1. Parent Training: Communicable Diseases & Bloodborne Pathogens
Community Council of Idaho, Inc.
Migrant & Seasonal Head Start

2. Communicable diseases,
Sometimes called infectious diseases
Illnesses caused by organisms such as
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi (hongos)
Parasites (parásito)
Sometimes not due to the organism itself, but rather a toxin (toxina).

3. Illnesses caused by organisms such as:
V_ _ _ _ _ _
F_ _ _ _
P_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4. Communicable Diseases
What are some that you can
think of?
How are they transmitted?
Bacteria:
Tuberculosis: Suspected cases also are reportable; 3 days to report to local Health District
Botulism: foodborne, infant, other; report IMMEDIATELY
E. coli: 1 day to report
Viral Diseases
Hepatitis A, B, C: 1 day to report
Measles (rubeola): 1 day to report
West Nile virus infections: report within 3 days
Other
Foodborne illness/food poisoning: 1 day
Lead ≥ 10 µg/dl whole blood: report within 3 days

5. How are CD Transmitted (spread)
One infected person to another,
From an animal to a human, or
From some inanimate object
Ex: doorknobs to an individual (tirador de la puerta)
Some communicable diseases can be spread in more than one way.

6. How are CD Transmitted (spread)B C D

7. Why are Young Children at Risk?
Children in child care are more likely to get sick than children who stay at home.
Children are at risk for getting communicable diseases because:
they have developing immune systems
Infants & young children explore their environment by using their hands and mouths.
Young children do not wash their hands on their own after toileting, eating or wiping their noses, they often spread germs.
Staff may not always take time to wash their hands between activities (i.e. diapering, wiping noses, preparing food).

8. What types of diseases are most commonly seen in young children?
Ear Infections: Not contagious
Upper Respiratory: Contagious
Runny Nose: often a sign of a respiratory illness caused by a virus, but can also come from crying, teething, being out in cold weather, or allergies.
Rashes are not usually contagious (2 common rashes).
Heat rash: mostly found in the skin folds of a child and is a small, red rash that t is most often the result of being too bundled up. It will disappear once the child is cooler.
Milia: occurs on the face & consists of very small, white bumps over the forehead and cheeks. Harmless and will eventually go away.

9. Continued Nausea and Vomiting: Viral infection that is contagious.
There are many reasons for nausea and vomiting, including illness, so a vomiting infant should be separated from other children, and monitored closely for signs of dehydration and illness.
Pink Eye: contagious

10. How are Diseases Spread?
Respiratory: most common way diseases pass from one child to another is through direct contact with the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth or eyes (due to inadequate hygiene).
Recurrent middle ear infection
Meningitis
Upper respiratory infections (colds, coughs, sinusitis)
Sore throat
Lower respiratory infections (pneumonia, repiratory syncytila virus(RSV))
Haemophilus Influenza type B (HIB)
Whooping cough (pertussis)
Tuberculosis
Swine-Influenza (see handout)

11. Fecal-Oral: viruses can be passed from one person to another through inadequate hand washing or hand-to-mouth behavior, fecal material is brought into a child’s mouth, causing illness.
Children in diapers and children that put toys and other objects in their mouths are at risk.
An uncovered sandbox can contain cat or other animal feces that may cause disease in humans.
Diarrheal illnesses, pinworms, hand-foot-mouth disease (coxsackie), and hepatitis A.

12. Skin-to-Skin: viruses can be spread by touching and sharing of personal belongings, dress-up clothes, stuffed toys and other items can contribute to the transmission of some infections:
Chickenpox (varicella)
Impetigo (skin infection caused by bacteria)
Scabies (itchy skin caused by mites)
Head lice
Scalp and body ringworm
Herpes simplex virus (cold sores)

13. Body Fluids: Blood, Urine, Saliva (Bloodborne Pathogens)
Bloodborne disease: disease carried by blood or other body fluid
Germs live in body fluids
When children put toys and fingers in their mouths, they can spread disease through their body fluids
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): viral infection that is usually harmless unless the immune system is weak
Hepatitis B and C
HIV / AIDS

14. How are Diseases Spread?F S B

15. Rompa la cadena de la enfermedad!!
Washing hands is one of the most important steps we can take to avoid getting sick and spreading germs to others.
WASH YOUR HANDS: #1 preventing communicable diseases
Follow sanitation and hygiene procedures
Stay home if you are sick
Follow Short Exclusion of Ill Children Policy
Train parents on what they can do

16. ACTIVITY: Hand Washing Supplies Needed: Glow Germs Black Light

17. INSTRUCTIONS: Glo Germ™ Liquid is rubbed onto one’s hands like lotion
INSTRUCTIONS: Glo Germ™ Liquid is rubbed onto one’s hands like lotion. Then wash your hands as normal. Use the ultra-violet light to discover remaining germs left behind. Review proper hand washing procedures.