1. BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
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2. INTRODUCTION
OSHA ESTIMATES 5.6 MILLION WORKERS IN HEALTH CARE AND OTHER FACILITIES ARE AT RISK OF EXPOSURE TO BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS SUCH AS HUMAN IMUNODEFICIENCY (HIV) AND HEPATITIS B (HBV).

3. PURPOSE:
TO PROVIDE SAFE WORKING CONDITIONS THAT PROTECT EMPLOYEES FROM BEING UNNECESSARILY EXPOSED TO HEALTH HAZARDS

4. GENERAL TERMS:
HBV
HEPATITIS MEANS INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER. HEPATITIS B VIRUS IS THE MAJOR INFECTIOUS BLOODBORNE HAZARD YOU FACE ON THE JOB

5. HIV
HIV
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRSUS ATTACKS THE BODY’S IMMUNE SYSTEM, CAUSING THE DISEASE KNOWN AS AIDS OR ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME

6. EXPOSURE TO BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS INCLUDE:
NURSES
PHYSICIANS
DENTISTS
OPERATING ROOM PERSONNEL
EMERGENCY ROOM PERSONNEL
LAUNDRY HANDLERS
LAW ENFORCEMENT
FIREFIGHTERS
PARAMEDICS
EMT’S
FIRST RESPONDERS
CPR PROVIDERS

7. OTHER EXPOSURES
BLOOD MAY BE PRESENT IN:
- VOMIT
- URINE
- FECES

8. MODES OF TRANSMISSION HIV AND HBV AND OTHER PATHOGENS MAY BE
PRESENT IN:
BODY FLUIDS SUCH AS SALVIA, SEMEN, VAGINAL
SECRETIONS, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, SYNOVIAL
PLEURAL FLUID, PERITONEAL FLUID,
PERICARDIAL FLUID, AMNIOTIC FLUID
SALIVA AND BLOOD CONTACT IN DENTAL
PROCEDURES
UNFIXED TISSUE OR ORGANS OTHER THAN
INTACT SKIN FROM LIVING OR DEAD HUMANS

9. MODES OF TRANSMISSION CON’T
ACCIDENTAL INJURY BY CONTAMINATED SHARPS
CONTACT WITH OPEN CUTS, NICKS AND
ABRASIONS
CONTACT WITH MUCOUS MEMBRANES
MOUTH, NOSE AND EARS

10. TRANSMISSION OF VIRUSES:
HIV IS TRANSMITTED PRIMARILY
THROUGH SEXUAL CONTACT BUT MAY ALSO BE TRANSMITTED THROUGH CONTACT WITH BLOOD AND SOME BODY FLUIDS. HIV IS NOT TRANSMITTED BY TOUCHING, FEEDING OR WORKING AROUND PATIENTS WHO CARRY THE DISEASE

11. WAYS TO TRANSMIT INFECTION:
SEXUAL CONTACT WITH INFECTED PARTNER
SHARING INFECTED NEEDLES
CUTTING YOURSELF WITH INFECTED OBJECTS
GETTING INFECTED BLOOD IN OPEN SORES
GETTING BLOOD IN YOUR MOUTH , NOSE OR EYES

12. WHO HAS HIV OR HBV? ALL TYPES OF PEOPLE HAVE THE VIRUSES
300,000 PEOPLE ARE INFECTED WITH HBV ANNUALLY
35,000 ARE INFECTED WITH HIV

13. A PERSON INFECTED WITH HIV:
MAY CARRY THE VIRUS
WITHOUT DEVELOPING
SYMPTOMS
WILL EVENTUALLY DEVELOP
AIDS
MAY DEVELOP AIDS RELATED ILLNESSES
INCLUDING NEUROLOGICAL PROBLEMS, CANCER AND OTHER OPPORTUNIST INFECTIONS

14. IF YOU BECOME INFECTED WITH HBV:
YOU MAY FEEL LIKE YOU HAVE THE FLU
YOU MAY BE SICK ENOUGH TO BE HOSPITALIZED
YOUR SALVIA AND OTHER BODY FLUIDS MAY BE INFECTIOUS

15. CONTROL OF BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
EMPLOYEE WORK PRACTICES
PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
HOUSEKEEPING
HEPATITIS B VACCINE

16. TRAINING SHALL CONTAIN:
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
PPE
POST EXPOSURE EVALUATIONS
RECORD KEEPING

17. UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS:
TREAT ALL BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS AS POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS

18. CONTAMINATED SURFACES
SURFACES CAN BE CONTAMINATED WITHOUT
VISIBLE SIGNS
HBV CAN SURVIVE ON SURFACES AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE FOR AT LEAST A WEEK

19. EXPOSURE PREVENTION AND CONTROL
PLACE CONTAMINATED SHARPES IN APPROVED CONTAINERS
WASH HANDS AFTER CONTAMINATION
DO NOT KEEP FOOD OR DRINK ON COUNTERS WHERE INFECTIOUS MATERIALS MAY BE PRESENT

20. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
PPE INCLUDES:
GLOVES
MASKS
APRONS
FACESHIELDS
MOUTHPIECES
GOWNS
EYEWARE
CPR POCKET MASKS
OTHER EQUIPMENT WHICH MAY REDUCE CONTACT
WITH SKIN OR OTHER POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS
MATERIAL

21. SAFE HOUSE KEEPING WEAR RUBBER GLOVES RESTRICT AREA
USE DISPOSAL TOWELS FOR CLEANUP
PUT CONTAMINATED BLOOD IN APPROVED CONTAINERS

22. BE PREPARED ALWAYS WEAR GLOVES WHEN AT RISK BE ALERT FOR SHARP OBJECTS
DO NOT PICK UP GLASS WITH BARE HANDS
PLACE SHARPS IN APPROVED CONTAINERS

23. COMMON SENSE RULES
BE SURE TO WASH HANDS AND REMOVE PROTECTIVE CLOTHING BEFORE:
- EATING
- DRINKING
- SMOKING
- APPLYING COSMETICS
- HANDLING CONTACTS

24. STANDARD THAT APPLIES:
OSHA General Industry Standard
29 CFR