1. Lab Activity #4: Quantitative Analysis Chemical Background – Vinegar is a solution of water that contains acetic acid (CH 3 COOH). Baking soda is pure sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ). CH 3 COOH + NaHCO 3  NaCH 3 COO + H 2 O + CO 2

2. Purpose – Analyze the effect of different amounts of vinegar reacting with a fixed amount of baking soda Question: How will the amount of vinegar added to baking soda effect CO 2 production in the reaction? Hypothesis: ______________________________ ______________________________

3. Experiment – 1.Place 1.00 gram of baking soda into a clean and dry test tube. 2. Total volume of Erlenmeyer Flask = ______ mL 3. Setup a gas collecting apparatus.

4. 4. Add 5.0 mL of vinegar to the test tube and quickly stopper to collect the gas. 5. Shake the test tube until no more gas bubbles form. 6. Measure the volume of water remaining in the flask after the reaction is complete.

5. 6. Repeat to complete the data table. Never add more than 5 mL at a time 7. Total volume of Erlenmeyer Flask = ___________ mL Baking Soda Amount (g) Vinegar Amount (mL) Volume of Water Remaining in Flask (mL) Volume of Gas Collected (mL) 1.005.0 1.0010.0 1.0015.0 1.0020.0

6. Analysis – 1. Calculate the volume of gas collected for each trial. Report the data in your table. 2. What amount of vinegar produced the maximum amount of gas? 3.Estimate the amount of CO 2 that would be produced from 1.00 g of baking soda and 25.0 mL of vinegar. 4.Accurately graph your information in your lab notebook. Conclusion-

7. Questions – 1.As you should know, CO 2 is soluble in water (soda pop!), does this affect your results? Explain. 2.What forms of evidence were there that a chemical reaction took place in this experiment? 3. What happened to the H 2 O and NaCH 3 COO produced in this chemical reaction? 4. Adding an excessive amount of vinegar to a gram of baking soda causes no further reaction. How does this fact demonstrate the reality that atoms (fundamental building blocks of matter) probably exist?