1. Operating Systems
Networking for Home and Small Businesses – Chapter 2 – Introduction To Networking

2. Purpose of an Operating System
Operating system – allows communication between applications and hardware
Operating system loaded into RAM at startup
Parts of an OS
kernel – communicates with hardware
shell – works with the application

3. Purpose of an Operating System
Types of user interfaces & ways to interact within an OS
CLI (Command Line Interface) Windows button & type command prompt
user enters commands at the prompt
DOS

4. Purpose of an Operating System
Licensing requirements
GUI (Graphical Unit Interface)
uses pictures
more user-friendly

5. Purpose of an Operating System
Operating System Requirements & Resource Specifications To Ensure The OS Works.

6. How to select an Operating System
Does it support user requirements(applications)?
How Much $$$ does the OS require?
Can The IT Staff Support the OS?
Does the computers meet hardware requirements?
Amount of RAM needed
Hard drive space required
Processor type and speed
Video resolutions

7. Operating System Poster Design
Design an informative poster over an assigned operating system. The poster should help the average computer user better understand the OS and how it works with his/her computer system.

8. Installation of an Operating System
Installation Methods
Clean install – everything new
new system or no upgrade or damaged OS
Upgrade
replace old OS with new
Multiboot –such as 2000 and XP
more than one OS on a PC
set up different partitions
Virtualization
used for servers
allows multiple copies to be run

9. Installation of an Operating System
Complete a pre-installation checklist for installing an operating system
1. Verify that all hardware is certified to work with the selected OS.
2. Verify that the hardware resources meet or exceed the published minimum requirements.
3. Confirm that the appropriate installation medium is available. Usually DVD or CD
4. If the OS is to be installed on a system that already contains data: (a) Use system diagnostic tools and utilities to ensure the current OS installation is in good condition, free of malicious or damaging files and codes; (b) Complete a full backup of all important files.
5. If performing a clean-install, verify that all application software is available for installation.

10. Installation of an Operating System
6. Determine The Partition Structure-Where do I want to store my OS and Data
-Partitions are necessary in Multi-boot systems
-Hard Drives can be divided into OS and Data partitions
7. Determine file system
method OS uses to keep track of files
FAT 16/32, NTFS(used for most businesses)
Now begin the OS Install

11. Installation of an Operating System
After the OS is installed
Prepare your computer to participate in the network
Must have a NIC
Must have the following to send and receive in a network
IP (Internet Protocol)
identifies the computer on the network
Subnet Mask
identifies network on which the computer is connected
Default gateway
identifies the device that allows local network computers to communicate with devices on other networks

12. Installation of an Operating System
Types of network configurations
Manual
entered into the computer by the administrator(one PC at a time)
static addressing
Dynamic
requests configuration information from a DHCP server

13. Installation of an Operating System
Naming scheme
The computer name must be unique for all computers on the same network.
Make names mean something.
MCHS-RM-6-01
School, Room, Comp #

14. Installation of an Operating System
Multiple devices on a network.
In a network environment 2 items must be unique for everything to work together.
Computer Name
IP Address

15. Operating System Maintenance
Describe the purpose of a patch
a piece of code that can correct a problem or enhance the functionality **Try a patch before a re-install**
Identify when a patch should be applied
Automatic Installation
updates scheduled to occur during times when PC is not in use(you pick the time)
Prompt for Permission
notifies end user when patch is available
user decides whether or not to download it
Manual
primarily used for service packs

16. Operating System Maintenance
Identify sources of Applications patches. If an application is not acting correcting look for specific patches for that application first, then look at the OS or Computer.