1. Final Review Honors Biology

2. Matching A.Chloroplasts B. Mitochondria C. Nucleus D. Central vacuole E. Rough ER F. Ribosome G. Cell Membrane H. Lysosome I.Golgi apparatus J. Nucleolus K. Centrioles 1.Small structure that makes protein 2.Contains chromatin 3.Controls what enters or leaves the cell 4.“Powerhouse” of the cell 5.Cell control center 6.Numerous ribosomes attached to it 7.Help to pull chromosome pairs apart to opposite ends of the cell 8.May store water, needed chemicals, wastes in plant cells 9. Converts energy from the sun into chemical energy (photosynthesis) 10. Proteins and molecules modified, sorted, and shipped from here 11. Digests food, waste, and foreign substances 12. Transports Proteins 13. Produces ribosomes 14. Make cellular energy (ATP)

3. A.Chloroplasts B. Mitochondria C. Nucleus D. Central vacuole E. Rough ER F. Ribosome G. Cell Membrane H. Lysosome I.Golgi apparatus J. Nucleolus K. Centrioles 1.Small structure that makes protein F 2.Contains chromatin C 3.Controls what enters or leaves the cell G 4.“Powerhouse” of the cell B 5.Cell control center C 6.Numerous ribosomes attached to it E 7.Help to pull chromosome pairs apart to opposite ends of the cell K 8.May store water, needed chemicals, wastes in plant Cells D 9. Converts energy from the sun into chemical energy (photosynthesis) A 10. Proteins and molecules modified, sorted, and shipped from here I 11. Digests food, waste, and foreign substances H 12. Transports Proteins E 13. Produces ribosomes J 14. Make cellular energy (ATP) B

4. Protein Describe the pathway of how protein is made and what organelles does it go through? THINK OF THE FUNCTION OF THE ORGANELLES!

5. Nucleolus  ribosomes  RER  Gogli apparatus  ETC

6. Fill out table

8. Macromolecules 1)What are 4 macromolecules are we made up of? 2)Function of the 4 macromolecules

9. Carbohydrates-Short Term Energy Storage!! Lipids-Main Function = Energy Storage Proteins-Your body uses protein to build and repair tissues. You also use protein to make enzymes, hormone, and other body chemicals. Protein is an important building block of bones, muscles, cartilage, skin, and blood. Nucleic Acids-Stores genetic information Gene – specific piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein.

10. Monomers and Polymers Name the monomers and polymers for each Macromolecule: Carbohydrates: Proteins: Lipids: Nucleic Acids:

11. Carbohydrates: Monomer = Monosaccharides Polymer = Polysaccharides – many monosaccharides Proteins: – Monomer = Amino Acids – AA ’ s connected by peptide bond – Polymer = Many AA ’ s = Polypeptide = PROTEIN! Lipids: No polymers + No True monomer – Instead glycerol + fatty acid chains Nucleic Acids: Monomer = Nucleotides Polymer = DNA or RNA

12. Water and Enzymes 1)5 properties of water 2)What does an enzyme do? 3)Endothermic reaction? 4)Exothermic reaction?

13. WATER PROPERTIES: 1. Cohesion 2. Adhesion 3. High Specific Heat 4. Less Dense as a Solid 5. Water is a terrific solvent ENZYME: Special type of protein (a catalyst) that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy Involved in most chemical reactions REACTIONS: Endothermic (Endergonic) Reactions – absorbs energy – Energy absorbed from surroundings and stored in bonds – Ex: Photosynthesis – Products have more ENERGY than reactants Exothermic (Exergonic) Reactions – releases energy – Releases ENERGY to environment – Ex: Cellular Respiration – Reactants have more ENERGY than products

15. 1. At what pH, do the two enzymes have the same amount of activity? 2. At what pH, is the optimal pH for both each enzyme? 3. Which enzyme active over a wider range of pH level?

17. Homeostasis and body systems 1)How does each body system to help maintain homeostasis? 1)Digestive system 2)Nervous system 3)Circulatory system 4)Respiratory system

18. Feedback 1)What is the difference between positive and negative feedback? Provide an example of each 2)How does our body regulate body temperature (thermoregulation)?