1. 1.1 What is Life? Lauren Gerlin Date Grade Name September 29 th, 2014 11 Th

2. Hello there! I am your science teacher for this PowerPoint! I am going to teach you about the Basics of Life. My name is Bertha and my friend’s name is Bert. We are from the Science Galaxy and we are excited to see you learn a lot of Biology this year!

3. Some Things you Need to Know Beforehand Nonliving objects may possess some characteristics of living organisms Nonliving objects may possess some characteristics of living organisms Cell is the basic unit of life Cell is the basic unit of life A membrane is a pliable sheet like structure acting as a boundary, lining, or partition in an organism A membrane is a pliable sheet like structure acting as a boundary, lining, or partition in an organism A membrane separates the cell from its surroundings, enclosing a huge variety of structures and chemicals in a fluid environment A membrane separates the cell from its surroundings, enclosing a huge variety of structures and chemicals in a fluid environment This allows a staggering number of chemical reactions to occur in the proper order, at the proper location and at the proper time so that the cell can maintain and reproduce itself This allows a staggering number of chemical reactions to occur in the proper order, at the proper location and at the proper time so that the cell can maintain and reproduce itself To start off we need to learn some background information! Up above me is a picture of a cell.

4. 1.Organisms acquire and use materials and energy 2.Organisms actively maintain organized complexity 3.Organisms perceive and respond to stimuli 4.Organisms grow 5.Organisms reproduce 6.Organisms, collectively, have the capacity to evolve SIX IS THE MAGIC NUMBER!!!!

5. Organisms acquire and use materials and energy Obtain minerals, water and other simple chemical building blocks from air, water, soil and from the bodies of other living things Because life neither creates nor destroys matter, materials are continuously exchanged and recycled among organisms and their nonliving surroundings. The energy that sustains life comes from sunlight Photosynthesis: certain organisms directly capture and store solar energy Trap and store energy for their own use, but the energy stored in their bodies also powers all other forms of life, such as fungi and animals. It is released back to the environment as heat Photosynthesis is really important to remember! Isn’t this exciting?!?!

6. Organisms must use energy continuously to maintain themselves. Organisms must use energy continuously to maintain themselves. They use energy to keep their organs war, so it can stay in constant temperature They use energy to keep their organs war, so it can stay in constant temperature Sweat is one of the ways the body cools itself Sweat is one of the ways the body cools itself Food warms our body Food warms our body One example is when a membrane constantly pumps some chemicals in and others out I love Biology!

7. When the brain detects low levels of sugar in your blood, it causes your mouth to water at the smell of food Oh how I love Biology!!!!!

8. Single-celled organisms such as bacteria grow about double their original size, copy their genetic material, and then double their original size, copy their genetic material, and then divide in half to reproduce. Individual cells can also contribute to the growth of an organism by increasing in size, as occurs in muscle and fat cells in animals, and in food storage cells in plants Animals and plants use a similar process to produce more cells to bacteria

9. Reproduce in a verity of ways that include dividing in half, producing seeds, bearing live young and laying eggs Offspring inherit from their parents the instructions for producing and maintaining their particular forms of life. These instructions are carried in the unique structure of the hereditary molecule deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA. I love the topic of DNA! It is so interesting!

10. Evolution: the process by which modern organisms have descended from earlier and different forms of life. Population: a group of the same type of organism inhabiting the same area I think this picture is so interesting! Guess what!?!? WE ARE FINISHED WITH THIS SECTION!

11. Scientific Method Lauren Gerlin Date Grade Name September 29 th, 2014 11 Th

12. Hello there! I am excited to teach you about the scientific method and just the basics of science! I hope you liked what we taught you in the first section of this amazing PowerPoint!

13. What is Science? “It is the concerted human effort to understand, or to understand better, the history of the natural world and how the natural world works, with observable physical evidence as the basis of that understanding” What is science, Bertha? That is a very good question! Let’s look and see what the answer is!

14. Lets learn about these six steps in the next few slides! I am going to use one example throughout the next six slides about the growth of tomatoes!

15. My observation is that I notice that some tomatoes are bigger than others and wonder why

16. My question is, Does the amount of sunlight a tomato plant receives affect the size of the tomatoes?

17. is an idea or explanation that you then test through study and experimentation. My Hypothesis is, I believe that the more sunlight a tomato plant receives, the larger the tomatoes will grow.

18. My prediction is, Increasing the amount of sunlight tomato plants in my experiment receive will cause an increase in their size compared to identical plants that received the same care but less light.

19. is an orderly procedure carried out with the goal of verifying, refuting, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis My Experiment is, I get tomato seeds and I treat them exactly the same, but all the tomatoes get different amount of times in the sunlight.

20. will summarize whether or not your science fair project results support or contradict your original hypothesis My conclusion is a minimum of six to eight hours of full-sun exposure daily for tomato will increase the size to the fullest it can be. If the plant receives less than that amount of sunlight, the tomato will be smaller than they would be with more sunlight

21. You will have a bunch of colorful index cards and you have to match them to the same one. You have to answer the question, if there is one, after picking two cards. The cards DO NOT have to be the same color to be a match! HAVE FUN! (after this I will give you a five question quiz)

22. Citations Information: http://www.gly.uga.edu/railsback/1122science2.html http://www.masteringbiology.com/site/login.html Mrs. Ceppaglia’s PowerPoint Pictures: http://www.how-to-draw-funny-cartoons.com/scientist- cartoon.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis http://www.gatewaytoscience.org/2014/08/register- clubs/