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Accidents EEG Lesions and Functio nal MRI CAT PETMRI
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Phineas Gage Story Personality changed after the accident. What does this tell us? Phineas’s frontal cortex (higher thinking) was severed from the part of the brain in charge of emotions.
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Removal or destruction of some part of the brain. Frontal Lobotomy
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EEG Detects brain waves through their electrical output. Used mainly in sleep research.
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CAT Scan CAT( 3 Words) 3 D X-Ray of the brain. Good for tumor locating, but tells us nothing about function.
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MRI More detailed picture of brain using a magnetic field to knock electrons off axis. Takes many still pictures and turns images into a movie like production.
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PET Scan Measures how much of a chemical the brain is using (usually glucose consumption).
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Combination of PET and MRI
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1. Hindbrain 2. Midbrain 3. Forebrain Cerebral Cortex (part or forebrain)
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Located just above the spinal cord. Involved in control of blood pressure heart rate breathing.
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Controls our balance and fine movement skills
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Coordinates simple movements with sensory information. Most important structure in Midbrain is the Reticular Formation: controls arousal and ability to focus our attention.
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What makes us human. Largest part of the brain. Made up of the Thalamus, Limbic System and Cerebral Cortex.
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Receives sensory signals from the spinal cord and sends them to other parts of the forebrain.
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Brain Structures: Forebrain The Limbic System Emotions, our most basic reactions, are generated in the Limbic system along with the many appetites and urges that help us behave in such a way to survive. For instance, the Amygdala, is the place where fear is registered and generated.
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Maybe most important structure in the brain. Controls and regulates Body temperature Sexual Arousal Hunger Thirst Endocrine System
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Involved in the processing and storage of memories.
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More involved in volatile emotions like anger.
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Made up of densely packed neurons we call “gray matter” Glial Cells: support brain cells. Wrinkles are called fissures. If you lay brain out it would be as big as a large Pizza 2000 pizza.
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The Cerebral Cortex is made up of four Lobes. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=lobes+on+a+brain&hl=en&safe=active&sa=X&qscrl=1&nord=1&rlz=1T4ADFA_enUS393US394&tbm=isch&prmd=ivns&tbnid=0qxi4Ttyo_YpyM:&imgrefurl= http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/9549.htm&docid=ESrZP3QshA45NM&w=400&h=320&ei=kNw- TuyMK8ODsgKvz4kF&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=322&vpy=79&dur=2609&hovh=201&hovw=251&tx=156&ty=98&page=1&tbnh=120&tbnw=150&start=0&ndsp=9&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0&biw=792&bi h=528
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Abstract thought and emotional control.
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Process sound sensed by our ears.
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Wernick- Decodes speech Broca-Commands speech
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Contain Sensory Cortex: receives incoming touch sensations from rest of the body.
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Deals with vision. Contains Visual Cortex: interprets messages from our eyes into images we can understand.
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logic sequential tasks. spatial creative tasks.
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Connects the 2 hemispheres.
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Patients with severe epilepsy will have a procedure done that removes their corpus callosum.
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The idea that the brain, when damaged, will attempt to find news ways to reroute messages. Children’s brains are more plastic than adults.
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