looking for food usually in bands of 20-30 Hunter-gatherers – depended on hunting animals and collecting foods Learned to control Fire, use animal skins for clothing Humans evolved to what we are today: Homo sapiens sapiens Originated about 240,000 years ago in East Africa
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I. continued… Life in Paleolithic Age continued… Population growth was slow – hunter-gatherer way of life cannot support large groups Late Paleolithic – development of culture A people’s unique way of life – helps explain the environment and rules for social behavior (cave painting, buried the dead; belief in spirit world) Development of complex languages and speech Entire world is populated by end of Paleolithic Age Entire world is populated by end of Paleolithic Age Developments in the Mesolithic Age Last great Ice Age ends, living conditions improve for most of the Northern Hemisphere Human progress accelerates – tools, weapons become more sophisticated Food storage, animal domestication (taming) begins Population growth accelerated
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Cave Paintings, France and Spain
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II. Neolithic Revolution Between 10,000 and 12,000 years ago, agriculture (farming) began This is called the Neolithic (or Agricultural) Revolution Took thousands of years to spread from Middle East (Fertile Crescent) to rest of worldFertile Crescent Many groups began by practicing an early agriculture technique called slash-and-burn farming: Cut and burned vegetation to clear a field – allowed to grow back after a year or two, once farmers have moved on Further domestication of animals – horses, dogs, goats, pigs, sheep, camels
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What is the REVOLUTION? A TOTALLY new way of living: From Hunter-Gatherers to Agriculture
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II. Continued… Neolithic Revolution paves way for permanent settlements Agriculture allowed larger groups to live in one place Catal Huyuk A Neolithic Age village, founded about 7,000 B.C.E. in modern- day Turkeyin modern- day Turkey Population was in the thousands; grew 12 crops Traded and created military Specialized workers and cultural life flourished Drawbacks: natural disasters, diseases, warfare were common problems or people live closely together Neolithic Revolution comic Neolithic Revolution comic
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III. Civilization Permanent settlements, like Catal Huyuk, led to emergence of civilization Societies that rely on agriculture, produce food surpluses Have formal political organization Characterized by groups of non-farming elites, merchant and manufacturing groups, specialized workers Development of writing Essential to civilization for communication, record keeping, establishment of law and order Cuneiform – first system of writing, emerged in Middle East around 3500 B.C.E. Cuneiform
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AdvancedCities SpecializedWorkers ComplexInstitutions Record-Keeping AdvancedTechnology
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Neo. Rev. leads to Population Explosion!
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IV. End of Stone Age Bronze Age Emergence of civilizations also brought about the end of the Stone Age Bronze Age – began around 3000 B.C.E. with the widespread use of bronze (type of metal) tools
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Key Vocabulary – Chapter 1 (Part 1) Paleolithic (Old Stone) Age Homo sapiens sapiens Neolithic (New Stone) Age Neolithic Revolution Hunting and gathering Bronze Age Slash and burn agriculture Bands Catal Huyuk Civilization Cuneiform Nomads
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