1. In situ science in support of satellite ocean color objectives Jeremy Werdell NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Science Systems & Applications, Inc. 6 Jun 2011 PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

2. outline PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB the ocean color community; its infrastructure & data archives satellite data product validation; algorithm development “status report” progress within the community; GSFC field work & team

3. the ocean color community PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB U.S. & international academic, research, & government institutions NASA Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry Program GSFC Ocean Ecology Branch

4. PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB data processing & distribution SeaDAS Aquarius & NPP Ocean PEATE satellite calibration & validation SeaBASS Ocean Biology Processing Group field program support office HPLC analysis team field & satellite sensor development ocean carbon research & laboratory

5. NASA Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry (OBB) Program PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB field work funded by OBB Program in situ data submitted to NASA SeaBASS (GSFC) within 1-year in situ data publicly released in situ data used to validate satellite data products & to develop / evaluate algorithms in situ used to calibrate satellite

6. SeaBASS data archive PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB AOPs, IOPs, carbon stocks, CTD, pigments, aerosols, etc. continuous & discrete profiles; some fixed observing or along-track

7. in situ data in support of operational ocean color “cal/val” PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB satellite data product validation satellite vicarious calibration (instrument + algorithm adjustment) bio-optical algorithm development, tuning, & evaluation

8. satellite data product validation: discrete match-ups PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

9. satellite data product validation: discrete match-ups PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB in situ Chl SeaWiFS Chl % Frequency

10. satellite vicarious calibration (~ discrete match-ups) PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB S.W. Bailey, et al. “Sources and assumptions for the vicarious calibration of ocean color satellite observations,” Appl. Opt. 47, 2035-2045 (2008)

11. satellite data product validation: population statistics PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB Chesapeake Bay Program http://www.chesapeakebay.net routine data collection since 1984 12-16 cruises / year 49 stations 19 hydrographic measurements algal biomass water clarity dissolved oxygen others

12. satellite data product validation: population statistics PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB Chl-a (mg m -3 ) PJW, NASA/SSAI, 27 Apr 2011, @ HPL P.J. Werdell et al., “Regional and seasonal variability of chlorophyll-a in Chesapeake Bay as observed by SeaWiFS and MODIS-Aqua,” Rem. Sens. Environ. 113, 1319-1330 (2009).

13. bio-optical algorithm development PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB “empirical” “semi-analytical” R rs statistically related to pigments, IOPs, carbon stocks, etc. spectral matching of R rs & IOPs

14. in situ data in support of operational ocean color “cal/val” PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB spatial & temporal distributions “complete” suites of measurements (R rs, IOPs, biogeochemistry)

15. SeaBASS data archive PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB AOPs, IOPs, carbon stocks, CTD, pigments, aerosols, etc. continuous & discrete profiles; some fixed observing or along-track

16. SeaBASS holdings by year: 2006-2009 PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB 2009 20062007 2008

17. coincident SeaWiFS & in situ data PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

18. coincident SeaWiFS & in situ data

19. valid SeaWiFS-in situ match-ups PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

20. bio-optical algorithm development data sets PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB Rrs & Chl & absorption & backscattering R rs R rs & Chl R rs & Chl & absorption

21. bio-optical algorithm development data sets PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB R rs R rs & Chl

22. bio-optical algorithm data sets PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

23. moving forward: new missions PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB dynamic range of problem set is growing: new missions emphasize research in shallow, optically complex water new missions emphasize “new” products (carbon, rates, etc.) spectral domain stretching to UV and SWIR new missions have immediate, operational requirements

24. moving forward: community innovations PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB AERONET (fixed-above water platforms) buoy networks gliders, drifters, & other autonomous platforms longitude depth latitude towed & underway sampling

25. GSFC Field Program Support & HPLC Analysis PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB GSFC Ocean Ecology Branch Joaquin Chaves Scott Freeman Aimee Neeley Jeremy Werdell SeaBASS TBD Crystal Thomas Tech TBD Stan Hooker Chuck McClain Veronica Lance (post-doc) Antonio Mannino Mike Novak Chuck McClain, Branch Head

26. PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB GSFC Field Program Support & HPLC Analysis capabilities: AOPs IOPs HPLC pigments phytoplankton communities carbon stocks nutrients support: 1 large field campaign / year 2-3 small field campaigns / year 1-2 data analysis workshops / year

27. questions & comments? PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

28. satellite ocean color PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

29. SEA SURFACE TOP-OF-THE-ATMOSPHERE the satellite views the spectral light field at the top-of-the-atmosphere SATELLITE PHYTOPLANKTON 1. remove atmosphere from total signal to derive estimate of light field emanating from sea surface (remote-sensing reflectance, R rs ) 2. relate spectral R rs to C a (or geophysical product of interest) 3. spatially / temporally bin and remap satellite C a observations satellite ocean color PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

30. visible light wavelength (nm) near-infraredultra-violet 443412490510555670765865 8 SeaWiFS channels radiance, L, in units of  W cm -2 nm -1 sr -1 surface 0o0o  reflectance, R = L incident irradiance, E satellite ocean color PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB

31. different water masses, different L w … one suite of algorithms? satellite ocean color PJW, NASA/SSAI, 6 Jun 2011, @ UCSB