1. 1313 CHAPTER SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

2. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-2 Competencies Describe the six phases of the systems life cycle Identify information needs and formulate possible solutions Analyze existing information systems & evaluate the feasibility of alternative systems

3. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-3 Competencies cont. Identify, acquire, and test new system software and hardware Switch from an existing information system to a new one Perform system audits and periodic evaluations

4. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-4 System Analysis and Design

5. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-5 Phase 1 Preliminary Investigation Define the problem Suggest alternative systems Prepare a short report

6. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-6 Phase 2 – Analysis Gathering data Analyzing the data Document systems analysis

7. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-7 Analyzing the Data Checklist Top-down analysis method Grid charts Decision tables System flowcharts Data flow diagrams Automated design tools

8. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-8 Phase 3 Design Designing alternative systems Economic feasibility Technical feasibility Operational feasibility Selecting the best system Write the systems design report

9. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-9 Phase 4 Development Acquiring software Acquiring hardware Testing the new system

10. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-10 Phase 5 Implementation Types of conversion Direct Parallel Pilot Phased Training

11. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-11 Phase 6 Maintenance Ongoing activity Two parts Systems audit Periodic evaluation

12. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-12 Prototyping and Rapid Applications Development Alternative to the systems life cycle Use if systems life cycle is not feasible Prototyping is building a model RAD – Rapid applications development

13. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-13 A Look to the Future Rapid Change Pace of business is now faster To stay competitive, new technologies must be incorporated Increased use of RAD and prototyping Increased use of outside consulting

14. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-14 Key Terms automated design tool (365) checklist (363) Computer-aided software engineering tools (CASE) (365) conversion (369) data flow diagram (365) decision table (364) direct approach (369) economic feasibility (367) grid chart (364) operational feasibility (367) organization chart (362) parallel approach (370) phased approach (370)

15. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-15 Key Terms pilot approach (370) preliminary investigation (359) prototyping (373) rapid applications development (RAD) (373) system (358) system flowchart (364) systems analysis (362) systems analysis report (366) systems analyst (358) systems audit (372) systems design (366) systems design report (367)

16. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-16 Key Terms systems development (368) systems implementation (369) systems life cycle (358) systems maintenance (371) technical feasibility (367) top-down analysis method (363)

17. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-17 FAQs What is a system? What are the responsibilities of a system analyst? Why is a preliminary investigation important for a new information system? List several of the tools used for the analysis of data. What is prototyping?

18. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13-18 Discussion Questions What is systems analysis? What are the three tasks of systems design? Explain. Explain the four approaches to conversion to a new information system. Explain the need for RAD.