1. Pg. 77-78 of composition notebook

2.  Acid: Substance that donates Hydrogen ions (H + ) to a solution.  Or forms H 3 O + (hydronium ions) with water  Base: Substance that donates hydroxide ions (OH - ) to a solution.

3. H 2 O H + + OH - Water hydrogen ion + hydroxide ion

4.  pH is a way to measure the amount of acid in solution  Scale ranges from 0 to 14  A pH of 7 = neutral (neither acidic nor basic)  pH below 7 is acidic  pH greater than 7 is basic

5.  Examples: Acetic acid (vinegar), carbonic acid (carbonated beverages), hydrochloric acid (stomach acid), lemon juice  Have a sour taste  React with metals  Produce color changes in indicators  Litmus paper-turns blue litmus paper red

6.  Examples: Aluminum Hydroxide (deodorant), antacids, sodium hydroxide (soap production, drain cleaner)  Bitter taste  Slippery feel (think soap)  Color changes in indicators  Red litmus paper will turn blue  Phenolphthalein will turn red

8. 1. What does red and blue litmus paper tell you about a substance? 2. Do you need to use both pieces of litmus paper to sample a substance? Why or why not? 3. What would it tell you about a substance if neither paper changed color?

9.  Question: Which foods and household substances are acids and which are bases?  Data:

10. SubstancepH PredictionActual pH 1-Tap Water 2-Lemon Juice 3-Vinegar 4-Cola 5-Mouth Wash 6-Antacid 7-Coffee 8-Milk 9- Baking Soda

11. SubstanceInitial pHpH with 1 drop of acid pH with 2 drops of acid pH with 3 drops of acid Tap water Liver homogenate

12.  WITHOUT looking at your notes (or book, or discussing with another person), write down what you remember about acids and bases.

13.  For each substance discuss the following in complete sentences:  Share the name and measured pH value of the substance.  Explain how the pH of the substance influences its properties, uses and side effects (or lack thereof).

14.  Based upon your results in part B, what do you think a function of the liver is? Use your specific data to support your answer.  Why did we add the acid to water as well?