1. Sexually Transmitted Infections
Health Education
Mr. Sheldon

2. Viruses Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Herpes Hepatitis B
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Not curable – can only treat the symptoms!

3. HPV Direct cause of cervical cancer Symptoms: warts or no symptoms
Highly contagious with or without symptoms
Spread through skin to skin contact, oral, vaginal, anal sex
Not curable – possible for girls to be vaccinated before exposure
Can be passed from mother to child at birth
Prevention – no sexual contact. Condom has limited effectiveness

4. Herpes 1 in 5 Americans Simplex 1 – Mouth (cold sores)
Simplex 2 – Genitals
Transmitted: skin to skin, mouth to genitals, touching sore then touching skin
Symptoms: rash/blisters
Can cause birth defects and passed mother to child
Treatment: medication for outbreaks
Condoms provide limited protection during outbreak.
Possible to transmit virus even when not experiencing outbreak.

5. Hepatitis B Causes infection of the liver
Transmitted through oral, anal, vaginal sexual contact, sharing needles, mother to child.
Symptoms: Flu like, jaundice, or no symptoms.
No cure for Hepatitis B – vaccine can be taken before exposure.

6. HIV/AIDS Causes weakening of the immune system.
HIV is the virus. Blood count level determines when someone has AIDS.
Present in Blood, Semen, Vaginal fluid, breast milk.
Ways of transmission: Oral, anal, vaginal sex, sharing needles, mother to child

7. HIV Continued Signs & Symptoms No symptoms
Average time between HIV infection & AIDS is 8-11 years
Over time, HIV causes body to develop infections normally controlled by immune system
Diagnosed through blood test
Treatment: No cure – drugs to allow people to live with HIV for longer periods of time.

8. Bacterial
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Chlamydia
Treated with antibiotics.

9. Gonorrhea 40 Million infections in United States
Grows in warm, moist places (uterus, fallopian tubes, urethra, throat, mouth)
Symptoms: often none
Women: burning sensation when urinating, discharge
Men: burning sensation when urinating, discharge, swollen testicles
Prevention: no physical contact with exposed person

10. Gonorrhea Causes infertility in both men and women
Easier to catch HIV when infected with Gonorrhea
Can spread to blood system leading to death.
Antibiotics used to treat, do not prevent future infections.

11. Syphilis Very few cases in US (less than 40,000)
Passed by touching sores on infected person, sexual contact
Very few symptoms: sores first (first 6 weeks), Skin rash, long term damage to heart, brain, eyes, liver.
Treated very easily with antibiotics
Untreated leads to death

12. Chlamydia Teenage girls have highest risk (not fully developed cervix)
“silent disease” – most people have no symptoms.
Symptoms:
Women: abdominal pain, bleeding, nausea
Men: discharge, burning sensation when urinating

13. Chlamydia Causes infertility in women & men
Transmitted through vaginal, anal and oral sex.
Treated with antibiotics
Condoms: reduce risk of transmission

14. Parasites
Pubic Lice
Scabies
Treated with Shampoos/Lotions.

15. Pubic Lice – “Crabs”
Tiny insects live in pubic hair – feed on human blood.
3 million cases per year in U.S.
Spread through physical contact & linens
Symptoms: itching

16. Scabies Mite that burrows into skin Lays eggs under skin
Symptoms: Intense itching, red bumps, crusty skin
Spread through physical contact, sharing clothing, towels, bedding

17. Scabies

18. Pubic Lice

19. Testing Not having sex Most be done by a doctor!
Should be tested before and after sexual contact.
Only 1 Method of birth control guarantees you will not become infected:
Not having sex