1. Protection(chapter 23.1-23.3)
Immune System
Protection(chapter )

2. Smallpox Latin word for “spotted”
Serious, sometimes fatal, contagious disease
No treatment
Spread through general contact and contaminated bedding
First recorded in china over years ago
Pharaoh Ramses V died of smallpox in 1157 BC

3. Symptoms 1st sign: develop a rash on tongue and in mouth
Fever, headaches, vomiting
Rash develops into sores
Sores become pus-filled with depression in the middle
Sores become scabs which eventually break off
Sometimes death
Most contagious when rash develops into sores. When scabs fall off, person is no longer contagious

4. Dr. Jenner Physician in England
Saw that milkmaids infected with cowpox were not getting smallpox

5. Jenner’s experiment
Took the pus from a cowpox sore on a milkmaid, Sarah Nelmes
Inoculated(injected) his gardener’s 8 year old son, James Phipps
He developed cowpox and recovered
After 8 weeks, exposed him to smallpox which he never developed

6. Inoculation Method of preventing fatal diseases
Take matter from an already infected person
With mild form of disease
Inject into a healthy person
Healthy person will hopefully get a mild infection
Immune to real disease
Drawback: very risky
Mild infection not always so mild
Sometimes just as fatal

7. Vaccination “vacca”= Latin word for cow We use vaccinia virus
Using dead or weakened organisms to induce immunity without actually causing disease
We use vaccinia virus
Strain of cowpox virus
Preven smallpox
Rare side effects
May cause neurological problems

8. End of smallpox? Last reported case was in 1978
Ali Mao Maalin a cook in Merca, Somalia
Following September 11 bioterrorist threats are feared
Smallpox is recognized as a very likely candidate because of it’s deadly reputation and ease in spreading through large populations